Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

HIV Status among Patients with Tuberculosis and HIV Testing Practices by Connecticut Health Care Providers
Knowing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status of persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is important for individual treatment and preventing transmission. This evaluation analyzed surveillance data and surveyed health care providers who care for patients with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) to understand the factors contributing to suboptimal levels of Connecticut patients with TB having a known HIV status. During 2008 to 2010, 208 (76.2%) of 273 patients had a known HIV status; 12 (5.8%) were HIV-positive. Patients who were more likely to have a known HIV status were younger (40.5 vs 54.6 years, P < .001) o...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Clark, I. T., Lobato, M. N., Gutierrez, J., Sosa, L. E. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Objectification and Quantification of the Cognitive Impairment from an Existing HIV Infection or HIV Encephalopathy Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
In this study, it is of interest to answer the clinically relevant question of whether magnetic resonance spectroscopy is suitable for the diagnosis of HIV encephalopathy. In total, 14 HIV-positive patients were investigated by means of localized 1H-NMR spectroscopy in the following locations: (1) the mid-parietal gray matter, (2) the parietal white matter (PWM), and (3) the frontal white matter. All patients had no other brain diseases, apart from the HIV encephalopathy. The clinical extent of HIV encephalopathy of each patient was investigated using the following tests: (1) an electroencephalogram, (2) a neurological exa...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Arneth, B., Pilatus, U., Lanfermann, H., Enzensberger, W. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

A Survey of a Small Sample of Emergency Department and Admitted Patients Asking Whether They Expect to Be Tested for HIV Routinely
Conclusions: Nearly a quarter of patients expected routine HIV testing. This finding should encourage a review of policies promoting HIV testing, especially within the ED. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: McAfee, L., Tung, C., Espinosa-Silva, Y., Rahman, M., Fatima, K., Clark, R., Wang, Z., Pearce, D. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Disseminated Mycobacterium sherrisii Infection in a US-Born, HIV-Infected Patient
This report indicates the clinical presentation along with the varying drug susceptibilities to the emerging M sherrisii. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lee, S. M., Myers, R. A., Singh, K., Kansal, S. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Salmonella Spinal Infection: A Rare Case in a Patient with Advanced AIDS
We present an unusual case of nontyphoidal Salmonella causing an epidural abscess and vertebral osteomyelitis in a severely immunocompromised patient with AIDS as well as a review of the literature. Salmonella vertebral osteomyelitis is exceptionally rare, and this is the first case report in a patient with AIDS. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Berngard, S. C., Miller, M. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Optimizing Treatment Switch for Virologic Failure during First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource-Limited Settings
We evaluated adult Nigerian patients with antiretroviral switch to second-line treatment with ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r)-based regimens due to virologic failure (confirmed HIV-1 RNA viral load [VL] >1000 copies/mL) during first-line antiretroviral therapy. Proportion of patients with VL >400 copies/mL and characteristics associated with nonsuppression during second-line treatment are described. Approximately 15% of patients (34 of 225) had VL >400 copies/mL at 1-year after treatment switch to PI/r-based regimens. In adjusted analyses, VL ≥5 log10 copies/mL at treatment switch (odds ratio [OR] 2...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Adetunji, A. A., Achenbach, C., Feinglass, J., Darin, K. M., Scarsi, K. K., Ekong, E., Taiwo, B. O., Adewole, I. F., Murphy, R. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

