Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Patterns and Predictors of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Modification in HIV-1-Infected Adults in a Large Urban Outpatient Cohort in Nigeria
Conclusion: Modification to initial ART was common in this study. Further evaluation of the contribution of guideline changes on regimen modification and treatment outcomes is recommended. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Abah, I. O., Darin, K. M., Ebonyi, A. O., Ugoagwu, P., Ojeh, V. B., Nasir, N., Falang, K. D., Olaitan, O., Agbaji, O., Idoko, J., Kanki, P. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Use of Self-Reported Adherence and Keeping Clinic Appointments as Predictors of Viremia in Routine HIV Care in the Gambia
We followed 205 HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 weeks in a Gambian clinic, where routine viral load monitoring was performed. The 1- and 4-week self-reported adherence and timeliness in keeping to scheduled appointments were recorded at each visit. Seventy patients had measurable viremia between the 12th week and the 3rd year of therapy. Survival analysis of the first detectable viral load on therapy demonstrated an association with 4-week (hazard ratio [HR] 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-4.3, P = .001) and 1-week (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.3, P = .024) self-reported suboptimal adherence and...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Peterson, K., Menten, J., Peterson, I., Togun, T., Okomo, U., Oko, F., Corrah, T., Jaye, A., Colebunders, R. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

The Information and Motivation and Behavioral Skills Model of ART Adherence among HIV-Positive Adults in Mexico
Conclusion: Applicability of the IMB Model of ART Adherence in this setting is discussed. The IMB Model of ART Adherence offered promise in this population and could help tailor population-specific interventions to promote high rates of ART adherence. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Santillan Torres Torija, C., Villagran Vazquez, G., Robles Montijo, S. S., Eguiluz Romo, L. d. L. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Structuration Theory: A Conceptual Framework for HIV/AIDS Stigma
The continuing paucity of effective interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma is troubling, given that stigma has long been recognized as a significant barrier to HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support. Ineffectual HIV/AIDS stigma-reduction interventions are the product of inadequate conceptual frameworks and methodological tools. And while there is a paucity of effective interventions to reduce stigma, there is no shortage of conceptual frameworks intending to offer a comprehensive understanding of stigma, ranging from sociocognitive models at the individual level to structural models at the macrolevel. Observations h...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Misir, P. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Oral Cytology for HIV: A New Diagnostic Tool?
Conclusion: Statistically significant deviations from normal oral epithelium were found in the study conducted. With further research, oral exfoliative cytology may form a new, painless, inexpensive diagnostic method for HIV infections. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jagad, V. M., Shenoy, N., Ramapuram, J., Lewis, A., Srikant, N., Sarin, A. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

A Systematic Review of Nutritional Supplementation in HIV-Infected Children in Resource-Limited Settings
Conclusion: Periodic vitamin A supplementation is associated with reduced mortality. Macronutrient supplementation is linked to improved anthropometrics. More research is needed to determine how nutritional supplementation benefits this particularly vulnerable population. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: McHenry, M. S., Dixit, A., Vreeman, R. C. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Patient Access to Online Visit Notes: Perceptions of Doctors and Patients at an Urban HIV/AIDS Clinic
Patients living with HIV/AIDS face large societal and medical challenges. Inviting patients to read their doctors’ visit notes via secure electronic portals may empower patients and improve health. We investigated whether utilization and perceptions about access to doctors’ notes differed among doctors and patients in an HIV/AIDS clinic versus primary care setting. We analyzed pre- and 1-year postintervention data from 99 doctors and 3819 patients. HIV clinic patients did not report differences in perceived risks and benefits compared to primary care clinic patients, however, they were more likely to share note...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Oster, N. V., Jackson, S. L., Dhanireddy, S., Mejilla, R., Ralston, J. D., Leveille, S., Delbanco, T., Walker, J. D., Bell, S. K., Elmore, J. G. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research

