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Integrated EpCAM-independent subtraction enrichment and iFISH strategies to detect and classify disseminated and circulating tumors cells
Application of tumor cell surface adhesion molecule Anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-dependent antibody capture, and intracellular cytokeratins (CKs)-dependent immunostaining strategies to detect disseminated or circulating tumor cells (DTCs or CTCs), is limited by highly heterogeneous and dynamic expression or absence of EpCAM and/or CKs in CTCs and DTCs, particularly in their capturing and identifying CTCs/DTCs shed from diverse types of solid tumor, thus being biased and restricted to the only both EpCAM and CK positive cancer cells. Moreover, heterogeneity of chromosome and tumor biomarker of CTCs/DTCs ca...
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - December 30, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Peter Lin Source Type: research

A shared mechanism of muscle wasting in cancer and Huntington’s disease
Skeletal muscle loss and dysfunction in aging and chronic diseases is one of the major causes of mortality in patients, and is relevant for a wide variety of diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer. Muscle loss is accompanied by changes in gene expression and metabolism that lead to contractile impairment and likely affect whole-body metabolism and function. The changes may be caused by inactivity, inflammation, age-related factors or unbalanced nutrition. Although links with skeletal muscle loss have been found in diseases with disparate aetiologies, for example both in Huntington’s disease (HD) and cancer cachexi...
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - December 14, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Michal MielcarekMark Isalan Source Type: research

KRAS mutant lung cancer: progress thus far on an elusive therapeutic target
The KRAS mutation remains the most common driver mutation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and confers a poor prognosis. Thus far, efforts to target this mutation over the last two decades have been unsuccessful. Over the past 5 years, many efforts to develop drugs that target the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK (MAPK) pathway have resulted in enhanced understanding of the KRAS mutant NSCLC and have provided optimism that this disease can be targeted. (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - December 14, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Saveri BhattacharyaMark SocinskiTimothy Burns Source Type: research

Benchmarks for ethically credible partnerships between industry and academic health centers: beyond disclosure of financial conflicts of interest
Relationships between industry and university-based researchers have been commonplace for decades and have received notable attention concerning the conflicts of interest these relationships may harbor. While new efforts are being made to update conflict of interest policies and make industry relationships with academia more transparent, the development of broader institutional partnerships between industry and academic health centers challenges the efficacy of current policy to effectively manage these innovative partnerships. In this paper, we argue that existing strategies to reduce conflicts of interest are not suffici...
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - December 14, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Eric MeslinJoshua RagerPeter SchwartzKimberly QuaidMargaret GaffneyJon DukeWilliam Tierney Source Type: research

Pediatric asthma and autism—genomic perspectives
High-throughput technologies, ranging from microarrays to NexGen sequencing of RNA and genomic DNA, have opened new avenues for exploration of the pathobiology of human disease. Comparisons of the architecture of the genome, identification of mutated or modified sequences, and pre-and post- transcriptional regulation of gene expression as disease specific biomarkers are revolutionizing our understanding of the causes of disease and are guiding the development of new therapies. There is enormous heterogeneity in types of genomic variation that occur in human disease. Some are inherited, while others are the result of new so...
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - December 14, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Sunghee OhHong JiDrew BarzmanPing-I LinJohn Hutton Source Type: research

Clinical potential of gene mutations in lung cancer
Lung cancer is the most common cancer type worldwide and the leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States. The majority of newly diagnosed patients present with late stage metastatic lung cancer that is inoperable and resistant to therapies. High-throughput genomic technologies have made the identification of genetic mutations that promote lung cancer progression possible. Identification of the mutations that drive lung cancer provided new targets for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment and led to the development of targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that can be used to combat the...
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - November 24, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Miranda CarperPier Claudio Source Type: research

Plasma preparation to measure FDA-approved protein markers by selected reaction monitoring
Conclusions: It was shown that commercially designed SRM kits are suitable for SRM detection of well-established plasma/serum biomarkers. (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - October 15, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Olga KiselevaYulia RomashovaNatalia MoskalevaNatalia PetushkovaNadezhda TeryaevaArtem BelyaevAndrey Lisitsa Source Type: research

Long-term effect of respiratory training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at an outpatient clinic: a randomised controlled trial
Conclusion: Long-term RT can improve lung function and activity tolerance while decreasing the frequency of acute exacerbation for COPD patients. (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - October 12, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Fang XiZheng WangYong QiRichard BrightwellPeter RobertsAngus StewartMoira SimWei Wang Source Type: research

Challenges, progress, and new directions in stem cell therapies: a new section launched in Clinical and Translational Medicine
No description available (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - September 16, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Mariusz RatajczakXiangdong Wang Source Type: research

In Memoriam: Professor Laurentiu M. Popescu (1944–2015)
No description available (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - September 10, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Catalin ManoleDragos Cretoiu Source Type: research

The development of precision medicine in clinical practice
Precision medicine allows a dramatic expansion of biological data, while there is still an urgent need to understand and insight the exact meaning of those data to human health and disease. This has led to an increasing wealth of data unanalyzed. The concept of precision medicine is about the customization of healthcare, with decisions and practices tailored to an individual patient based on their intrinsic biology in addition to clinical “signs and symptoms”. Construction of a standardized model for the integration of data from various platforms is the central mission of the ‘New Disease Management Model’. The mod...
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - August 25, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Mingyan HeJinglin XiaMohamed ShehabXiangdong Wang Source Type: research

Semi-automated biobank sample processing with a 384 high density sample tube robot used in cancer and cardiovascular studies
Conclusions: Our novel biobanking workflow process is robust and well suited for clinical studies. (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - August 14, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Johan MalmHenrik LindbergDavid ErlingeRoger AppelqvistMaria YakovlevaCharlotte WelinderErik SteinfelderThomas FehnigerGyörgy Marko-Varga Source Type: research

Inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its role in cardiovascular disease and lung cancer
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by lung inflammation that persists after smoking cessation. This inflammation is heterogeneous but the key inflammatory cell types involved are macrophages, neutrophils and T cells. Other lung cells may also produce inflammatory mediators, particularly the epithelial cells. The main inflammatory mediators include tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, reactive oxygen species and proteases. COPD is also associated with systemic inflammation and there is a markedly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (particularly coronary artery disease) ...
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - July 29, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Paul King Source Type: research

Towards pathway-centric cancer therapies via pharmacogenomic profiling analysis of ERK signalling pathway
Conclusions: Our study provides a holistic view of factors influencing drug sensitivity and sheds light on pathway-centric cancer therapies. (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - July 28, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Haiyun WangXiaoqi ZhengTeng FeiJinzeng WangXujuan LiYin LiuFan Zhang Source Type: research

A proteomic profiling of laser-microdissected lung adenocarcinoma cells of early lepidic-types
Conclusions: The proteomic profiles obtained in this study demonstrated the technical feasibility to elucidate protein candidates differentially expressed in FFPE tissues of LPIA. Our results may provide candidates of disease-oriented proteins which may be related to mechanisms of the early-stage progression of lung adenocarcinoma. (Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Translational Medicine - July 3, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Yasufumi KatoHaruhiko NakamuraHiromasa TojoMasaharu NomuraToshitaka NagaoTakeshi KawamuraTatsuhiko KodamaTatsuo OhiraNorihiko IkedaThomas FehnigerGyörgy Marko-VargaToshihide NishimuraHarubumi Kato Source Type: research