Overexpression of DNMT1 leads to hypermethylation of H19 promoter and inhibition of Erk signaling pathway in disuse osteoporosis
Disuse osteoporosis (DOP) is a common complication of the lack of mechanical loading. The precise mechanism underlying DOP remains unknown, although epigenetic modifications may be a major cause. Recently, cumulative research has revealed that DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) proteins can catalyze the conversion of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (5mC), altering the epigenetic state of DNA. Here, we report that DNMT1 expression and lncRNA-H19 methylation are upregulated in the femoral tissues of DOP rats, accompanied with inhibited Erk signaling pathway. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 16, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Bing Li, Jie Zhao, Jian-xiong Ma, Guo-min Li, Yang Zhang, Guo-sheng Xing, Jun Liu, Xin-long Ma Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Fracture liaison services improve outcomes of patients with osteoporosis-related fractures: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the outcomes of patients with osteoporosis-related fractures managed through fracture liaison services (FLS) programs. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 16, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Chih-Hsing Wu, Shih-Te Tu, Yin-Fan Chang, Ding-Cheng Chan, Jui-Teng Chien, Chih-Hsueh Lin, Sonal Singh, Manikanta Dasari, Jung-Fu Chen, Keh-Sung Tsai Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Bone histomorphometry in transiliac biopsies from 48 normal, healthy men
The objective of this work is to present static and dynamic bone histomorphometry data from transilial bone biopsies performed on 48 healthy males, evenly distributed between ages 45 and 75. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 16, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Robert R. Recker, Mohammed K. Akhter, Joan M. Lappe, Patrice Watson Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Erythropoiesis, EPO, macrophages, and bone
The regulation of erythropoiesis in the bone marrow microenvironment is a carefully orchestrated process that is dependent upon both systemic and local cues. Systemic erythropoietin (EPO) production by renal interstitial cells plays a critical role in maintaining erythropoietic homeostasis. In addition, there is increasing clinical and preclinical data linking changes in EPO and erythropoiesis to altered skeletal homeostasis, suggesting a functional relationship between the regulation of erythropoiesis and bone homeostasis. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Joshua T. Eggold, Erinn B. Rankin Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Effects of FKBP12 and type II BMP receptors on signal transduction by ALK2 activating mutations associated with genetic disorders
In this study, we characterized the ALK2 mutants R258G, G328V and F246Y, which were identified in patients with severe FOP, DIPG and unusual hereditary skeletal dysplasia, respectively. Both R258G and G328V were gain-of-function mutations, but F246Y was equivalent to wild-type ALK2. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Aiko Machiya, Sho Tsukamoto, Satoshi Ohte, Mai Kuratani, Mai Fujimoto, Keigo Kumagai, Kenji Osawa, Naoto Suda, Alex N. Bullock, Takenobu Katagiri Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Bone turnover markers after the menopause: T-score approach
Bone turnover increases at the menopause and is associated with accelerated bone loss. However, it is not known to what extent there is an imbalance between the processes of bone resorption and bone formation, nor whether it is the rate of bone turnover or the bone balance that is most closely associated with the rate of bone loss.We studied 657 healthy women ages 20 to 79 from five European cities (the OPUS Study) and divided them into two premenopausal age groups, 20 to 29 (n=129), 30 to 39years (n=183), and three postmenopausal groups 1 to 10years (n=91), 11 to 20years (n=131) and 21+ years since menopause (n=123). (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Fatma Gossiel, Hibatallah Altaher, David M. Reid, Christian Roux, Dieter Felsenberg, Claus-C Gl üer, Richard Eastell Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Erythropoiesis, EPO, macrophages, and bone
The regulation of erythropoiesis in the bone marrow microenvironment is a carefully orchestrated process that is dependent upon both systemic and local cues. Systemic erythropoietin (EPO) production by renal interstitial cells plays a critical role in maintaining erythropoietic homeostasis. In addition, there is increasing clinical and preclinical data linking changes in EPO and erythropoiesis to altered skeletal homeostasis, suggesting a functional relationship between the regulation of erythropoiesis and bone homeostasis. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Joshua T. Eggold, Erinn B. Rankin Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Effects of FKBP12 and type II BMP receptors on signal transduction by ALK2 activating mutations associated with genetic disorders
In this study, we characterized the ALK2 mutants R258G, G328V and F246Y, which were identified in patients with severe FOP, DIPG and unusual hereditary skeletal dysplasia, respectively. Both R258G and G328V were gain-of-function mutations, but F246Y was equivalent to wild-type ALK2. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Aiko Machiya, Sho Tsukamoto, Satoshi Ohte, Mai Kuratani, Mai Fujimoto, Keigo Kumagai, Kenji Osawa, Naoto Suda, Alex N. Bullock, Takenobu Katagiri Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Bone turnover markers after the menopause: T-score approach
Bone turnover increases at the menopause and is associated with accelerated bone loss. However, it is not known to what extent there is an imbalance between the processes of bone resorption and bone formation, nor whether it is the rate of bone turnover or the bone balance that is most closely associated with the rate of bone loss.We studied 657 healthy women ages 20 to 79 from five European cities (the OPUS Study) and divided them into two premenopausal age groups, 20 to 29 (n = 129), 30 to 39 years (n = 183), and three postmenopausal groups 1 to 10 years (n = 91), 11 to 20 years (n = 131) and 21+ y...