Adrenal Insufficiency as a Result of Ritonavir and Exogenous Steroid Exposure: Report of 6 Cases and Recommendation for Management
Numerous cases of Cushing syndrome have been reported as a result of the interaction between ritonavir (RTV) and exogenous steroid medications. Another complication that frequently occurs is secondary adrenal insufficiency, which can be profound and has not been well described. Here, we report 6 cases of adrenal suppression caused by RTV and exogenous steroids, all of which required corticosteroid replacement therapy and 2 of which were severe enough to require hospitalization. These cases add to the body of literature on the dangerous interaction between RTV and corticosteroids and highlight the risk of secondary adrenal ...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Wood, B. R., Lacy, J. M., Johnston, C., Weigle, D. S., Dhanireddy, S. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

The Use of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Complex Antituberculous and Antiretroviral Drug Dosing in HIV/Tuberculosis-Coinfected Patients
We report 2 cases coinfected with HIV and tuberculosis (HIV/TB), requiring drug dose adjustments guided by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and/or serum drug concentrations. Case 1: Over the course of the 9-months of TB treatment, drugs that required increased doses due to low concentrations included efavirenz (800 mg), rifampin (900 mg), and isoniazid (450 mg). Higher drug doses were well tolerated until the end of treatment. Case 2: Over the 12-month course of TB therapy, drugs that required increased doses due to incomplete and/or delayed absorption were rifampin (1500 mg), moxifloxacin (800 mg), and ethambutol (1600 ...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Newman, M., Foisy, M. M., Ahmed, R. A. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Implementation of National HIV Screening Recommendations in the Indian Health Service
Conclusion: Policy and practice interventions such as ECRs and standing order/testing policies and delegation of screening are correlated with high HIV screening, are scalable across health networks, and will be used for improving other infectious disease screening indicators in such as STD and hepatitis C. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Reilley, B., Leston, J., Tulloch, S., Neel, L., Galope, M., Taylor, M. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Predictors of Mortality among Tuberculosis/HIV-Coinfected Persons in Southwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study
Conclusion: Mortality among TB/HIV-coinfected patients accounted for a considerable number of deaths among the cohort. Patients with cough at ART initiation and with poor functional status should be strictly followed to reduce death. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 8, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Deribe, K., Yami, A., Deribew, A., Mesfin, N., Colebunders, R., Van geertruyden, J. P., Woldie, M., Maja, T. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Neutropenia in HIV-Infected Kenyan Women Receiving Triple Antiretroviral Prophylaxis to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Is Not Associated with Serious Clinical Sequelae
Conclusion: More than half of KiBS women met criteria for neutropenia. The mild clinical experience of most participants with low ANCs supports that these values might be typical for this population and may not result in adverse clinical sequelae. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 8, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Iuliano, A. D., Weidle, P. J., Brooks, J. T., Masaba, R., Girde, S., Ndivo, R., Ogindo, P., Omolo, P., Zeh, C., Thomas, T. K. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Determinants of Survival in Adult HIV Clients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Lawra and Jirapa Districts of Upper West Region, Ghana
We describe the rate of death and identify the determinants of survival in a cohort of adults starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 2 hospitals in Upper West Region, Ghana. Kaplan-Meier model was used to estimate the survival probability after ART initiation and Cox proportional hazard model used to assess the relationship between baseline variables and mortality. A total of 91 clients who were initiated on ART in both hospitals participated in the study. Clients staged in the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage III/IV had a higher risk of mortality than those staging I/II (hazard ratio [HR] of 3.93). Hemoglo...
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 8, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Okyere, G. A., Alalbil, P. A., Ping-Naah, H., Tifere, Y. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Clinician Perspectives on Delaying Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy for Clinically Eligible HIV-Infected Patients
Conclusion: Reasons for delaying ART were consistent with clinical guidelines and were both patient level and structural. Providers may benefit from training and access to referrals for ancillary services to enhance their ability to monitor and address these issues with their patients. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 8, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Beer, L., Valverde, E. E., Raiford, J. L., Weiser, J., White, B. L., Skarbinski, J. Tags: Antiretroviral Therapy Source Type: research

Cervical Cancer Screening among HIV-Positive Women in Nigeria: An Assessment of Use and Willingness to Pay in the Absence of Donor Support
Conclusion: Willingness to pay for Pap smear by HIV-positive women in Enugu, Nigeria, is high. This has implication for the program sustainability. (Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC))
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) - May 8, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Dim, C. C., Onyedum, C. C., Dim, N. R., Chukwuka, J. C. Tags: HIV Clinical Management Source Type: research