Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-Like Presentation in a HIV-Positive Patient
There has been several reports of an MND like syndrome in HIV-1 infection, however the data is still sparse. Furthermore, HIV-associated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) syndrome differs from the classical ALS in some key aspects.. A 44-year-old male presented with a history of insidious onset and gradually progressive asymmetric weakness of lower limbs. He also complained of thinning in both legs, the left leg more than the right since 1 year along with spontaneous twitching of muscles in both the thighs. On neurological examination, the assessment of higher mental functions was normal. There were no cranial nerve defi...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - November 10, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Anand, K. S., Wadhwa, A., Garg, J., Mahajan, R. K. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency Related to Concomitant Triamcinolone and Ritonavir Administration: A Case Report and Review
Triamcinolone is a long-acting glucocorticoid medication that can be responsible for transient suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. This physiologic alteration may persist for weeks after repeated or even single localized injection of this agent. However, when this glucocorticoid agent is given to patients receiving the HIV protease inhibitor (PI) ritonavir (RTV), inhibition of their shared cytochrome P450 3A4 degradation pathway leads to an increased bioavailability of triamcinolone, with subsequent heightening and prolongation of the glucocorticoid serum levels. In those instances, ia...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - November 10, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Song, Y., Schroeder, J. R., Bush, L. M. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Patient Perception of Whether an HIV Test Was Provided during the Emergency Department Encounter
This cross-sectional study approached emergency department (ED) patients after the treating physician’s disposition decision to measure patient understanding of whether or not they had received an HIV test during their ED encounter. Of the 300 respondents, 24 were excluded due to missing data or because they had received an ED HIV test. Mean age was 41 years, 51% were men, 61% were black, and 29% had no high school degree. There were 5.8% (95% confidence interval: 3.5%-9.4%) who erroneously reported HIV test delivery during their ED course. Our results suggest a small but significant minority of patients falsely assu...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - November 10, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Khakoo, N. M., Lindsell, C. J., Hart, K. W., Ruffner, A. H., Wayne, D. B., Lyons, M. S. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Viral Loads among Young HIV-Infected Men with Early Syphilis
High rates of HIV coinfection among men with syphilis suggest HIV transmission opportunities due to biologic and behavioral risk synergy. We abstracted HIV viral loads for HIV-infected males aged 24 years or younger with a diagnosis of early syphilis (ES) in Maricopa County, Arizona, in order to evaluate HIV infectivity. During 2009 to 2012, there were 56 HIV-infected, ES cases meeting the age criteria, of whom 32 (57%) had a detectable viral load performed within 1 year of syphilis diagnosis (median 21 000 copies/mL, range 130-302 844 copies/mL). Only 4 (7%) of the 56 patients had an undetectable viral load (<100 copie...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - November 10, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Taylor, M. M., Li, W. Y., Skinner, J., Mickey, T. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Antiretroviral Therapy in Zambia: Do Partners on ART Enhance Adherence?
