Monotherapy with Amikacin or Piperacillin-Tazobactum Empirically in Neonates at Risk for Early-Onset Sepsis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusions: Monotherapy with amikacin as an empirical antibiotic did not result in a higher incidence of treatment failure in neonates at risk for early-onset sepsis as compared with piperacillin-tazobactum. Both antibiotics were effective in management of babies with early-onset sepsis. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - August 1, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Tewari, V. V., Jain, N. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Eau de Dalibour vs. Alcohol for Umbilical Cord Care
This study was conducted to compare the effects of Eau de Dalibour and ethanol on preventing omphalitis and also on umbilical cord separation time in neonates. In this clinical trial, 178 randomly selected, healthy term neonates were investigated. To disinfect the umbilical cords, Eau de Dalibour was used for 84 infants (case group) and ethanol for 94 infants (control group). No cases of omphalitis were observed in either group. Umbilical cord separation time was significantly shorter in the Eau de Dalibour group than in the ethanol group: 4.04 ± 1.61 days vs. 6.3 ± 1.82 days, p = 0.001. This study revealed t...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - August 1, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Habibi, M., Mahyar, A., Heidari, R., Javadi, A., Mahyar, S. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
High Cost Is the Primary Barrier Reported by Physicians Who Prescribe Vaccines Not Included in India's Universal Immunization Program
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and rotavirus (RV) vaccine are available in the private market in India, but, except for Hib in eight states, are not included in India’s Universal Immunization Program (UIP). Pediatricians were surveyed about administering non-UIP vaccines. Most give these vaccines to some of their patients (73–83%, depending on vaccine), but few give them to all patients (7–18%). High cost was the most frequently cited barrier (93–96%). Only 10–12% of respondents had concerns about the efficacy of PCV or RV vaccine, and concern...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - August 1, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Kahn, G. D., Thacker, D., Nimbalkar, S., Santosham, M. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Effect of Multivitamin Supplementation on the Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Tanzanian Infants: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Conclusion: Daily provision of multivitamins to HIV-exposed infants does not substantially improve developmental outcomes at age 15 months. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - August 1, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Manji, K. P., McDonald, C. M., Kupka, R., Bosch, R. J., Kisenge, R., Aboud, S., Bellinger, D. C., Fawzi, W. W., Duggan, C. P. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
The Epidemiology and Aetiology of Infections in Children Admitted with Clinical Severe Pneumonia to a University Hospital in Rabat, Morocco
Conclusions: In Morocco, the epidemiological profile of paediatric acute respiratory infections is markedly shifted towards wheezing-related diseases and thus resembles that of high-income countries. However, the high associated CFRs found in this study call for an improvement in preventive and clinical management strategies. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - August 1, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Jroundi, I., Mahraoui, C., Benmessaoud, R., Moraleda, C., Tligui, H., Seffar, M., Kettani, S. C., Benjelloun, B. S., Chaacho, S., Maaroufi, A., Hayes, E. B., Alvarez-Martinez, M. J., Munoz-Almagro, C., Ruiz, J., Alonso, P. L., Bassat, Q. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Overcoming the Barriers to Timely Antiretroviral Initiation in HIV-Infected Infants
(Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - August 1, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Sturt, A., Troy, S. B. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
In this issue August 2014
(Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - August 1, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Tags: In this Issue Source Type: research
Effectiveness of Phototherapy Units in Cameroon
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in resource-limited countries. The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of existing phototherapy units at a local hospital in Cameroon using an irradiance meter. Phototherapy units (n = 4) in one newborn nursery in Cameroon were evaluated. The average irradiance of the functioning units was 2.87 μW/cm2/nm, which is substantially below the recommended range of 10–30 μW/cm2/nm. With simple improvements, one new prototype unit was developed. Its irradiance was 23.3 μW/cm2/nm. We concluded that irradiance of phot...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Satrom, K., Slusher, T., Satrom, J. Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis in a 5-Year-Old Sudanese Boy
