Alcohol use among Inuit pregnant women: Validity of alcohol ascertainment measures over time
Conclusions Our findings endorse the conclusion that prospective alcohol measures provide more reliable ascertainment and likely generate more valid information about the proportion of children prenatally exposed to alcohol in the Inuit population. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 25, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
An embryonic 100 μg/L lead exposure results in sex-specific expression changes in genes associated with the neurological system in female or cancer in male adult zebrafish brains
Publication date: Available online 24 October 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Jinyoung Lee, Katharine A. Horzmann, Jennifer L. Freeman Developmental lead (Pb) exposure is linked to neurological health issues. Results from non-human primate and rodent studies suggest detrimental effects of an early life Pb exposure, showing transcriptional disturbances and pathological evidence of Alzheimer's disease in the adult animal brain. To elucidate the impacts of an embryonic Pb exposure on the adult brain, transcriptomic analysis was completed on the brain of zebrafish aged 12months exposed to a control t...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 24, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Prenatal methamphetamine exposure is associated with reduced subcortical volumes in neonates
Conclusions Our findings showing reduced caudate and thalamus volumes in neonates with prenatal methamphetamine exposure are consistent with previous findings in older exposed children, and demonstrate that these changes are already detectable in neonates. Continuing research is warranted to examine whether reduced subcortical volumes are predictive of cognitive, behavioural and affective impairment in older children. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 22, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Behavioral impairments following repeated intranasal glyphosate-based herbicide administration in mice
Publication date: Available online 20 October 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Carlos Javier Baier, Cristina Eugenia Gallegos, Rita Raisman-Vozari, Alejandra Minetti Inhalation or intranasal (IN) administration of neurotoxicants could constitute a route of toxin delivery to the brain. Pesticides have been proposed as the main environmental factor associated with the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders. In Argentina, the area used for glyphosate (Gly)-resistant crops are sprayed annually with ~200 million liters of Gly-based herbicides (Gly-BHs). Gly residues are often found in the environment...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 21, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Acute developmental exposure to 4-hydroxyandrostenedione has a long-term effect on visually-guided behaviors
Publication date: Available online 12 October 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Cassie J. Gould, Jenna L. Wiegand, Victoria P. Connaughton Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are recognized as critical modulators of neural development, including sensory system development. Using the zebrafish model, we tested the effect of transient developmental exposure to a known anti-estrogenic EDC on adult visually-guided behavior. In particular, we exposed zebrafish aged 24-hour post-fertilization (hpf), 72 hpf, or 7-days post-fertilization (dpf) to the aromatase inhibitor 4-h...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 13, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Caffeine administration alters the behaviour and development of Galleria mellonella larvae
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Ronan Maguire, Martin Kunc, Pavel Hyrsl, Kevin Kavanagh The effect of feeding caffeine on the behaviour and neural proteome of Galleria mellonella larvae was assessed. Caffeine was administered to larvae by force feeding and the metabolites theobromine and theophylline were subsequently detected by RP-HPLC analysis. Administration of caffeine to larvae resulted in reduced movement and a reduction in the formation of pupae. The production of the muscle relaxant theophylline may contribute to the reduction in larval movem...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 10, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure in a prospective sample of young adults: Mental health, substance use, and difficulties with the legal system
Conclusion Effects of PAE continue into early adulthood and affect mental health problems, substance use, and interactions with the legal system. Adults who are exposed, but less physically affected, seem to be the most involved in problem behavior. More research is necessary to examine environmental effects in conjunction with PAE on these outcomes and to provide a basis for developing potential interventions. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 4, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Neurobehavioral assessment of mice following repeated oral exposures to domoic acid during prenatal development
This study demonstrated significant gender-specific and persistent neurobehavioral effects of repeated prenatal oral exposures to DA at low-dose levels that did not induce toxicity in dams. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - September 13, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Prenatal and postnatal polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposure and measures of inattention and impulsivity in children
Publication date: Available online 11 September 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Ann M. Vuong, Kimberly Yolton, Kendra L. Poston, Changchun Xie, Glenys M. Webster, Andreas Sjödin, Joseph M. Braun, Kim N. Dietrich, Bruce P. Lanphear, Aimin Chen Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) during fetal development may be associated with deficits in attention and impulse control. However, studies examining postnatal PBDE exposures and inattention and impulsivity have been inconsistent. Using data from 214 children in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a pr...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - September 12, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
PCBs and measures of attention and impulsivity on a continuous performance task of young adults
Publication date: Available online 4 September 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Bita Behforooz, Joan Newman, Mia V. Gallo, Lawrence M. Schell The present study examines the relationship between current body burden of persistent PCBs and attention and impulsivity in 140 Akwesasne Mohawk young adults aged 17 to 21 whose environment has been contaminated by industrial effluent. Attention and impulsivity were measured by errors of omission, errors of commission, and patterns of reaction time responses on the Conners Continuous Performance Test. The PCB measure was the sum of those persistent PCB cong...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - September 5, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
In vivo assessment of hair cell damage and developmental toxicity caused by gestational caffeine exposure using zebrafish (Danio rerio) models
In conclusion, gestational caffeine exposure caused significant hair cell damage and developmental toxicities in zebrafish at early developmental stages. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 26, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
The pharmacokinetic profile of synthetic cathinones in a pregnancy model
Publication date: Available online 12 August 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Lauren G. Strange, Kerri Kochelek, Robert Keasling, Stacy D. Brown, Brooks B. Pond In recent years, the abuse of synthetic cathinones or ‘bath salts’ has become a major public health concern. Although these compounds were initially sold legally and labeled “not for human consumption”, the ‘bath salts’ are psychostimulants, with similar structures and pharmacologic mechanisms to cocaine, the amphetamines, and 3,4 methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Molly, or Ecstasy). The reported use of these substances by ...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 17, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Strategy set-shifting and response inhibition in adult rats exposed to an environmental polychlorinated biphenyl mixture during adolescence
Publication date: Available online 16 August 2017 Source:Neurotoxicology and Teratology Author(s): Supida Monaikul, Paul Eubig, Stan Floresco, Susan Schantz Converging evidence from studies with animal models and humans suggests that early developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) leads to deficits in cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control. These processes are mediated to a large extent by the prefrontal cortex, thus we examined the effects of PCB exposure during adolescence—a period of robust prefrontal cortical development—on both processes. Specifically, we used operant set-shifting and ...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 17, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Prolonged ketamine exposure induces increased activity of the GluN2B-containing N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor in the anterior cingulate cortex of neonatal rats
In this study, we demonstrated that repeated ketamine administration (6 injections of 20mg/kg dose given over 12h time period) in neonatal (postnatal day 7; PND 7) Sprague-Dawley rats induced a progressive increase in N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in the neurons of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) for up to 6h after the last ketamine dose. Specifically, we observed that the increased EPSCs were largely mediated by GluN2B-containing NMDARs in the neurons of the ACC. Along with increased synaptic transmission, there was also a significant increase in the expression...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 5, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Association between alcohol-induced oxidative stress and membrane properties in synaptosomes: A protective role of vitamin E
In conclusion, synaptosomal membranes properties are impaired due to increased oxidative stress, changes in lipid composition, altered fluidity and membrane bound enzyme activities. And treatment with vitamin E renders protection against ethanol-induced membrane alterations. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 1, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