The Efficacy of a Computerized Assessment of Medication Adherence in Active Substance Users
Discussion: The VAS administered by ACASI is viable for measuring highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) adherence among substance users. Its benefits as a screening instrument may make it useful for both clinical and research purposes. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Newville, H., Sorensen, J. L. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Knowledge of and Interest in Using Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Thailand
Little is known about HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) acceptability among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Thailand. The authors recruited an online convenience sample of Thai MSM (n = 404) to assess the knowledge of and interest in PrEP. Less than 7% had heard of PrEP; however, 35% indicated interest in PrEP after an explanation of its possible efficacy. Regression modeling demonstrated that HIV knowledge and risk behavior, but not demographics, are significant predictors of PrEP interest. More information and education about PrEP is necessary and more research is needed to examine PrEP acceptability and to inform th...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sineath, R. C., Finneran, C., Sullivan, P., Sanchez, T., Smith, D. K., Griensven, F. v., Wimonsate, W., Stephenson, R. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Differences in Viral Load Testing Methodology May Play an Important Role in Optimizing the Initial Management of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women
(Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 17, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Michalik, D. E., Batra, J. S. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Controlling the HIV Epidemic with Antiretrovirals: IAPAC Consensus Statement on Treatment as Prevention and Preexposure Prophylaxis
In the context of emerging evidence related to preexposure prophylaxis and HIV treatment as prevention, an evidence summit was held in mid-2012 to discuss the current state of the science and to provide a platform for consensus building around whether and how these prevention strategies might be implemented globally. Health care providers, researchers, policy makers, people living with HIV/AIDS, and representatives of government authorities, donor agencies, pharmaceutical companies, advocacy organizations, and professional associations attended from 52 countries. An international advisory committee was convened to identify...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mayer, K., Gazzard, B., Zuniga, J. M., Amico, K. R., Anderson, J., Azad, Y., Cairns, G., Dedes, N., Duncombe, C., Fidler, S. J., Granich, R., Horberg, M. A., McCormack, S., Montaner, J. S. G., Rees, H., Schackman, B., Sow, P. S. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Evaluation of Longitudinal Clinical Outcomes and Adherence to Care among HIV-Infected Refugees
Discussion: Initially, sub-Saharan African HIV-infected refugees have comparable appointment adherence, ART use, and VL suppression to nonrefugees. Overtime refugees were less adherent to appointments and more likely to have postsuppression viremia. The support services provided to refugees early in care may be important for retention in care and treatment success. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Winston, S. E., Montague, B. T., Lopez, M. J., Delong, A., LeMarchand, C., Bedoya, A., Gillani, F. S., Beckwith, C. G. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Factors Influencing Adherence to ART: New Insights from a Center Providing Free ART under the National Program in Delhi, India
Conclusions: The modifiable factors most strongly associated with good adherence rates were higher current CD4 counts, patients' beliefs in ART, and positive mental health. These factors can be targeted by simple, practical interventions to improve and maintain high adherence levels. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Anuradha, S., Joshi, A., Negi, M., Nischal, N., Rajeshwari, K., Dewan, R. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Readiness, Trust, and Adherence: A Clinical Perspective
Conclusion: Research on readiness and trust are unlikely to yield useful results. Systematic, long term research on clinician-based adherence interventions must be done. A life-long process such as adherence to antiretroviral treatment is unlikely to be understood without having a long-term study of a cohort of patients taking these medications. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Grimes, R. M., Grimes, D. E. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Nonengagement in HIV Care: A Descriptive and Qualitative Study in Hospitalized Patients and Community-Based Analysis
Nonengagement in HIV care is a major clinical and public health challenge. To identify the risk factors and reasons, we performed (1) a retrospective study of patients admitted to the hospital with advanced HIV disease, (2) a prospective qualitative study, and (3) a population-based area-wide telephone interview. In the retrospective study, clinic care engagement was associated with age (43.9 ± 9.1 years vs 37.9 ± 7.2 years, P = .005) and improved from 23% to 44% (P = .03) after hospitalization. Survival was higher (93% vs 73%, P = .03) among those who engaged in care. Twelve inpatients were interviewed in th...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rao, K. C., Enriquez, M., Gantt, T. C., Gerkovich, M. M., Bonham, A. J., Griffin, R. G., Bamberger, D. M. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Non-AIDS-Defining Cancers in New Orleans
Conclusion: Malignancies were diagnosed at late stages in the majority of the cases, presented with worse outcomes, and had higher recurrence rates. The role of HIV and other viruses (Epstein Barr virus, human papillomavirus) and the potential mechanisms or pathways of oncogene activation also need to be clarified. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ruiz, M., Johnson, D., Reske, T., Cefalu, C., Estrada, J. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research