TRIM38 regulates NF- κB activation through TAB2 degradation in osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation
In this study, we report the involvement of TRIM38 in osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation. Overexpression of TRIM38, in osteoclast precursor cells, attenuated receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation, RANKL-triggered NF- κB activation, and expression of osteoclast marker genes, such as NFATc1, osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP); and down-regulation of TRIM38 expression showed the opposite effects. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 10, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kabsun Kim, Jung Ha Kim, Inyoung Kim, Semun Seong, Nacksung Kim Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Identification of asymptomatic frailty vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women
Vertebral fractures are associated with persistent pain, disability and mortality. However, around two thirds of women with vertebral fractures are unaware of them. We aimed to analyze which factors could mostly be associated to the presence of vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women, and evaluate the effectiveness of current screening criteria for the detection of vertebral fractures in an outpatient setting. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 9, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: S. Pizzato, C. Trevisan, P. Lucato, G. Girotti, M. Mazzochin, B.M. Zanforlini, G. Bano, F. Piovesan, A. Bertocco, F. Zoccarato, M. Dianin, E. Manzato, G. Sergi Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Association of High-resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-pQCT) bone microarchitectural parameters with previous clinical fracture in older men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study
High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) assesses both volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and trabecular and cortical microarchitecture. However, studies of the association of HR-pQCT parameters with fracture history have been small, predominantly limited to postmenopausal women, often performed limited adjustment for potential confounders including for BMD, and infrequently assessed strength or failure measures. We used data from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study, a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling men aged ≥65 years, to evaluate the association of distal rad...
Source: Bone - May 8, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Howard A. Fink, Lisa Langsetmo, Tien N. Vo, Eric S. Orwoll, John T. Schousboe, Kristine E. Ensrud, the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Selective inhibition of Src family kinases by SU6656 increases bone mass by uncoupling bone formation from resorption in mice
Mice deficient in the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src exhibit high bone mass due to impaired bone resorption and increased bone formation. Although several Src family kinase inhibitors inhibit bone resorption in vivo, they display variable effects on bone formation. SU6656 is a selective Src family kinase inhibitor with weaker activity towards the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Abl and receptor tyrosine kinases which are required for appropriate osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and function. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 8, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Cyril Thouverey, Serge Ferrari, Joseph Caverzasio Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Osteocytic perilacunar/canalicular turnover in hemodialysis patients with high and low serum PTH levels
Osteocytic perilacunar/canalicular turnover in hemodialysis patients has not yet been reported. Osteocyte lacunae in lamellar bone and woven bone were classified as eroded surface-, osteoid surface-, and quiescent surface-predominant osteocyte lacunae (ES-Lc, OS-Lc, QS-Lc, respectively) in 55 hemodialysis patients with either high- (n = 45) or low- (n = 10) parathyroid hormone levels, and 19 control subjects without chronic kidney disease. We calculated the area and number of ES-Lc, OS-Lc, and QS-Lc. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 5, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Aiji Yajima, Ken Tsuchiya, David B. Burr, Daniel E. Minner, Keith W. Condon, Caroline A. Miller, Shigeru Satoh, Masaaki Inaba, Takashi Nakayama, Tatsuhiko Tanizawa, Akemi Ito, Kosaku Nitta Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Age-related changes in female mouse cortical bone microporosity
Osteocyte lacunae are small cavities within the bone matrix. Their dimensions and spatial arrangement affect bone mechanical properties. Furthermore, their size and shape affect the strain in bone tissue close to the lacunae; hence, they are supposed to affect the mechanosensory function of the osteocytes residing in the lacunae. It was the purpose of this study to quantify the morphological features of osteocyte lacunae, whether these are affected by aging and whether these vary among different anatomical location. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 5, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Haniyeh Hemmatian, Micha ël R. Laurent, Astrid D. Bakker, Dirk Vanderschueren, Jenneke Klein-Nulend, G. Harry van Lenthe Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Relationships between human cortical bone toughness and collagen cross-links on paired anatomical locations
Human cortical bone fracture processes depend on the internal porosity network down to the lacunar length scale. Recent results show that at the collagen scale, the maturation of collagen cross-links may have a negative influence on bone mechanical behavior. While the effect of pentosidine on human cortical bone toughness has been studied, the influence of mature and immature enzymatic cross-links has only been studied in relation to strength and work of fracture. Moreover, these relationships have not been studied on different paired anatomical locations. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 3, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: R émy Gauthier, Hélène Follet, Max Langer, Evelyne Gineyts, Frédéric Rongiéras, Françoise Peyrin, David Mitton Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Regional variation of bone density, microarchitectural parameters, and elastic moduli in the ultradistal tibia of young black and white men and women
Whole-bone analyses can obscure regional heterogeneities in bone characteristics. Quantifying these heterogeneities might improve our understanding of the etiology of injuries, such as lower-extremity stress fractures. Here, we performed regional analyses of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography images of the ultradistal tibia in young, healthy subjects (age range, 18 to 30 years). We quantified bone characteristics across four regional sectors of the tibia for the following datasets: white women (n = 50), black women (n = 51), white men (n = 50), black men (n = 34), and all subject...
