Atropine counteracts the depressive-like behaviour elicited by acute exposure to commercial chlorpyrifos in rats
Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): A.A. Siqueira, A.F. Cunha, G.M.L. Marques, I.S.A. Felippe, V.S. Minassa, T.C.S. Gramelich, M.A. Cicilini, T.A. Alarcon, R.G.W. Pires, K.N. Sampaio, V. BeijaminiAbstractAcute organophosphate (OP) poisoning induces well-known signs of toxicosis related to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. However, the relationship between acute OP poisoning and the onset of psychiatric disorders remains unclear. Thus, we investigated behavioural and biochemical consequences of acute exposure to the OP chlorpyrifos in male rats and also t...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - November 17, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Intellectual functioning in clinically confirmed fetal valproate syndrome
ConclusionIntellectual difficulties are a central feature of fetal valproate syndrome and are more severe in their presentation in individuals with a diagnosis of valproate embryopathy. Individuals with Fetal Valproate Syndrome who present with the characteristic facial presentation should be considered at high risk of difficulties regardless of the dose of valproate exposure or the presence of a major congenital malformation. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - November 16, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: November–December 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology, Volume 70Author(s): (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - November 14, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring alcohol use and misuse at 22 years of age: A prospective longitudinal study
Publication date: Available online 3 November 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): Lidush Goldschmidt, Gale A. Richardson, Natacha M. De Genna, Marie D. Cornelius, Nancy L. DayAbstractStudies have shown that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is related to drinking problems during adulthood, but the level of prenatal exposure associated with young adults' quantity and frequency of alcohol use and drinking problems has not yet been established. The relation between PAE and offspring levels of alcohol use and alcohol abuse/dependency was examined in 608 22-year-olds. Mothers were recruited in early pregnancy and...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - November 4, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Persistent increase in ecto‑5′‑nucleotidase activity from encephala of adult zebrafish exposed to ethanol during early development
The objective of this research was to evaluate if the ecto‑5′‑nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities and gene expression of adult zebrafish exposed to 1% ethanol during early development could be part of the long-lasting targets of ethanol. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 1% ethanol in two distinct developmental phases: gastrula/segmentation (5–24 h post-fertilization) or pharyngula (24–48 h post-fertilization). At the end of three months, after checking for morphological outcomes, the evaluation of enzymatic activity and gene expression was performed. Exposure to ethanol did not promote gross morp...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 24, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Cognitive flexibility deficits in male mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia followed by concentrated ambient ultrafine particles
Publication date: Available online 11 October 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): Keith Morris-Schaffer, Marissa Sobolewski, Kevin Welle, Katherine Conrad, Min Yee, Michael A. O'Reilly, Deborah A. Cory-SlechtaAbstractEpidemiological evidence indicates an association between early-life exposure to air pollution and preterm birth. Thus, it is essential to address the subsequent vulnerability of preterm infants, who are exposed to unique factors at birth including hyperoxia, and subsequently to air pollution. Health effects of air pollution relate to particle size and the ultrafine particulate component (<...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 12, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Toxicity profiling of flame retardants in zebrafish embryos using a battery of assays for developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity toward human relevance
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): Ainhoa Alzualde, Mamta Behl, Nisha S. Sipes, Jui-Hua Hsieh, Aintzane Alday, Raymond R. Tice, Richard S. Paules, Arantza Muriana, Celia QuevedoAbstractFollowing the voluntary phase-out of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) due to their environmental persistence and toxicity, the organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) are emerging replacements. However, there is limited information on the potential human health effects of the OPFRs. Zebrafish embryos are a viable vertebrate model organism with many advantages for high through...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 10, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Prenatal tobacco and marijuana co-use: Impact on newborn neurobehavior
Publication date: Available online 26 September 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): Laura R. Stroud, George D. Papandonatos, Meaghan McCallum, Tessa Kehoe, Amy L. Salisbury, Marilyn A. HuestisAbstractTobacco and marijuana are some of the most common prenatal substance exposures worldwide. The social acceptability and political landscape of marijuana and its potency have changed dramatically in the last two decades leading to increased use by pregnant women. Despite evidence for increasing marijuana use and high rates of co-use of tobacco (TOB) and marijuana (MJ) during pregnancy, the impact of prenatal exp...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 5, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Biological impacts of organophosphates chlorpyrifos and diazinon on development, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and locomotor activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
The objectives of this study were to compare the biological responses in developing zebrafish to two organophosphate insecticides, chlorpyrifos (CPF) and diazinon (DZN). Zebrafish embryos were exposed to either solvent control (0.1% DMSO, v/v), or one dose of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 25.0 μM CPF, as well as one dose of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 μM DZN for 96 h. CPF at 10.0 and 25.0 μM caused 70–80% and 100% mortality in embryos after 96 h exposure, whereas embryos treated with 10.0 and 100.0 μM DZN showed 30–40% and 70–80% lethality. CPF at 10.0 μM significantly decreased cumulative hatching rate, whereas...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 5, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Trajectories of pre- and postnatal co-use of cannabis and tobacco predict co-use and drug use disorders in adult offspring
We examined patterns of any maternal cigarette and cannabis use during pregnancy and the postpartum years. As young adults (M age = 22.8 years, range = 21–26), 603 offspring completed the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Growth mixture modeling (GMM) was used to identify four maternal trajectories through 16 years postpartum: (1) no co-use (66%), (2) decreasing co-use (16%), (3) postpartum-only co-use (11%), and (4) chronic co-use (7%). Offspring whose mothers were in the decreasing co-use group (co-users primarily during prenatal and preschool periods) were more likely to be co-users than the offspring o...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - September 16, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Moderate developmental alcohol exposure reduces repetitive alternation in a zebrafish model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
This study confirms that moderate levels of ethanol exposure to developing embryos have subtle effects on spatial working memory in adulthood. Our data thus suggest that zebrafish may be a promising model system for studying the effects of alcohol on learning and decision-making, but also for developing treatments and interventions to reduce the negative effects of prenatal alcohol. (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - September 8, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: September–October 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology, Volume 69Author(s): (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - September 6, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Obituary—Philip J. Bushnell, Ph.D. (1947–2018)
Publication date: Available online 14 August 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 28, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Obituary: Philip J. Bushnell, pH.D. (1947–2018)
Publication date: Available online 14 August 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): (Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology)
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 14, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Accelerated functional losses in ageing congenital Minamata disease patients
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018Source: Neurotoxicology and TeratologyAuthor(s): Takashi Yorifuji, Shigeru Takaoka, Philippe GrandjeanAbstractSevere methylmercury poisoning occurred in Minamata and neighboring communities in Japan during the 1950s and 1960s. A considerable number of children were born with conditions resembling cerebral palsy, later known as congenital Minamata disease. Although surviving patients are now in their 50s or 60s, few assessments of functional capacities in daily living have been performed. We assessed the changes in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) status of 11 patients over a...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - August 11, 2018 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
