Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Fibrosis Progression in Paired Liver Biopsies from HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients without Prior Treatment of Hepatitis C
In this study, to estimate the annual rate of direct liver fibrosis progression, we used analyses of paired biopsy samples from HIV/HCV-coinfected patients without prior treatment of hepatitis and assessed the possible association of fibrosis progression with certain clinical variables. We evaluated 30 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, with no history of prior treatment of hepatitis C, who underwent paired liver biopsies. All patients were under antiretroviral therapy at first and second biopsies. The average annual progression rate was 0.13 fibrosis unit/year, with 36.7% of patients defined as progressors. Liver fibrosis progr...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Leite, A. G. B., Duarte, M. I. S., Mendes-Correa, M. C. Tags: Viral Hepatitis Source Type: research

Development of Severe Anemia and Changes in Hemoglobin in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Ugandan Adults Receiving Zidovudine-, Stavudine-, and Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Regimens
Conclusion: In this observational study, ZDV was associated with severe anemia compared to d4T or TDF; those receiving ZDV and TDF had smaller increases in Hb after ART initiation. We encourage publication of data on cohorts using TDF from Africa. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Parkes-Ratanshi, R., Katende, D., Levin, J., Wakeham, K., Heiner, G., Kamali, A., Lalloo, D. G. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Health Outcomes of Infants in a PMTCT Program in Kinshasa
The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with health outcomes of exposed infants in a PMTCT program in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Data were collected from January 2005 through December 2008 in 2 maternities in Kinshasa, DRC. The exposed infant’s health status was used as outcome. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify the determinants of infant outcomes. A total of 309 mother–infant pairs were included in this study. Younger maternal age, breast-feeding but weaning before the age of 6 months, and HIV testing of the child and a mother who is not sick were associate...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ditekemena, J., Matendo, R., Colebunders, R., Koole, O., Bielen, G., Nkuna, M., Engmann, C., Tshefu, A., Ryder, R., PTME-Glaser Group Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

A Peer-Led HIV Medication Adherence Intervention Targeting Adults Linked to Medical Care but without a Suppressed Viral Load
Conclusion: A peer-led medication adherence intervention had a positive impact among adults who had experienced repeated non-adherence to HIV treatment. A larger study is needed to examine intervention dissemination and efficacy. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Enriquez, M., Cheng, A.-L., Banderas, J., Farnan, R., Chertoff, K., Hayes, D., Ortego, G., Moreno, J., Peterson, J., McKinsey, D. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Prevalence and Pattern of Chronic Kidney Disease in Antiretroviral-Naive Patients with HIV/AIDS
Conclusion: In ART-naive patients, CKD is common, and low eGFR was associated with lower CD4 counts. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Adedeji, T. A., Adedeji, N. O., Adebisi, S. A., Idowu, A. A., Fawale, M. B., Jimoh, K. A. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes in Patients with Severe Mental Illness
A retrospective cohort analysis was performed to describe outcomes and retention in care on antiretroviral therapy (ART) of 53 patients with severe mental illness (SMI). Diagnoses were psychosis secondary to HIV (24 patients), psychosis not otherwise specified (12), mania with or without psychosis (9), depression with psychotic features (4), and schizophrenia and bipolar mood disorder (2 each). The median baseline CD4 count was 66/mm3 and viral load was 5.4 log10 copies/mL. Thirteen (25%) patients were lost to follow-up (10 within 6 months), 3 were transferred out, and 3 died. By week 96, 29 (85%) of 34 (64%) patients stil...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Karstaedt, A. S., Kooverjee, S., Singh, L., Jeenah, Y., Jonsson, G. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Factors Related to Sexual Self-Efficacy among Thai Youth Living with HIV/AIDS
This study examined the relationships between sexual self-efficacy and risk behaviors among 92 HIV-positive Thai youth aged 14 to 21 years. A questionnaire previously validated in Thailand measured sexual self-efficacy. There were low levels of sexual activity with 13 respondents having sex in the last 6 months. The sexual self-efficacy scales were inversely related to the risk behaviors of having sex, having multiple partners, and drinking alcohol in the last 6 months. The scores of the sexual self-efficacy scale and its subscales were significantly lower in those aged 17 to 21 than in 14 to 16. Sexual risk behaviors were...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Viseskul, N., Fongkaew, W., Settheekul, S., Grimes, R. M. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Differences in Clinical Manifestations of Acute and Early HIV-1 Infection between HIV-1 Subtypes in African Women
Little is known about the differences in clinical manifestations between women with various HIV-1 subtypes during acute (AI) and early (EI) HIV infection. In a longitudinal cohort study, clinical signs and symptoms among Uganda and Zimbabwe women with AI and EI were compared with HIV-negative controls; symptoms were assessed quarterly for 15 to 24 months. Early HIV infection was defined as the first visit during which a woman tested HIV antibody positive. Women who were HIV negative serologically but DNA polymerase chain reaction positive were considered AI. In all, 26 women were classified AI and 192 EI, with 654 HIV-nega...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lemonovich, T. L., Watkins, R. R., Morrison, C. S., Kwok, C., Chipato, T., Musoke, R., Arts, E. J., Nankya, I., Salata, R. A. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Hospitalizations in the United States among HIV-Infected Individuals in Short-Stay Hospitals, 1982 to 2010
Conclusions: Hospitalizations and days of care for HIV-infected individuals have decreased dramatically in recent years and at rates greater than for HIV-uninfected individuals yet involve some populations and affect certain hospitals disproportionately. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tai, M., Liu, T., Merchant, R. C. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Leishmaniasis as a Manifestation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-Infected Patients: A Literature Review
Conclusions: Commonly found characteristics included cutaneous involvement, regardless of Leishmania species; appearance of lesions unrelated to time of probable Leishmania infection; rapid recovery of CD4 count following HAART; and rapid progression. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Badaro, R., Goncalves, L. O., Gois, L. L., Maia, Z. P. G., Benson, C., Grassi, M. F. R. Tags: State-of-the-Art Review Source Type: research

