Ultrasound-Assisted Liposuction Does Not Compromise the Regenerative Potential of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently become a focus of regenerative medicine, both for their multilineage differentiation capacity and their excretion of proregenerative cytokines. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are of particular interest because of their abundance in fat tissue and the ease of harvest via liposuction. However, little is known about the impact of different liposuction methods on the functionality of ASCs. Here we evaluate the regenerative abilities of ASCs harvested via a third-generation ultrasound-assisted liposuction (UAL) device versus ASCs obtained via standard suction-assi...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Duscher, D., Atashroo, D., Maan, Z. N., Luan, A., Brett, E. A., Barrera, J., Khong, S. M., Zielins, E. R., Whittam, A. J., Hu, M. S., Walmsley, G. G., Pollhammer, M. S., Schmidt, M., Schilling, A. F., Machens, H.-G., Huemer, G. M., Wan, D. C., Longaker, M Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Source Type: research
The Therapeutic Potential of Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Whartons Jelly in the Treatment of Rat Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced Fibrosis
This study focuses on the effects of HUMSCs on peritoneal fibrosis in in vitro and in vivo experiments. After 24-hour treatment with mixture of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium and PD solution at a 1:3 ratio, primary human peritoneal mesothelial cells became susceptible to PD-induced cell death. Such cytotoxic effects were prevented by coculturing with primary HUMSCs. In a rat model, intraperitoneal injections of 20 mM methylglyoxal (MGO) in PD solution for 3 weeks (the PD/MGO 3W group) markedly induced abdominal cocoon formation, peritoneal thickening, and collagen accumulation. Immunohistochemical analyses ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Fan, Y.-P., Hsia, C.-C., Tseng, K.-W., Liao, C.-K., Fu, T.-W., Ko, T.-L., Chiu, M.-M., Shih, Y.-H., Huang, P.-Y., Chiang, Y.-C., Yang, C.-C., Fu, Y.-S. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Cord Blood Stem Cells Source Type: research
Osteogenic Potential of Mouse Periosteum-Derived Cells Sorted for CD90 In Vitro and In Vivo
The treatment of bone defects still presents complex problems, although various techniques have been developed. The periosteum is considered a good source of osteogenic precursor cells for new bone formation. It can be collected easily in the clinical setting and is less invasive to the donor site. However, the murine skull periosteum has a poor cellular component, and growth is very slow, making it important to identify a culture method for efficient growth. In the present study, we used three-dimensional cell migration with atelocollagen and gelatin media and found that both were effective for promoting the proliferation...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Kim, Y.-K., Nakata, H., Yamamoto, M., Miyasaka, M., Kasugai, S., Kuroda, S. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Intravenous Administration of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Overexpressing Integrin {beta}1 Augments Angiogenesis in Ischemic Legs
When injected directly into ischemic tissue in patients with peripheral artery disease, the reparative capacity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) appears to be limited by their poor survival. We, therefore, attempted to improve the survival of transplanted EPCs through intravenous injection and gene modification. We anticipated that overexpression of integrin β1 will enable injected EPCs to home to ischemic tissue, which abundantly express extracellular matrix proteins, the ligands for integrins. In addition, integrin β1 has an independent angiogenesis-stimulating function. Human endothelial colony-forming c...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Goto, K., Takemura, G., Takahashi, T., Okada, H., Kanamori, H., Kawamura, I., Watanabe, T., Morishita, K., Tsujimoto, A., Miyazaki, N., Ushikoshi, H., Kawasaki, M., Mikami, A., Kosai, K.-i., Minatoguchi, S. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Endodermal Stem/Progenitor Cells Source Type: research
Controlled Dual Growth Factor Delivery From Microparticles Incorporated Within Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates for Enhanced Bone Tissue Engineering via Endochondral Ossification
This study demonstrates the regulation of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis with regard to endochondral bone formation in high-density stem cell systems through the controlled presentation of inductive factors from incorporated microparticles. This work lays the foundation for a rapidly implantable tissue engineering system that promotes bone repair via endochondral ossification, a pathway that can delay the need for a functional vascular network and has an intrinsic ability to promote angiogenesis. The modular nature of this system lends well to using different cell types and/or growth factors to induce endochondral bone fo...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Dang, P. N., Dwivedi, N., Phillips, L. M., Yu, X., Herberg, S., Bowerman, C., Solorio, L. D., Murphy, W. L., Alsberg, E. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Allogeneic Transplantation of Muller-Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells Improves Retinal Function in a Feline Model of Ganglion Cell Depletion