Conclusions: This study of couples in Zambia found adherence was not enhanced by having a partner on ART, and that adherence declined over time. Partners on ART may not necessarily provide support for adherence to each other. Partners may represent an untapped resource for optimizing adherence; results highlight the need for provider guidance and structured adherence interventions targeting partner adherence support. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - November 10, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jones, D., Cook, R., Spence, A., Weiss, S. M., Chitalu, N. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Health Care Practices and Associated Service Needs in a Sample of HIV-Positive Incarcerated Men in Puerto Rico: Implications for Retention in Care
Conclusions: Correctional facilities can be important settings for engaging high-risk populations in health care, capturing and enrolling unidentified HIV/HCV infections for clinical care, and engaging in substance abuse treatment. In order for these public health outcomes to be achieved, it is important to consider strategies to optimize care inside prison and in the community. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - November 10, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rodriguez-Diaz, C. E., Rivera-Negron, R. M., Clatts, M. C., Myers, J. J. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

African-American Patients' Preferences for a Health Center Campaign Promoting HIV Testing: An Exploratory Study and Future Directions
Conclusion: The media are a cost-effective strategy to promote HIV prevention. Posters and brochures are inexpensive and easy to reproduce for clinical settings. Television campaigns may be feasible in clinics with closed-circuit televisions. Research is needed on campaign messages. An effective health center HIV testing campaign may help mitigate the disproportionate toll HIV is having on African Americans. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - November 10, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Arya, M., Kallen, M. A., Street, R. L., Viswanath, K., Giordano, T. P. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Baseline Renal Function among Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive, HIV-Infected Patients in Southeast Nigeria
Conclusion: The authors observed a high prevalence of significant renal impairment among HIV-infected patients at the time of ART initiation. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Onodugo, O. D., Chukwuka, C., Onyedum, C., Ejim, E., Mbah, A., Nkwo, P., Ugwu, G., Ukoma, U., Okafor, C., Anyene, C., Nwabueze, E., Obi, F., Akabueze, J., Uche, I., Ekochin, F., Nnoruka, E. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Effect of Lipodystrophy on the Quality of Life among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Conclusions: Lipodystrophy adversely affects QoL among PLHIV. There is a need for studies analyzing factors that can potentially improve the QoL in such individuals. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shenoy, A., Ramapuram, J. T., Unnikrishan, B., Achappa, B., Madi, D., Rao, S., Mahalingam, S. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Adverse Drug Reactions to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients at the Largest Public Hospital in Nicaragua
Conclusion: Adverse drug reactions most frequently affected the central nervous system. No ADR was life threatening. The frequency of ADRs in this Nicaraguan patient population was less than that reported from other studies in resource-limited settings. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lorio, M., Colasanti, J., Moreira, S., Gutierrez, G., Quant, C. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Treatment Response in Association with Adherence Patterns to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Perinatally Acquired HIV Infection
Conclusion: Alteration of adherence to HAART is a significant predictor of persistent virologic failure and high viremia in perinatally infected HIV patients. Implementation of longitudinal adherence assessments may target patients with nonsustained adherence patterns and help decrease the risk for virologic failure and disease progression. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Malhotra, A., Whitley-Williams, P. N., Gaur, S., Petrova, A. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Beyond the Brain: The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Viroimmune Responses to Antiretroviral Therapy among People Living with HIV with and without Alcohol Use
Conclusion: Hazardous alcohol use was associated with BDNF alterations, which in turn were linked to a limited response to ART in terms of viral suppression and CD4 count improvements. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Miguez-Burbano, M. J., Espinoza, L., Bueno, D., Vargas, M., Trainor, A. B., Quiros, C., Lewis, J. E., Asthana, D. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Effects of Lifetime History of Use of Problematic Alcohol on HIV Medication Adherence
Conclusion: Results suggest that a history of problematic alcohol use may not impact ART adherence. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sharma, A., Sachdeva, R. K., Kumar, M., Nehra, R., Nakra, M., Jones, D. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Perceptions of Male Circumcision among Married Couples in Rural Malawi
Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is being suggested as an essential HIV prevention strategy in high-prevalence areas. These analyses reflect data collected from 360 married couples, 50% of which included a circumcised husband and the other 50% uncircumcised, in rural Malawi. Regardless of their circumcision status, men were more likely to perceive that being circumcised was less painful than having a tooth pulled, giving birth, and having malaria. Men reported having the same sexual pleasure regardless of the circumcision status, while women were 2.0 times more likely to report greater sexual pleasure with a circ...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shacham, E., Godlonton, S., Thornton, R. L. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Vitamin D Insufficiency/Deficiency in HIV-Infected Inner City Youth
Conclusions: A higher prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was found in our study compared to the previous large cohorts. However, patients who were prescribed TDF/EFV did not have lower vitamin D levels. Inadequate sunlight exposure in temperate latitudes and the cloud effect of the Great Lakes as well as large number of African American participants who live in the inner city area with poverty and poor diet may combine to explain these results. The effect of ARV medications on vitamin D may be washed out by the numerous other factors affecting vitamin D in our patients. Severe vitamin D deficiency seemed to b...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Poowuttikul, P., Thomas, R., Hart, B., Secord, E. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research