Low-cost Home-use Light-emitting-diode Phototherapy as an alternative to Conventional Methods
Conclusions: It has been shown that the home-type phototherapy unit is as effective as CFP units in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and has the potential to become a standard of care for treatment of jaundiced neonates. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Yilmaz, A., Ozkiraz, S., Akcan, A. B., Canpolat, M. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Giardia duodenalis and Soil-transmitted Helminths infections in Children in Sao Tome and Principe: Do we think Giardia when addressing Parasite Control?
Giardia duodenalis prevalence is commonly as high as soil-transmitted helminths (STH), nevertheless is not considered for large-scale chemotherapy through mass drug administration (MDA) due to its short incubation period and frequent reinfections, its control being associated to improving access to water and sanitation. A study enrolling 444 children attending preschools was conducted in May 2011 during a deworming campaign. Faecal samples were obtained and analysed through microscopy of wet mounting and after Kato–Katz and formol-ether concentration techniques. The majority of children were infected with at least on...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Ferreira, F. S., Baptista-Fernandes, T., Oliveira, D., Rodrigues, R., Neves, E., Lima, A., Garrido, E., Afonso, G., Zaky, A., Telles de Freitas, P., Atouguia, J., Centeno-Lima, S. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
The Clinical pattern of Diabetes Insipidus in a large university hospital in the Middle East
Diabetes insipidus is a rare but serious endocrine disorder. Paediatric patients were evaluated for polyuria at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, over a decade (2000–13). Relevant clinical examination and/or a triad of high serum osmolality, hypernatremia and low urine osmolality due to increased urine output confirmed the diagnosis. Water deprivation test was required in some cases with non-classic presentations. Appropriate brain imaging was performed whenever central diabetes insipidus (CDI) was suspected. Twenty-eight patients, 15 males (53.6%) and 13 females (46.4%), aged 0–17 years (m...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Babiker, A. M. I., Al Jurayyan, N. A. M., Al Jurayyan, R. N. A., Al Gadi, I., Drop, S. L. S. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Recent Illness, Feeding Practices and Father's Education as Determinants of Nutritional Status among Preschool Children in a Rural Nigerian Community
Good nutrition is necessary for the growth and development of preschool children. In sub-Saharan Africa, however, data on the determinants of their nutritional status are lacking. A cross-sectional survey of 366 preschool children was conducted in a rural community in northern Nigeria. Anthropometric measurements of the children were taken and information about feeding practices, immunization and parental education was obtained from their mothers. Fifty-two percent were stunted, 30% were underweight and 25% were wasted. Recent history of diarrhea was associated with wasting (OR = 2.66, p < 0.001). Children whose fathers...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Balogun, T. B., Yakubu, A. M. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Extent of Microcytic Anemia among Children in a low-income, Peri-urban Community in the Dominican Republic using different cut-points
This study aimed to inform an anemia screening and treatment service in a low-income community in the Dominican Republic by determining (i) the prevalence of anemia in young children attending this service using different Hb cut points and (ii) the extent of microcytosis using different recommended cut points for the mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Using the WHO recommended cut point of <11.0 g/dl, 69.9% of 292 children would be classified as anemic, while using a more conservative cut point, <10.0 g/dl, 34.6% would be identified. Depending on the Hb cut point and which of two age-based MCV cut points are used, the pr...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: McLennan, J. D., Steele, M. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Bacteremia and Malaria in Tanzanian Children Hospitalized for Acute Febrile Illness
We recorded the reason for presentation to a rural hospital in an area endemic for malaria in 909 children between January 2006 and March 2009. Blood smears were examined for Plasmodium falciparum parasites, and blood spots dried on filter paper were prepared for 464 children. A PCR assay utilizing the stored blood spots was developed for Streptococcus pneumoniae (lytA) and Haemophilus influenzae (pal). Malaria was present in 299 children whose blood was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); 19 had lytA and 15 had pal. The overall prevalence of lytA was 25 of the 464 children, while that of pal was 18 children. Fever ...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Lundgren, I. S., Heltshe, S. L., Smith, A. L., Chibwana, J., Fried, M. W., Duffy, P. E. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Are 'asymptomatic' Chronic Infections Truly asymptomatic?
(Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Troy, S. B. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
In this Issue April 2015
(Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - March 31, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Tags: In this Issue Source Type: research
Regression of Symptomatic Multiple Cardiac Rhabdomyomas Associated with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex in a Newborn Receiving Everolimus
Conclusion: As we observed in our patient, in cases with inoperable symptomatic rhabdomyomas associated with TSC, everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, may be the treatment of choice, which should be confirmed with additional studies. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 27, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Doğan, V., Yeşil, Şule, Kayalı, Şeyma, Beken, S., Ozgur, S., Ertuğrul, I., Bozkurt, C., Orun, U. A., Karademir, S. Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Stretched Penile Length of Healthy Term Neonates: Normative Values Among Igbo Babies in Southeastern Nigeria
Conclusion: This study has created the first smoothed percentile values for stretched penile length by gestational age for Igbo babies. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 27, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Chikani, U. N., Chinawa, J. M., Ikefuna, A. N., Ibekwe, M. U. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
Depression in Caregivers of Status-Naive Pediatric HIV Patients Participating in a Status Disclosure Study in Haiti and the Dominican Republic: Preliminary Report
A pilot study is underway to assess safety and acceptability of an intervention to disclose their HIV infection status to status-naïve pediatric antiretroviral therapy patients in Hispaniola [the island shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic (DR)]. Of 22 Haiti and 47 DR caregivers recruited to date, 68.2% Haiti and 34.0% DR caregivers had clinically significant depressive symptomatology at the time of enrollment (p = 0.008). Depressive symptom prevalence was higher in Haiti caregivers who were female (81.3% vs. 0 in males; p = 0.02) and in DR caregivers who were patients’ mothers (50.0%) or grandmothers (66....
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 27, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Beck-Sague, C. M., Devieux, J. G., Pinzon-Iregui, M. C., Abreu-Perez, R., Lerebours-Nadal, L., Gaston, S., Dean, A. G., Halpern, M., Rouzier, V., Bertrand, R., Rosenberg, R., Pape, J. W., Nicholas, S. W., Blasini, I. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
Late presentation to hospital services necessitates greater community-based care for malnourished children
The records for all paediatric deaths (ages 0–14) in a large hospital in urban Southern Africa were examined for a 3 year period (January 2007 to February 2010), to explore the role of malnutrition in paediatric mortality in this region. A total of 516 records were obtained, demonstrating that malnutrition was the primary or secondary cause of death in 35% of cases. It was also found that children presented very late to hospital services, with an average length of final admission of only 0–3 days. The rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was found to be very high, although low testing rates limi...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 27, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Rose, A. M. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
Clinical Profile and Hospital Outcome of Children with Severe Acute Kidney Injury in a Developing Country
Conclusion: Sepsis, PKD and malaria were the most common causes of severe AKI. A third of children with severe AKI died. Mortality was highest in those less than 5 years old, with sepsis and needing dialysis. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 27, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Esezobor, C. I., Ladapo, T. A., Lesi, F. E. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Lay-screeners and Use of WHO Growth Standards Increase Case Finding of Hospitalized Malawian Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition
Conclusions: Ward-based lay-screeners and WHO guidelines identified high-risk children with SAM missed by standard NRU referral. MUAC and edema detected the majority of NRU-eligible children. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 27, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: LaCourse, S. M., Chester, F. M., Preidis, G., McCrary, L. M., Maliwichi, M., McCollum, E. D., Hosseinipour, M. C. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Barriers to use of oral rehydration salts for child diarrhea in the private sector: evidence from India
In this study, we use survey data to assess whether children visiting private providers for diarrheal care were less likely to use ORS than those visiting public providers. Results suggest that children who visited private providers were 9.5 percentage points less likely to have used ORS than those who visited public providers (95% CI 5–14). We complimented these results with in-depth interviews of 21 public and 17 private doctors in Gujarat, India, assessing potential drivers of public–private disparities in ORS use. Interview results suggested that lack of direct medication dispensing in the private sector mi...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 27, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Wagner, Z., Shah, M., Sood, N. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