Human Müller glia with stem cell characteristics (hMGSCs) have been shown to improve retinal function upon transplantation into rat models of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) depletion. However, their translational potential may depend upon successful engraftment and improvement of retinal function in experimental models with anatomical and functional features resembling those of the human eye. We investigated the effect of allogeneic transplantation of feline Müller glia with the ability to differentiate into cells expressing RGC markers, following ablation of RGCs by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA). Unlike previous obse...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Becker, S., Eastlake, K., Jayaram, H., Jones, M. F., Brown, R. A., McLellan, G. J., Charteris, D. G., Khaw, P. T., Limb, G. A. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Concise Review: Review and Perspective of Cell Dosage and Routes of Administration From Preclinical and Clinical Studies of Stem Cell Therapy for Heart Disease
An important stage in the development of any new therapeutic agent is establishment of the optimal dosage and route of administration. This can be particularly challenging when the treatment is a biologic agent that might exert its therapeutic effects via complex or poorly understood mechanisms. Multiple preclinical and clinical studies have shown paradoxical results, with inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between the cell dose and clinical benefit. Such phenomena can, at least in part, be attributed to variations in cell dosing or concentration and the route of administration (ROA). Although clinical trials...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Golpanian, S., Schulman, I. H., Ebert, R. F., Heldman, A. W., DiFede, D. L., Yang, P. C., Wu, J. C., Bolli, R., Perin, E. C., Moye, L., Simari, R. D., Wolf, A., Hare, J. M., for the Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network Tags: Standards, Policies, Protocols, and Regulations for Cell-Based Therapies, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
Integrated Biophysical and Biochemical Signals Augment Megakaryopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis in a Three-Dimensional Rotary Culture System
Platelet transfusion has been widely used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy; however, the shortage of the platelet supply limits the care of patients. Although derivation of clinical-scale platelets in vitro could provide a new source for transfusion, the devices and procedures for deriving scalable platelets for clinical applications have not been established. In the present study, we found that a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) can potentiate megakaryopoiesis and significantly improve the efficiency of platelet generation. When used with chemical compounds and growth factors identified via small-scale...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yang, Y., Liu, C., Lei, X., Wang, H., Su, P., Ru, Y., Ruan, X., Duan, E., Feng, S., Han, M., Xu, Y., Shi, L., Jiang, E., Zhou, J. Tags: Enabling Technologies for Cell-Based Clinical Translation, Hematopoietic Stem Cells Source Type: research
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Phenotypic Screening: A Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Type 1 Receptor Kinase Inhibitor Induces Efficient Cardiac Differentiation
This study demonstrates how differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells can be used to identify and isolate cell populations of interest that can translate to the adult human heart. Two separate examples of phenotypic screens are discussed, demonstrating the value of this biologically relevant and reproducible technology. In addition, this assay system was able to identify novel and potent inducers of differentiation and proliferation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac progenitor cells. (Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine)
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Drowley, L., Koonce, C., Peel, S., Jonebring, A., Plowright, A. T., Kattman, S. J., Andersson, H., Anson, B., Swanson, B. J., Wang, Q.-D., Brolen, G. Tags: Cell-Based Drug Development, Screening, and Toxicology, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Cardiac Stem Cells Source Type: research
Established Stem Cell Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy Is Applicable in the Evaluation of the Efficacy of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder characterized by the degeneration of spinal motor neurons. This disease is mainly caused by mutation or deletion of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Currently, no effective treatment is available, and only symptomatic treatment can be provided. Our purpose in the present study was to establish a human SMA-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (SMA-iPSC) disease model and assay a therapeutic drug in preparation for the development of a novel treatment of SMA. We generated iPSCs from the skin fibroblasts of a patient with SMA and confirmed...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Ohuchi, K., Funato, M., Kato, Z., Seki, J., Kawase, C., Tamai, Y., Ono, Y., Nagahara, Y., Noda, Y., Kameyama, T., Ando, S., Tsuruma, K., Shimazawa, M., Hara, H., Kaneko, H. Tags: Cell-Based Drug Development, Screening, and Toxicology, Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Cardiac Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Exhibit High Differentiation Potential to Cardiovascular Cells in C57BL/6 Mice
Adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs) have recently been shown to differentiate into cardiovascular lineage cells. However, little is known about the fat tissue origin-dependent differences in AdSC function and differentiation potential. AdSC-rich cells were isolated from subcutaneous, visceral, cardiac (CA), and subscapular adipose tissue from mice and their characteristics analyzed. After four different AdSC types were cultured with specific differentiation medium, immunocytochemical analysis was performed for the assessment of differentiation into cardiovascular cells. We then examined the in vitro differentiation capacity...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Nagata, H., Ii, M., Kohbayashi, E., Hoshiga, M., Hanafusa, T., Asahi, M. Tags: Tissue-Specific Progenitor and Stem Cells, Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Source Type: research
Concise Review: Patient-Specific Stem Cells to Interrogate Inherited Eye Disease
Whether we are driving to work or spending time with loved ones, we depend on our sense of vision to interact with the world around us. Therefore, it is understandable why blindness for many is feared above death itself. Heritable diseases of the retina, such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and retinitis pigmentosa, are major causes of blindness worldwide. The recent success of gene augmentation trials for the treatment of RPE65-associated Leber congenital amaurosis has underscored the need for model systems that accurately recapitulate disease. With the advent of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem ce...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Giacalone, J. C., Wiley, L. A., Burnight, E. R., Songstad, A. E., Mullins, R. F., Stone, E. M., Tucker, B. A. Tags: Pluripotent Stem Cells, Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Developing Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Therapy for the Masses
The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells and the ability to manufacture them using clinically compliant protocols has the potential to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine. However, realizing this potential requires the development of processes that are reliable, reproducible, and cost-effective and that at the same time do not compromise the safety of the individuals receiving this therapy. In the present report, we discuss how cost reductions can be obtained using our experience with obtaining approval of biologic agents, autologous therapy, and the recent approval of cord blood banks.
Significance
For...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Rao, M. S., Atala, A. Tags: Perspectives, Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Sphere-Derived Multipotent Progenitor Cells Obtained From Human Oral Mucosa Are Enriched in Neural Crest Cells
Although isolation of oral mucosal stromal stem cells has been previously reported, complex isolation methods are not suitable for clinical application. The neurosphere culture technique is a convenient method for the isolation of neural stem cells and neural crest stem cells (NCSCs); neurosphere generation is a phenotype of NCSCs. However, the molecular details underlying the isolation and characterization of human oral mucosa stromal cells (OMSCs) by neurosphere culture are not understood. The purpose of the present study was to isolate NCSCs from oral mucosa using the neurosphere technique and to establish effective in ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 7, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Abe, S., Yamaguchi, S., Sato, Y., Harada, K. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Endodermal Stem/Progenitor Cells Source Type: research
Role of Keratinocyte Growth Factor in the Differentiation of Sweat Gland-Like Cells From Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
In this study, we further improved the inducing medium and determined the effects of KGF in hUC-MSC differentiation. We found KGF expression in the SGCs and that recombinant human KGF could induce hUC-MSC differentiation into SGCs, suggesting KGF plays a pivotal role in promoting hUC-MSC differentiation to SGCs. Furthermore, the SGCs differentiated from hUC-MSCs were applied to severely burned skin of the paw of an in vivo severe combined immunodeficiency mouse burn model. Burned paws treated with SGCs could regenerate functional sparse SGs 21 days after treatment; the untreated control paws could not. Collectively, these ...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - January 7, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Xu, Y., Hong, Y., Xu, M., Ma, K., Fu, X., Zhang, M., Wang, G. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research
