Survival and tumor recurrence in patients with brain metastases treated by surgical resection with or without adjuvant whole brain radiation therapy
Conclusion
We found that adjuvant whole brain radiation was associated with decreased tumor recurrence and longer survival in our patient cohort. Location of the metastasis influenced recurrence and survival. Also, patients receiving prophylactic radiation may harbor tumors more prone to recur. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - December 23, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Treatment of resectable intrathoracic sarcomas: a single institution experience over twenty years
Conclusions
Our series is the largest published study of intrathoracic sarcoma which focuses on the survival benefit of adding RT, chemotherapy or both to surgery in resectable intrathoracic sarcoma. Our data suggest a potential benefit in local control and survival from adjuvant therapy, with the greatest benefit likely to come from combined CT and RT, though none of the results achieved statistical significance. As intrathoracic sarcomas are rare and histologically heterogeneous, larger collaborative studies are necessary to determine treatment efficacy and elucidate which histologic subtypes are like...
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - December 16, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Radiation emergencies: radiation-related brain and lung injury
Conclusions
We provide a guideline of the presentation, diagnosis, and management of these complications to function as a useful resource for healthcare providers. Furthermore, we review thedosimetric and volumetric parameters associated with such adverse events. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - December 15, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Long-term outcome of a phase II trial using immunomodulatory in situ gene therapy in combination with intensity-modulated radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer
Conclusion
The combination of immunomodulatory in situ gene therapy and IMRT with or without hormonal therapy is feasible, safe, and effective in the treatment of prostate cancer. The effectiveness of this combined approach was likely through enhanced cytotoxicity, antitumor immune response, and abscopal effects. This approach with long term follow up appears to provide better clinical outcome over historical controls. A randomized trial of this strategy is currently ongoing. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - December 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The prognostic value of pretreatment FDG-PET parameters in HPV-associated oropharynx cancer
Conclusion
Pretreatment SUVmax in the nodal volume is a simple parameter that retains prognostic value in the HPV-era. Increased PET activity portends inferior DFS and OS and may be used in conjunction with other known prognostic factors, to identify patients inappropriate for treatment de-intensification strategies in the future. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - December 10, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy for prostate cancer: two decades of research from preclinical to clinical trials
Abstract
The combination of radiation therapy and immunotherapy is a novel therapeutic approach for prostate cancer. Preclinical evidence has shown that ionizing radiation can have immunostimulatory effects. Ionizing radiation can also affect the tumor microenvironment, enhance infiltration of activated T cells, and trigger an inflammatory process. Together, the combined radio-immunotherapy can enhance cancer cell kill and stimulate the host immune system, providing improved local and systemic control as well as prolongation of survival. The goal of combining radiation therapy with immunotherapy is also t...
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - December 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The combination of radiation therapy and immunotherapy for genitourinary cancer treatment: rationale, current evidence, and prospects
Abstract
Targeted immunotherapy has emerged as a potentially effective systemic treatment for metastatic cancer in the past decade. However, a significant fraction of patients will either not respond or develop resistance to immunotherapy due to the immune-evasive properties of cancer. Radiation therapy can augment immunotherapy to modulate the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment and promote specific tumor targeting by the adaptive immune system. In this review, we will discuss the rationale for combining radiation therapy with immunotherapy and describe clinical studies using this combination strat...
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - December 5, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of postoperative radiation therapy in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma: a SEER analysis
Conclusion
This SEER review found no evidence of survival benefit for adjuvant RT for local ACC. A worsened survival for regional ACC suggests a selection bias toward use of RT in higher risk patients. Prospective studies of adjuvant RT in ACC are needed. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 26, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The Journal of Radiation Oncology is inviting investigators to submit their clinical trial proposals for publication
(Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 23, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Helical tomotherapy-based craniospinal irradiation: mature outcomes of a prospective feasibility study
Conclusions
Helical tomotherapy is an ideal platform for planning, verification, and delivery of supine craniospinal irradiation in clinical practice resulting in moderate, self-limiting, reversible acute toxicity and modest delayed toxicity. Patterns of failure and survival outcomes are largely dependent upon disease biology and are not any different compared to conventional techniques. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 19, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A phase II trial to evaluate single-dose stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) prior to surgery for early-stage breast carcinoma: SIGNAL (stereotactic image-guided neoadjuvant ablative radiation then lumpectomy) trial
This study will assess the toxicity associated with using a single preoperative dose of radiation as a replacement for standard adjuvant radiotherapy in breast-conserving therapy. Results of this trial will guide the design of a possible phase III study.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02212860 (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 19, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Combined radiotherapy and immunotherapy–a new promising treatment approach in oncology
(Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 19, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Function preservation and optimal outcomes—definitive chemoradiotherapy with multi-phase treatment planning for locally advanced sinonasal cancer
Conclusion
Definitive CRT or RT is feasible for very locally advanced or unresectable SNC. Local control is encouraging with acceptable treatment-related complications when treating with the described two-phase IMRT treatment technique. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Outcomes of symptomatic compared to asymptomatic recurrences in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)
Conclusions
In summary, OS is worse in GBM patients who present with symptoms at time of recurrence. This difference in survival is relatively large and should be validated in larger patient cohorts. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Quantitative assessment of target delineation variability for thymic cancers: agreement evaluation of a prospective segmentation challenge
Conclusion
Expert agreement for definitive case volumes was exceptionally high, though significantly lower agreement was noted post-operatively. Technique and dose prescription between experts was substantively consistent, and these preliminary results will be utilized to create an expert-consensus contouring atlas to aid the nonexpert radiation oncologist in the planning of these challenging, rare tumors. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 3, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