Source: Bone - May 3, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Ginu Unnikrishnan, Chun Xu, Kristin L. Popp, Julie M. Hughes, Amy Yuan, Katelyn I. Guerriere, Signe Caksa, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Mary L. Bouxsein, Jaques Reifman Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
The osteoblast: Linking glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and hyperglycaemia? A post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial
Glucocorticoids (GCs) induce osteoporosis predominantly by inhibiting osteoblast activity. We hypothesised that osteoblastic factors could also be linked to GC-induced adverse metabolic effects. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 2, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Erik J.M. van Bommel, Renate T. de Jongh, Myrte Brands, Annemieke C. Heijboer, Martin den Heijer, Mireille J. Serlie, Daniel H. van Raalte Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Prevalence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw-like lesions is increased in a chemotherapeutic dose-dependent manner in mice
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) worsens oral health-related quality of life. Most BRONJ occurs in multiple myeloma or metastatic breast cancer patients treated with bisphosphonate/chemotherapeutic combination therapies. Cyclophosphamide (CY), an alkylating chemotherapeutic drug, is used to treat multiple myeloma, although its use has been recently reduced. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of CY dose on tooth extraction socket healing when CY is used with or without bisphosphonate in mice. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - May 2, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Shinichiro Kuroshima, Muneteru Sasaki, Kazunori Nakajima, Saki Tamaki, Hiroki Hayano, Takashi Sawase Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
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Source: Bone - April 27, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Changes in tibial bone microarchitecture in female recruits in response to 8 weeks of U.S. Army Basic Combat Training
U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) is a physically-demanding program at the start of military service. Whereas animal studies have shown that increased mechanical loading rapidly alters bone structure, there is limited evidence of changes in bone density and structure in humans exposed to a brief period of unaccustomed physical activity. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 27, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Julie M. Hughes, Erin Gaffney-Stomberg, Katelyn I. Guerriere, Kathryn M. Taylor, Kristin L. Popp, Chun Xu, Ginu Unnikrishnan, Jeffery S. Staab, Ronald W. Matheny, James P. McClung, Jaques Reifman, Mary L. Bouxsein Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
An osteopenic/osteoporotic phenotype delays alveolar bone repair
The objective of this study was to assess how an osteopenic/osteoporotic phenotype affected the rate of new alveolar bone formation. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 25, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Chih-Hao Chen, Liao Wang, U. Serdar Tulu, Masaki Arioka, Melika Maghazeh Moghim, Benjamin Salmon, Chien-Tzung Chen, Waldemar Hoffmann, Jessica Gilgenbach, John B. Brunski, Jill A. Helms Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Imaging methods used to study mouse and human HSC niches: Current and emerging technologies
Bone marrow contains numerous different cell types arising from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and non-hematopoietic mesenchymal/skeletal stem cells, in addition to other cell types such as endothelial cells- these non-hematopoietic cells are commonly referred to as stromal cells or microenvironment cells. HSC function is intimately linked to complex signals integrated by their niches, formed by combinations of hematopoietic and stromal cells. Studies of hematopoietic cells have been significantly advanced by flow cytometry methods, enabling the quantitation of each cell type in normal and perturbed situations, in additio...
Source: Bone - April 25, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Gavin Tjin, Eugenia Flores-Figueroa, Delfim Duarte, Lenny Straszkowski, Mark Scott, Reema A. Khorshed, Louise E. Purton, Cristina Lo Celso Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Evaluation of cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in volumetric bone mineral density in postmenopausal women using single- versus dual-energy quantitative computed tomography
Central quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is increasingly used in clinical trials and practice to assess bone mass or strength and to evaluate longitudinal changes in response to drug treatment. Current studies utilize single-energy (SE) QCT scans, which may be confounded both by the amount of bone marrow fat at baseline and changes in marrow fat over time. However, the extent to which marrow fat changes either underestimate volumetric BMD (vBMD) measurements at baseline or under-/overestimate longitudinal changes in vivo in humans remains unclear. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 25, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jad G. Sfeir, Matthew T. Drake, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Sara J. Achenbach, Jon J. Camp, Amanda J. Tweed, Louise K. McCready, Lifeng Yu, Mark C. Adkins, Shreyasee Amin, Sundeep Khosla Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