Five Antiretroviral Drug Class-Resistant HIV-1 in a Treatment-Naive Patient Successfully Suppressed with Optimized Antiretroviral Drug Selection
We describe here a case of transmitted 5 drug class–resistance in an antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve patient who was successfully treated based on the optimized selection of an active ARV drug regimen. The value of baseline resistance testing to determine an optimal ARV treatment regimen is highlighted in this case report. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Volpe, J. M., Ward, D. J., Napolitano, L., Phung, P., Toma, J., Solberg, O., Petropoulos, C. J., Walworth, C. M. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Hemophagocytic Syndrome in the Setting of AIDS and Disseminated Histoplasmosis: Case Report and a Review of Literature
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is traditionally regarded as a rapidly progressive and often fatal illness. In patients with AIDS, HLH usually occurs secondary to opportunistic infections. Although popular guidelines exist for the diagnosis and management of HLH in general, no formal study has evaluated their applicability among adult patients who develop HLH in the setting of AIDS and opportunistic infections. The study reports on a case of HLH in a patient with AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis. Eighteen other previously reported cases of HLH in the setting of AIDS and histoplasmosis were reviewed. Majority o...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Subedee, A., Van Sickels, N. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Feasibility and Acceptability of Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Prevalence of Cryptocococcemia in Patients Attending a Resource-Limited HIV/AIDS Clinic in Malawi
Conclusion: A CrAg screening program was acceptable to new patients in a Malawian HIV/AIDS clinic. The CrAg prevalence for patients with CD4 count < 100 cells/µL and WHO stage IV was consistent with cost-effectiveness estimates. CrAg screening and treatment programs for patients living with AIDS should be expanded. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - September 16, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chipungu, C., Veltman, J. A., Jansen, P., Chiliko, P., Lossa, C., Namarika, D., Benner, B., Hoffman, R. M., Bristow, C. C., Klausner, J. D. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Outcomes in HIV/HBV-Coinfected Patients in the Tenofovir Era Are Greatly Affected by Immune Suppression
Conclusion: Mortality was high and most often unrelated to liver disease in this HIV/HBV-Coinfected cohort treated predominantly with TDF-containing HAART. Optimal CD4 counts predicted survival and the achievement of HBV virological end points. Tenofovir prevented liver decompensation but not HCC, which was the predominant cause of liver death. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Huang, A. J., Nunez, M. Tags: Viral Hepatitis Source Type: research

Dyslipidemia in ART-Naive HIV-Infected Persons in Nigeria--Implications for Care
Conclusions: A significant burden of dyslipidemia exists among ART-naive HIV-infected persons. Low HDL-C was the most frequently observed abnormality. The abnormalities related more with viral load levels than with CD4 counts. Dyslipidemia screening should be done in ART-naive HIV-infected persons. Simple healthy lifestyle changes should be emphasized, with other care given to those with the disorder. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kuti, M. A., Adesina, O. A., Awolude, O. A., Ogunbosi, B. O., Fayemiwo, S. A., Akinyemi, J. O., Adetunji, A. A., Irabor, A. E., Odaibo, G. N., Prosper, O., Taiwo, B. O., Olaleye, D., Murphy, R. L., Kanki, P., Adewole, I. F. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research