Concise Review: Human Dermis as an Autologous Source of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
The exciting potential for regenerating organs from autologous stem cells is on the near horizon, and adult dermis stem cells (DSCs) are particularly appealing because of the ease and relative minimal invasiveness of skin collection. A substantial number of reports have described DSCs and their potential for regenerating tissues from mesenchymal, ectodermal, and endodermal lineages; however, the exact niches of these stem cells in various skin types and their antigenic surface makeup are not yet clearly defined. The multilineage potential of DSCs appears to be similar, despite great variability in isolation and in vitro pr...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Vapniarsky, N., Arzi, B., Hu, J. C., Nolta, J. A., Athanasiou, K. A. Tags: Concise Review, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Skin-Derived Precursors/Progenitors Source Type: research
Feasibility Study of Canine Epidermal Neural Crest Stem Cell Transplantation in the Spinal Cords of Dogs
This pilot feasibility study aimed to determine the outcome of canine epidermal neural crest stem cell (cEPI-NCSC) grafts in the normal spinal cords of healthy bred-for-research dogs. This included developing novel protocols for (a) the ex vivo expansion of cEPI-NCSCs, (b) the delivery of cEPI-NCSCs into the spinal cord, and (c) the labeling of the cells and subsequent tracing of the graft in the live animal by magnetic resonance imaging. A total of four million cEPI-NCSCs were injected into the spinal cord divided in two locations. Differences in locomotion at baseline and post-treatment were evaluated by gait analysis an...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: McMahill, B. G., Spriet, M., Siso, S., Manzer, M. D., Mitchell, G., McGee, J., Garcia, T. C., Borjesson, D. L., Sieber-Blum, M., Nolta, J. A., Sturges, B. K. Tags: Protocols and Manufacturing for Cell-Based Therapies, Neural/Progenitor Stem Cells Source Type: research
Safe and Reproducible Preparation of Functional Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma Patients
This article summarizes the results of the quality controls on 54 batches, to demonstrate the feasibility of producing a therapeutic cell-based vaccine via a well-controlled Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)-compliant production process. The findings may be of scientific interest to those working in the field of preparation of GMP-compliant products for cell-therapy applications. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Nava, S., Lisini, D., Pogliani, S., Dossena, M., Bersano, A., Pellegatta, S., Parati, E., Finocchiaro, G., Frigerio, S. Tags: Standards, Policies, Protocols, and Regulations for Cell-Based Therapies, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Concise Review: Process Development Considerations for Cell Therapy
This article will provide a summary of what should be considered to efficiently advance a cellular therapy from the research stage through clinical trials and finally toward commercialization. The identification of the basic questions that affect process development is summarized in the target product profile, and considerations for process optimization are discussed. The goal is to identify potential manufacturing concerns early in the process so they may be addressed effectively and thus increase the probability that a therapy will be successful.
Significance
The present study contributes to the field of cell therapy by...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Campbell, A., Brieva, T., Raviv, L., Rowley, J., Niss, K., Brandwein, H., Oh, S., Karnieli, O. Tags: Concise Review, Standards, Policies, Protocols, and Regulations for Cell-Based Therapies Source Type: research
Health Span-Extending Activity of Human Amniotic Membrane- and Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in F344 Rats
This study demonstrates that repeated treatment with stem cells in normal animals has antiaging potential, extending health span and life span. Because antiaging and prolonged life span are issues currently of interest, these results are significant for readers and investigators. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Kim, D., Kyung, J., Park, D., Choi, E.-K., Kim, K. S., Shin, K., Lee, H., Shin, I. S., Kang, S. K., Ra, J. C., Kim, Y.-B. Tags: Enabling Technologies for Cell-Based Clinical Translation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Source Type: research
Extracellular Vesicles Improve Post-Stroke Neuroregeneration and Prevent Postischemic Immunosuppression
Although the initial concepts of stem cell therapy aimed at replacing lost tissue, more recent evidence has suggested that stem and progenitor cells alike promote postischemic neurological recovery by secreted factors that restore the injured brain’s capacity to reshape. Specifically, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells such as exosomes have recently been suggested to mediate restorative stem cell effects. In order to define whether EVs indeed improve postischemic neurological impairment and brain remodeling, we systematically compared the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Doeppner, T. R., Herz, J., Gorgens, A., Schlechter, J., Ludwig, A.-K., Radtke, S., de Miroschedji, K., Horn, P. A., Giebel, B., Hermann, D. M. Tags: Enabling Technologies for Cell-Based Clinical Translation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
CXCL12 Gene Therapy Ameliorates Ischemia-Induced White Matter Injury in Mouse Brain
This study has demonstrated for the first time that CXCL12 gene therapy significantly ameliorates brain ischemia-induced white matter injury and promotes oligodendrocyte progenitor cell proliferation in the subventricular zone and migration to the perifocal area in the ischemic mouse brain. Additional data showed that CXCR4 receptor plays an important role during the proliferation and migration of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and CXCR7 might play a role during maturation. In contrast to many experimental studies that provide treatment before ischemic insult, CXCL12 gene therapy was performed 1 week after brain ischemi...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Li, Y., Tang, G., Liu, Y., He, X., Huang, J., Lin, X., Zhang, Z., Yang, G.-Y., Wang, Y. Tags: Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells, Neural/Progenitor Stem Cells Source Type: research
Chorion Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Superior Differentiation, Immunosuppressive, and Angiogenic Potentials in Comparison With Haploidentical Maternal Placental Cells
This study analyzed the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from fetal and maternal placental origins. The findings can be summarized as follows: (a) important differences were found in the expression of CD56, (b) a different mesodermal differentiation potential was found in favor of fetal MSCs, (c) a higher immunosuppressive capacity for chorion MSCs was noted, and (d) superior angiogenic potential of Ch-MSCs was observed. These results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in the...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Gonzalez, P. L., Carvajal, C., Cuenca, J., Alcayaga-Miranda, F., Figueroa, F. E., Bartolucci, J., Salazar-Aravena, L., Khoury, M. Tags: Fetal and Neonatal Stem Cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Excessive Cellular Proliferation Negatively Impacts Reprogramming Efficiency of Human Fibroblasts
In this study, human fibroblasts cultured in media containing different concentrations of growth factors such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 exhibited variable abilities to proliferate, with consequences on pluripotency. This occurred in part because of changes in the expression of proteins involved in the growth factor signaling pathway, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation. These findings have implications for efficient reprogramming of human cells. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Gupta, M. K., Teo, A. K. K., Rao, T. N., Bhatt, S., Kleinridders, A., Shirakawa, J., Takatani, T., Hu, J., De Jesus, D. F., Windmueller, R., Wagers, A. J., Kulkarni, R. N. Tags: Pluripotent Stem Cells, Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
2005 Donor Eligibility Requirements: Unintended Consequences for Stem Cell Development
Several human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived cell therapeutics have entered clinical testing and more are in various stages of preclinical development. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates these products under existing regulations and has stated that these products do not constitute a new class of biologic. However, as human tissue, hESCs are subject to regulations that were developed before hESCs were first described. The regulations have not been revised since 2005, well before the first hESC-derived product entered clinical studies. The current regulations require donors of hESCs to be tested in the...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 17, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Couture, L. A., Carpenter, M. K. Tags: Perspectives, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