A 5-year-old Sudanese boy not known to be immunodeficient and with no history of travelling developed septic shock from a disseminating coccidial infection. The diagnosis was delayed, as the eosinophilic hepatic abscess was initially thought to be secondary to schistosomiasis, which is endemic in Egypt and Sudan. A further survey about the existence of coccidial infection around the climatic area of the river Nile is warranted. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: El Dib, N. A., Eldessouky, N. M., El Sherbini, S. A., Seleem, H. M., Algebaly, H. F. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
A New Mutation in the TBX5 Gene in Holt-Oram Syndrome: Two Cases in the Same Family and Prenatal Diagnosis
In conclusion, our case supports the fact that the HOS presents differently, case by case, even within the same family. The novel mutation reported here and phenotypic findings in the affected members may contribute to the phenotype–genotype correlation. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Atik, T., Dervisoglu, H., Onay, H., Ozkinay, F., Cogulu, O. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Post-transfusion Hypertension and Seizure in Congenital Hemolytic anemia: A Case Report and Literature Review
We report this syndrome in a 12-year-old Malay girl with hemoglobin E-beta-thalassemia, who underwent intensive transfusion and subsequently had headache, visual loss, severe hypertension and seizures. A comprehensive literature review revealed 30 patients with this syndrome, of whom 15 had intracranial bleed and 12 among these 15 died. A less-intensive transfusion regimen among patients with chronic hemolytic anemia and prompt detection and management of hypertension may prevent this potentially fatal syndrome. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Ngim, C. F., Ng, C. S., Lai, N. M. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
The Use of Unprescribed Antibiotics in Management of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children in Enugu, South East Nigeria
Conclusion: Antibiotics abuse among mothers is high. Government, through its responsible agencies, should enforce stricter control or outrightly stop sale of antibiotics over-the-counter to prevent the dreaded antibiotics resistance. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Ekwochi, U., Chinawa, J. M., Osuorah, C. D. I., Odetunde, O. I., Obu, H. A., Agwu, S. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
Persistence of Lymphatic Filarial Infection in the Paediatric Population of Rural Community, after Six Rounds of Annual Mass Drug Administrations
Under the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (LF), mass drug administration (MDA) is being implemented in Tamil Nadu, south India, by the State health machinery. The impact of six annual rounds of MDA using diethylcarbamazine (DEC) with and without albendazole (ALB) on filarial infection (microfilaraemia prevalence—MFP; antigenaemia prevalence—AGP) in paediatric population of 2–9 years was determined in two revenue blocks, with a population of 321 000. After each MDA, 300–400 children were screened for filarial infection. After six MDAs, an overall MFP reduction of 84.67% and 57.95% ...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Sunish, I. P., Munirathinam, A., Kalimuthu, M., Ashok Kumar, V., Tyagi, B. K. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
Neonatal care practices in a tribal community of Odisha, India: A cultural perspective
Neonatal care practices have been shown to vary across tribal communities. This cross-sectional study was conducted in tribal block in Nabarangpur district of Odisha, India, to measure perinatal and antenatal practices by qualitative inquiries of 55 mothers who had babies aged <60 days and from 11 traditional birth attendants. Reasons for home deliveries were cited as easy availability of traditional birth attendants and family preferences. Application of indigenously made substances on umbilical stump and skin of the baby, bathing baby immediately after birth, late initiation of breast-feeding and ‘Budu practices...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Pati, S., Chauhan, A. S., Panda, M., Swain, S., Hussain, M. A. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
NPHS2 R229Q Polymorphism in Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: Is it Responsive to Immunosuppressive Therapy?
Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) patients with NPHS2 gene mutations have been reported as non-responsive to immunosuppressive therapy. Inter-ethnic differences can have influence over the frequency of mutations. The present study was undertaken to find out the incidence and treatment response. Mutational analysis of NPHS2 gene was performed in 20 sporadic idiopathic SRNS, 90 steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and 50 normal controls. NPHS2 gene analysis showed R229Q polymorphism in six SRNS (30%), four SSNS (4.4%) and 13 controls (26%). The polymorphism (G->A) showed Hardy–Weinberg distribution ...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - June 2, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Mishra, O. P., Kakani, N., Singh, A. K., Narayan, G., Abhinay, A., Prasad, R., Batra, V. V. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
