Preischemic Administration of Nonexpanded Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Attenuates Acute Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Fibrosis
In conclusion, our study demonstrated that preischemic administration of nonexpanded adipose SVF protected the kidney from both acute IR injury and long-term risk of developing CKD.
Significance
Renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a common clinical syndrome. Cell-based therapy provides a promising option to promote renal repair after IR injury. However, several challenges still remain because of the potential risks during cell culture, low retention rate after transplantation, and unclear effect on the progression of chronic kidney disease. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is considered as an attractive cell source. ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Zhou, L., Xu, L., Shen, J., Song, Q., Wu, R., Ge, Y., Xin, H., Zhu, J., Wu, J., Jia, R. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Source Type: research
Perivascular Progenitor Cells Derived From Human Embryonic Stem Cells Exhibit Functional Characteristics of Pericytes and Improve the Retinal Vasculature in a Rodent Model of Diabetic Retinopathy
This study provides a simple and feasible method to generate perivascular progenitor cells from human embryonic stem cells. These cells share functional characteristics with pericytes, which are irreversibly lost at the onset of diabetic retinopathy. Animal studies demonstrated that replenishing the damaged pericytes with perivascular progenitor cells could restore retinal vascular integrity and prevent fluid leakage. This provides promising and compelling evidence that perivascular progenitor cells can be used as a novel therapeutic agent to treat diabetic retinopathy patients. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Kim, J. M., Hong, K.-S., Song, W. K., Bae, D., Hwang, I.-K., Kim, J. S., Chung, H.-M. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Embryo Development Source Type: research
Functional Maturation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Hepatocytes in Extracellular Matrix--A Comparative Analysis of Bioartificial Liver Microenvironments
We examined the influence of novel three-dimensional bioartificial microenvironments on function and maturation of hepatocyte-like cells differentiated from iPSCs and grown within an acellular, liver-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold. In parallel, we also compared a bioplotted poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold that allows for cell growth in three dimensions and formation of cell-cell contacts but is infused with type I collagen (PLLA-collagen scaffold) alone as a "deconstructed" control scaffold with narrowed biological diversity. iPSC-derived hepatocytes cultured within both scaffolds remained viable, became po...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Wang, B., Jakus, A. E., Baptista, P. M., Soker, S., Soto-Gutierrez, A., Abecassis, M. M., Shah, R. N., Wertheim, J. A. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Effect of Function-Enhanced Mesenchymal Stem Cells Infected With Decorin-Expressing Adenovirus on Hepatic Fibrosis
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are known to have an antifibrotic effect and could be used as vehicles for targeted gene delivery. Decorin plays a protective role against fibrogenesis by modulating the degradation of the extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to determine whether the antifibrotic effect of a combination treatment consisting of BM-MSCs and decorin on hepatic fibrosis is superior to BM-MSCs alone. The effects of BM-MSCs infected with decorin-expressing adenovirus (DCN-MSCs) on hepatic fibrosis were examined in a rat model of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced cirrhosis. The effects of ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Jang, Y. O., Cho, M.-Y., Yun, C.-O., Baik, S. K., Park, K.-S., Cha, S.-K., Chang, S. J., Kim, M. Y., Lim, Y. L., Kwon, S. O. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Promotes Osteoblastogenesis and Prevents Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis
This study revealed the therapeutic potential of systemically infused, genetically unmodified allogeneic MSCs in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. The donor MSCs inhabited recipient bone marrow and promoted osteoblastogenesis. The therapeutic effects were based on maintenance of bone formation. These results provide important information regarding cell-based anabolic therapy for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and uncover previously unrecognized mesenchymal stem cell behaviors following a homing event. The current study also indicates that minimizing the time of cell culture confers an advantage for increasing trans...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Sui, B., Hu, C., Zhang, X., Zhao, P., He, T., Zhou, C., Qiu, X., Chen, N., Zhao, X., Jin, Y. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids Retain Osteogenic Phenotype Through {alpha}2{beta}1 Signaling
The induction of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward the osteoblastic lineage using osteogenic supplements prior to implantation is one approach under examination to enhance their bone-forming potential. MSCs rapidly lose their induced phenotype upon removal of the soluble stimuli; however, their bone-forming potential can be sustained when provided with continued instruction via extracellular matrix (ECM) cues. In comparison with dissociated cells, MSC spheroids exhibit improved survival and secretion of trophic factors while maintaining their osteogenic potential. We hypothesized that entrapment of MSC spheroids formed ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Murphy, K. C., Hoch, A. I., Harvestine, J. N., Zhou, D., Leach, J. K. Tags: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Enabling Technologies for Cell-Based Clinical Translation Source Type: research
Opposite Effects of Coinjection and Distant Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Breast Tumor Cell Growth
This study explored the impact of coinjection and distant injection of allogeneic bone marrow-derived MSCs on mouse 4T1 breast cancer cells. The results showed that the coinjection of MSCs and 4T1 cells promoted tumor growth. MSCs might act as the tumor stromal precursors and cause immunosuppression to protect tumor cells from immunosurveillance, which subsequently facilitated tumor metastasis. Interestingly, the distant injection of MSCs and 4T1 cells suppressed tumor growth. Together, the results of this study revealed the dual functions of MSCs in immunoregulation. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Zheng, H., Zou, W., Shen, J., Xu, L., Wang, S., Fu, Y.-X., Fan, W. Tags: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells Source Type: research
Grafted Subventricular Zone Neural Stem Cells Display Robust Engraftment and Similar Differentiation Properties and Form New Neurogenic Niches in the Young and Aged Hippocampus