Source: Bone - March 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Fatma Gossiel, Hibatallah Altaher, David M. Reid, Christian Roux, Dieter Felsenberg, Claus-C Gl üer, Richard Eastell Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Fat-bone interaction within the bone marrow milieu: Impact on hematopoiesis and systemic energy metabolism
The relationship between fat, bone and systemic metabolism is a growing area of scientific interest. Marrow adipose tissue is a well-recognized component of the bone marrow milieu and is metabolically distinct from current established subtypes of adipose tissue. Despite recent advances, the functional significance of marrow adipose tissue is still not clearly delineated. Bone and fat cells share a common mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) within the bone marrow, and hormones and transcription factors such as growth hormone, leptin, and peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor γ influence MSC differentiation into osteoblasts o...
Source: Bone - March 14, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: C.P. Hawkes, S. Mostoufi-Moab Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Validation of a novel, rapid, high precision sclerostin assay not confounded by sclerostin fragments
Sclerostin is a 190 amino acid protein secreted primarily by osteocytes. It was initially identified due to mutations in the SOST gene associated with high bone mass phenotypes. Much recent work has sought to determine the importance of sclerostin across an array of conditions which affect the human skeleton. However, accurate measurement of sclerostin from serum and plasma sources remains a significant impediment, with currently available commercial assays showing marked differences in measured sclerostin values. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 14, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Matthew T. Drake, Jennifer S. Fenske, Frank A. Blocki, Claudia Zierold, Natasha Appelman-Dijkstra, Socrates Papapoulos, Sundeep Khosla Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Fat-bone interaction within the bone marrow milieu: Impact on hematopoiesis and systemic energy metabolism
The relationship between fat, bone and systemic metabolism is a growing area of scientific interest. Marrow adipose tissue is a well-recognized component of the bone marrow milieu and is metabolically distinct from current established subtypes of adipose tissue. Despite recent advances, the functional significance of marrow adipose tissue is still not clearly delineated. Bone and fat cells share a common mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) within the bone marrow, and hormones and transcription factors such as growth hormone, leptin, and peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor γ influence MSC differentiation into osteoblasts o...
Source: Bone - March 14, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: C.P. Hawkes, S. Mostoufi-Moab Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Validation of a novel, rapid, high precision sclerostin assay not confounded by sclerostin fragments
Sclerostin is a 190 amino acid protein secreted primarily by osteocytes. It was initially identified due to mutations in the SOST gene associated with high bone mass phenotypes. Much recent work has sought to determine the importance of sclerostin across an array of conditions which affect the human skeleton. However, accurate measurement of sclerostin from serum and plasma sources remains a significant impediment, with currently available commercial assays showing marked differences in measured sclerostin values. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 14, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Matthew T. Drake, Jennifer S. Fenske, Frank A. Blocki, Claudia Zierold, Natasha Appelman-Dijkstra, Socrates Papapoulos, Sundeep Khosla Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Bone marrow adiposity and multiple myeloma
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is an incurable haematological malignancy and is the second most common blood cancer in adults; it is caused by the clonal expansion of abnormal plasma cells within the bone marrow and characterized by osteolytic bone lesions, bone pain, renal disease, and immunodeficiency. MM cells infiltrate the bone marrow where they hijack the microenvironment to sustain growth and survival. The contribution to this process by resident bone cells is well defined. However, the role of bone marrow adipocytes is less clear. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 13, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Emma V. Morris, Claire M. Edwards Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Bone marrow adiposity and multiple myeloma
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is an incurable haematological malignancy and is the second most common blood cancer in adults; it is caused by the clonal expansion of abnormal plasma cells within the bone marrow characterized by osteolytic bone lesions, bone pain, renal disease, and immunodeficiency. MM cells infiltrate the bone marrow where they hijack the microenvironment to sustain growth and survival. The contribution to this process by resident bone cells is well defined. However, the role of bone marrow adipocytes is less clear. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 13, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Emma V. Morris, Claire M. Edwards Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
