The first Gulf War and pre‐emptive therapy for virology
(Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - February 29, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Paul D. Griffiths Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
A new role of neuraminidase (NA) in the influenza virus life cycle: implication for developing NA inhibitors with novel mechanism of action
Summary
The entire life cycle of influenza virus involves viral attachment, entry, replication, and release. Previous studies have demonstrated that neuraminidase (NA) is an essential glycoprotein on the surface of influenza virus and that it is responsible for release of progeny virions from the host cell to infect new cells. However, recent studies have also suggested that NA may play other roles in the early stages of the viral life cycle, that is, viral attachment and entry. This review focuses on the new role of NA in the early stages of influenza life cycle and the corresponding development of novel NA inhibitors. Co...
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - February 29, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Jie Yang, Shuwen Liu, Lanying Du, Shibo Jiang Tags: Review Source Type: research
MicroRNAs, HIV and HCV: a complex relation towards pathology
Summary
MicroRNAs are small non‐coding RNAs that modulate protein production by post‐transcriptional gene regulation. They impose gene expression control by interfering with mRNA translation and stability in cell cytoplasm through a mechanism involving specific binding to mRNA based on base pair complementarity. Because of their intracellular replication cycle it is no surprise that viruses evolved in a way that allows them to use microRNAs to infect, replicate and persist in host cells. Several ways of interference between virus and host‐cell microRNA machinery have been described. Most of the time, viruses drastica...
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - February 29, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Diogo Piedade, José Miguel Azevedo‐Pereira Tags: Review Source Type: research
Calendar of International Meetings
(Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - January 14, 2016 Category: Virology Tags: Calendar Source Type: research
When prevalence of infection may not directly reflect the burden of disease
(Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - January 14, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: PD Griffiths Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - January 14, 2016 Category: Virology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Repetitive dengue outbreaks in East Africa: A proposed phased mitigation approach may reduce its impact
Summary
Dengue outbreaks have persistently occurred in eastern African countries for several decades. We assessed each outbreak to identify risk factors and propose a framework for prevention and impact mitigation. Seven out of ten countries in eastern Africa and three islands in the Indian Ocean have experienced dengue outbreaks between 1823 and 2014. Major risk factors associated with past dengue outbreaks include climate, virus and vector genetics and human practices. Appropriate use of dengue diagnostic tools and their interpretation are necessary for both outbreak investigations and sero‐epidemiological studies. Ser...
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - January 1, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Marycelin Baba, Jandouwe Villinger, Daniel K. Masiga Tags: Review Source Type: research
From PERV to CRISPR
(Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - January 1, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: P. D. Griffiths Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Membrane dynamics associated with viral infection
Summary
Viral replication and spreading are fundamental events in the viral life cycle, accounting for the assembly and egression of nascent virions, events that are directly associated with viral pathogenesis in target hosts. These processes occur in cellular compartments that are modified by specialized viral proteins, causing a rearrangement of different cell membranes in infected cells and affecting the ER, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, vesicles and endosomes, as well as processes such as autophagic membrane flux. In fact, the activation or inhibition of membrane trafficking and other related activities are fundamenta...
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - January 1, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Laura Armas‐Rillo, María‐Soledad Valera, Sara Marrero‐Hernández, Agustín Valenzuela‐Fernández Tags: Review Source Type: research
Calendar of International Meetings
(Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - November 19, 2015 Category: Virology Tags: Calendar Source Type: research
Return to the days of von Magnus
(Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - November 19, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: P. D. Griffiths Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Reviews in Medical Virology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - November 19, 2015 Category: Virology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Japanese encephalitis virus invasion of cell: allies and alleys
Summary
The mosquito‐borne flavivirus, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), is the leading cause of virus‐induced encephalitis globally and a major public health concern of several countries in Southeast Asia, with the potential to become a global pathogen. The virus is neurotropic, and the disease ranges from mild fever to severe hemorrhagic and encephalitic manifestations and death. The early steps of the virus life cycle, binding, and entry into the cell are crucial determinants of infection and are potential targets for the development of antiviral therapies. JEV can infect multiple cell types; however, the key recep...
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - November 1, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Minu Nain, Malik Z. Abdin, Manjula Kalia, Sudhanshu Vrati Tags: Review Source Type: research
Functional assessment and structural basis of antibody binding to human papillomavirus capsid
Summary
Persistent high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is linked to cervical cancer. Two prophylactic virus‐like particle (VLP)‐based vaccines have been marketed globally for nearly a decade. Here, we review the HPV pseudovirion (PsV)‐based assays for the functional assessment of the HPV neutralizing antibodies and the structural basis for these clinically relevant epitopes. The PsV‐based neutralization assay was developed to evaluate the efficacy of neutralization antibodies in sera elicited by vaccination or natural infection or to assess the functional characteristics of monoclonal antibodies. Diffe...
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - November 1, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Xiao Zhang, Shaowei Li, Yorgo Modis, Zhihai Li, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia, Qinjian Zhao Tags: Review Source Type: research
Diagnostic assays for polyomavirus JC and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Summary
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a devastating and often fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system for which effective therapies are lacking. It is caused by the replication of polyomavirus JC (JCV) in the oligodendrocytes and astrocytes leading to their cytolytic death and loss of myelin from the subcortical white matter. While the virus is very common in human populations worldwide, the incidence of the disease is very low and confined almost exclusively to individuals with some form of immunological dysfunction. However, the number of people who constitute the at‐risk populat...
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - November 1, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Martyn K. White, Ilker K. Sariyer, Jennifer Gordon, Serena Delbue, Valeria Pietropaolo, Joseph R. Berger, Kamel Khalili Tags: Review Source Type: research
