Clinical outcomes with the MammoSite radiation therapy system: results of a prospective trial
Conclusion
APBI delivered with the MammoSite RTS is a feasible, tolerable, and effective treatment modality. Multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trials with a larger number of patients are required for verification. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - November 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Predictors of long-term survival for localized prostate cancer treated with high-dose IMRT stratified by NCCN 2015 guidelines in a community hospital setting
Conclusions
The outcome of IMRT for men with prostate cancer treated in a community hospital is comparable to that of published literature from academic institutions. NCCN 2015 risk stratification is prognostic for FFBF. Age at diagnosis was the only significant independent predictor of survival, suggesting that cancer-specific mortality is minimized after IMRT in localized prostate cancer. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - October 19, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The effect of dose and other parameters on outcomes in CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia
Conclusion
CyberKnife SRS achieved acceptable rates of pain relief and numbness that did not differ significantly based on dose and other factors in this cohort. A prescription dose of 60 Gy is reasonable to balance optimal pain relief and minimize numbness. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - October 17, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Ten-year outcomes for prostate cancer patients with Gleason 8 through 10 treated with external beam radiation and high-dose-rate brachytherapy boost in the PSA era
Conclusion
A combination of HDR brachytherapy boost and EBRT provides a high BED with high rates of disease control and excellent disease specific survival for patients with Gleason 8 through 10 prostate cancer even with iPSA up to 40 ng/ml. Hormonal therapy did not improve outcomes in this cohort of patients when the radiation dose was escalated with an HDR prostate boost. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - October 17, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Radiotherapy and the abscopal effect: insight from the past, present, and future
Abstract
The abscopal effect is a rare phenomenon in radiation oncology where radiotherapy has a therapeutic effect at a distance from the intended treatment field. This effect has resulted in dramatic clinical responses in metastatic cancer patients. Despite clinical reports describing this phenomenon for over six decades, the abscopal effect is still not well understood. In this systematic review, we summarize and review the clinical and preclinical data that have investigated the mechanisms of this effect and consider the potential of exploiting its use in cancer care. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - October 13, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Mitigation of normal tissue radiation injury: evidence from rat radiation nephropathy models
Abstract
Normal tissue radiation injury is a common complication of radiation therapy and is also a major concern after accidental or belligerent radiation exposure, and until recently, it was deemed untreatable. Both experimental and clinical evidence now show that radiation injury can be alleviated by agents started after irradiation but before manifestation of that injury (a therapeutic approach called “mitigation”). Mitigation of normal tissue injuries would improve clinical radiation therapy, and it will be an essential medical countermeasure for accidental or belligerent radiation exposures. In ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 25, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Predictors of clinical response to immunotherapy with or without radiotherapy
Abstract
Success with recent immunotherapies has resulted in previously unattainable response rates, as well as durable responses in diseases with historically poor prognoses. The combination of radiation therapy and immunotherapy has been a recent area of active investigation, with exciting results in a subset of patients. However, patient characteristics predictive of probable benefit from therapy and clinically meaningful biomarkers indicative of the early development of an antitumor immune response have yet to be identified. What is needed is a better way to predict which patients are likely to benefi...
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 19, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The role of combined radiation and immunotherapy in breast cancer treatment
Conclusions
This review provides an overview of the interplay between RT and emerging oncoimmunotherapy strategies and provides a biological explanation for their synergy in the treatment of breast cancer. More robust nationally funded studies are indicated. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 17, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Dosimetric comparison of volumetric modulated arc therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy for liver stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy
Conclusion
VMAT planning for liver SABR provided measurably higher levels of dose conformality compared with IMRT. An ipsilateral partial arc, single circumferential arc, or circumferential arc with added non-coplanar partial arc proved to be the most promising arc configuration in the majority of patients. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 15, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Review of textbook “Decision Tools for Radiation Oncology: Prognosis, Treatment Response and Toxicity” by Carsten Nieder and Laurie Gaspar (Editors)
(Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Radiation with immunotherapy: an emerging combination for cancer treatment
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (RT) delivered to solid tumors is well known to induce immunological changes within the local tumor microenvironment as well as elicit systemic responses that promote antitumor immunity. These immunomodulatory effects of RT are produced by multiple processes that include increased tumor-associated antigen release, enhanced immunogenic cancer cell death, and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, which ultimately promote T cell priming and activation. RT can also modify the tumor microenvironment to facilitate immune effector cell recruitment, maturation, and activation. Giv...
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Evaluation of low-dose fractionated radiation therapy as a chemopotentiator of gemcitabine in advanced pancreatic cancer: results from an international multi-institutional phase II trial
Conclusion
The use of LDFRT with systemic gemcitabine is safe, tolerable, and potentially effective. In advanced pancreatic cancer, where response rates with single-agent gemcitabine have been low, this chemopotentiation paradigm may improve survival among a poor prognostic patient cohort. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 11, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Volumetric modulated arc therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer: a treatment planning comparison with intensity-modulated radiotherapy
Conclusion
For adjuvant radiotherapy for differentiated thyroid cancer, IMRT resulted in better parotid sparing at the expense of longer treatment time. Otherwise, the tumor coverage is essentially the same between these two techniques. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A study of the factors affecting radiation-induced temporomandibular joint changes in post-radiotherapy nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
Conclusion
In post-RT NPC patients, the severity of trismus, expressed in MID, increased with the doses to the TMJ and post-RT duration. In addition, the joint disc thickness decreased with increased dose to TMJ. Keeping a reasonably low TMJ dose in treatment planning and longer-term monitoring of the trismus of post-RT NPC patients are suggested to ensure their quality of life. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - September 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Intraoperative radiotherapy and limb-sparing surgery in the treatment of primary, non-metastatic extremity soft tissue sarcoma
Conclusion
IORT in combination with oncologic resection of high-risk ESTS yields excellent rates of LC and limb salvage with acceptable morbidity. (Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Radiation Oncology - August 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