We examined the engraftment and differentiation of alkaline phosphatase-positive NSCs expanded from the postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ), 3 months after grafting into the intact young or aged rat hippocampus. Graft-derived cells engrafted robustly into both young and aged hippocampi. Although most graft-derived cells pervasively migrated into different hippocampal layers, the graft cores endured and contained graft-derived neurons expressing neuron-specific nuclear antigen (NeuN) and -amino butyric acid in both groups. A fraction of migrated graft-derived cells in the neurogenic subgranular zone-granule cell layer also ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Shetty, A. K., Hattiangady, B. Tags: Neural/Progenitor Stem Cells, Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells Source Type: research
Exosomal MicroRNAs Derived From Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant global public health problem, causing more than 350,000 deaths every year. Although the development of direct-acting antivirals has improved the sustained virological response rate in HCV patients, novel anti-HCV agents with higher efficacy as well as better tolerance and cheaper production costs are still urgently needed. Cell-based therapy, especially its unique and strong paracrine ability to transfer information to other cells via extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, has become one of the most popular therapeutic methods in recent years. In our study, exosomes secreted from ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Qian, X., Xu, C., Fang, S., Zhao, P., Wang, Y., Liu, H., Yuan, W., Qi, Z. Tags: Cord Blood Stem Cells, Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells Source Type: research
Erythropoietin Stimulates Endothelial Progenitor Cells to Induce Endothelialization in an Aneurysm Neck After Coil Embolization by Modulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
This study explored a new approach to enhance aneurysm (AN) neck endothelialization via erythropoietin (EPO)-induced endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) stimulation. Results suggest that EPO enhanced the endothelialization of a coiled embolization AN neck by stimulating EPCs via vascular endothelial growth factor modulation. Thus, the promotion of endothelialization with EPO provides an additional therapeutic option for preventing the recurrence of ANs. Endovascular coil embolization is an attractive therapy for cerebral ANs, but recurrence is a main problem affecting long-term outcomes. In this study, we explored a new appr...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Liu, P., Zhou, Y., An, Q., Song, Y., Chen, X., Yang, G.-Y., Zhu, W. Tags: Epiblast Stem Cells, Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells Source Type: research
Chondrocytes Derived From Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Induced Pluripotent Cells of Patients With Familial Osteochondritis Dissecans Exhibit an Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response and Defective Matrix Assembly
Familial osteochondritis dissecans (FOCD) is an inherited skeletal defect characterized by the development of large cartilage lesions in multiple joints, short stature, and early onset of severe osteoarthritis. It is associated with a heterozygous mutation in the ACAN gene, resulting in a Val-Met replacement in the C-type lectin domain of aggrecan. To understand the cellular pathogenesis of this condition, we studied the chondrogenic differentiation of patient bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). We also looked at cartilage derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from patient fibroblasts. ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Xu, M., Stattin, E.-L., Shaw, G., Heinegard, D., Sullivan, G., Wilmut, I., Colman, A., Onnerfjord, P., Khabut, A., Aspberg, A., Dockery, P., Hardingham, T., Murphy, M., Barry, F. Tags: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells Source Type: research
Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Lipid Metabolic Disturbance in Mice
This study demonstrated that adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) infusion can significantly suppress the increase in body weight and remarkably improve dyslipidemia in obese mice. Induction of white fat tissue "browning" and activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and its downstream hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue were demonstrated to contribute to the antiobesity and lipid-lowering effects. Thus, AD-MSC infusion holds great therapeutic potential for dyslipidemia. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Liu, G.-Y., Liu, J., Wang, Y.-L., Liu, Y., Shao, Y., Han, Y., Qin, Y.-R., Xiao, F.-J., Li, P.-F., Zhao, L.-J., Gu, E.-Y., Chen, S.-Y., Gao, L.-H., Wu, C.-T., Hu, X.-W., Duan, H.-F. Tags: Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells Source Type: research
A Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy-Affected Skeletal Muscles
This study represents the first human stem cell-based cellular model for a muscular dystrophy that is suitable for high-throughput screening and drug development. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Caron, L., Kher, D., Lee, K. L., McKernan, R., Dumevska, B., Hidalgo, A., Li, J., Yang, H., Main, H., Ferri, G., Petek, L. M., Poellinger, L., Miller, D. G., Gabellini, D., Schmidt, U. Tags: Embryo Development, Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Differentiation and Characterization of Dopaminergic Neurons From Baboon Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
The progressive death of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta is the principal cause of symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Stem cells have potential therapeutic use in replacing these cells and restoring function. To facilitate development of this approach, we sought to establish a preclinical model based on a large nonhuman primate for testing the efficacy and safety of stem cell-based transplantation. To this end, we differentiated baboon fibroblast-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (biPSCs) into dopaminergic neurons with the application of specific morphogens and growth factors....
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Grow, D. A., Simmons, D. V., Gomez, J. A., Wanat, M. J., McCarrey, J. R., Paladini, C. A., Navara, C. S. Tags: Pluripotent Stem Cells, Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Identification and Characterization of Human Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Potential for Cellular Therapy
Human endometrium is a highly regenerative tissue, undergoing more than 400 cycles of proliferation, differentiation, and shedding during a woman’s reproductive life. Adult stem cells, including mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), are likely responsible for the immense cellular turnover in human endometrium. The unique properties of MSCs, including high proliferative ability, self-renewal, differentiation to mesodermal lineages, secretion of angiogenic factors, and many other growth-promoting factors make them useful candidates for cellular therapy and tissue engineering. In this review, we summarize the identific...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - August 23, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Darzi, S., Werkmeister, J. A., Deane, J. A., Gargett, C. E. Tags: Adult Stem Cells, Perspectives Source Type: research
