CT of Congenital Lung Malformations in Children: A Primer for Radiologists
Congenital lung malformations (CLM) comprise a heterogeneous group of cystic and non-cystic lesions affecting the pulmonary parenchyma, arterial supply, and venous drainage.1 CLMs have an annual incidence of approximately 30 –42/100,000.1–3 CLMs vary greatly in their imaging appearance and clinical presentation, from asymptomatic to severe, resulting in perinatal death. Although conventional radiographs have a role in the initial screening and detection of CLMs, computed tomography (CT) is usually required for defin itive diagnosis, characterization, and surgical planning. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 7, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Abbey J. Winant, Anh-Vo Ngo, Grace S. Phillips, Edward Y. Lee Source Type: research
Letter From the Guest Editor: Advances in Computed Tomography Imaging
In this issue, the readers will get an opportunity to learn from experts on advanced computed tomography imaging techniques. A variety of topics ranging from dose monitoring, radiation dose reduction including in the pediatric population, dual-energy computed tomography, advanced applications in cardiovascular imaging, oncology, pediatrics, and trauma are discussed. The authors have attempted to be as comprehensive and practical as possible. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Puneet Bhargava Source Type: research
Practical CT Dose Monitoring: Current Tools and the Clinical Relevance
Radiation dose stewardship and safety is critical to the mission of every radiology department. Unfortunately, active management of radiation dose has been driven by occasional mishaps that have drawn the focus of both the public and the industry professionals. An effective dose monitoring program ensures patient safety without sacrificing clinical image quality, and facilitates protocol optimization, operation, and dissemination. The diagnostic task should be the foundation of every imaging protocol and the key to determining the appropriate technique parameters —and thus radiation dose—for an examination. (Source: Se...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Nathan M. Cross, David A. Zamora, Jeff M. Moirano, Michael N. Hoff, Kalpana M. Kanal Source Type: research
Strategies for Reducing Radiation Dose in CT for Pediatric Patients: How We Do It
Computed tomography (CT) is a widely available and powerful diagnostic tool. Its use in children has increased over the past 2 decades and is now a main contributor to pediatric medical radiation exposure.1 Of primary concern is the potential risk of inducing cancers in children from CT radiation exposure.2 Furthermore, children are considered more susceptible to the effects of medical radiation as their tissues are inherently more radiosensitive, and they have more potential years than adults to manifest the effects from radiation exposure. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Anh-Vu Ngo, Abbey J. Winant, Edward Y. Lee, Grace S. Phillips Source Type: research
Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Body Imaging
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is an evolving radiological paradigm founded upon near-to-simultaneous acquisition of CT datasets at 2 different x-ray energy spectra.1-4 Based on discrete photoelectric effect interactions, which are peculiar to the various chemical elements composing human tissues, DECT allows for qualitative and quantitative characterization of illuminated voxels.2 Of note, photoelectric effect interactions of tissues with the x-ray beam are largely dependent upon unique characteristics of materials ’ atomic number and binding energy of innermost shell electrons within the atomic atmosphere (ie, ...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Giuseppe V. Toia, Sooah Kim, Manjiri K. Dighe, Achille Mileto Source Type: research
Computed Tomography Advances in Oncoimaging
Oncology remains among the most rapidly evolving medical branches, with innumerable medical and technical advances in therapy happening every year. With the advent of molecular genomics and targeted therapy, we have now entered the era of personalized medicine and personalized radiology in oncology. Indeed, radiologists are now an integral part of the tumor board along with oncosurgeons, medical and radiation oncologists, and pathologists. In the past decade or 2, there has been a rapidly changing paradigm in both baseline staging and in assessing tumor response with a plethora of different proposed response criteria based...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Ashita Rastogi, Sharad Maheshwari, Atul B. Shinagare, Akshay D. Baheti Source Type: research
Blunt Cardiothoracic Trauma: Common Injuries and Diagnosis
Traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death for persons under the age of 44.1 Among causes of blunt traumatic injury motor vehicle accident remains the leading cause of death in the United States.1,2 Thoracic injury is the third most common cause of trauma, following head and extremity injuries. Thoracic traumatic injuries have a high morbidity and mortality and are associated with 25% of trauma-related deaths.2 Imaging plays an essential role in the evaluation of nonpenetrating (blunt) trauma patients, as many fatal injuries may not be apparent on direct physical examination. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Nupur Verma, Charles S. White, Tan-Lucien Mohammed Source Type: research
Letter From the Guest Editor: Advances in Computed Tomography Imaging
In this issue, the readers will get an opportunity to learn from experts on advanced computed tomography imaging techniques. A variety of topics ranging from dose monitoring, radiation dose reduction including in the pediatric population, dual-energy computed tomography, advanced applications in cardiovascular imaging, oncology, pediatrics, and trauma are discussed. The authors have attempted to be as comprehensive and practical as possible. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Puneet Bhargava Source Type: research
Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Body Imaging
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is an evolving radiological paradigm founded upon near-to-simultaneous acquisition of CT datasets at 2 different x-ray energy spectra.1-4 Based on discrete photoelectric effect interactions, which are peculiar to the various chemical elements composing human tissues, DECT allows for qualitative and quantitative characterization of illuminated voxels.2 Of note, photoelectric effect interactions of tissues with the x-ray beam are largely dependent upon unique characteristics of materials ’ atomic number and binding energy of innermost shell electrons within the atomic atmosphere (ie, ...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Giuseppe V. Toia, Sooah Kim, Manjiri K. Dighe, Achille Mileto Source Type: research
Computed Tomography Advances in Oncoimaging
Oncology remains among the most rapidly evolving medical branches, with innumerable medical and technical advances in therapy happening every year. With the advent of molecular genomics and targeted therapy, we have now entered the era of personalized medicine and personalized radiology in oncology. Indeed, radiologists are now an integral part of the tumor board along with oncosurgeons, medical and radiation oncologists, and pathologists. In the past decade or 2, there has been a rapidly changing paradigm in both baseline staging and in assessing tumor response with a plethora of different proposed response criteria based...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Ashita Rastogi, Sharad Maheshwari, Atul B. Shinagare, Akshay D. Baheti Source Type: research
Letter From the Guest Editor – Advances in CT Imaging
In this issue, the readers will get an opportunity to learn from experts on advanced CT imaging techniques. A variety of topics ranging from dose monitoring, radiation dose reduction including in the pediatric population, dual-energy CT, advanced applications in cardiovascular imaging, oncology, pediatrics and trauma are discussed. The authors have attempted to be as comprehensive and practical as possible. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Puneet Bhargava Source Type: research
Practical CT Dose Monitoring: Current Tools and the Clinical Relevance
Radiation dose stewardship and safety is critical to the mission of every radiology department. Unfortunately, active management of radiation dose has been driven by occasional mishaps that have drawn the focus of both the public and industry professionals. An effective dose monitoring program ensures patient safety without sacrificing clinical image quality, and facilitates protocol optimization, operation, and dissemination. The diagnostic task should be the foundation of every imaging protocol and the key to determining the appropriate technique parameters - and thus radiation dose - for an exam. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Nathan M. Cross, David A. Zamora, Jeff M. Moirano, Michael N. Hoff, Kalpana M. Kanal Tags: 53/3 July 2018 - Advances in CT Imaging Source Type: research
Strategies for reducing radiation dose in CT for pediatric patients: How we do it
Computed tomography (CT) is a widely available and powerful diagnostic tool. Its use in children has increased over the past two decades, and is now a main contributor to pediatric medical radiation exposure.1 Of primary concern is the potential risk of inducing cancers in children from CT radiation exposure.2 Furthermore, children are considered more susceptible to the effects of medical radiation since their tissues are inherently more radiosensitive, and they have more potential years than adults to manifest the effects from radiation exposure. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Anh-Vu Ngo, Abbey J. Winant, Edward Y. Lee, Grace S. Phillips Source Type: research
Dual-Energy CT in Body Imaging
By illuminating materials with two distinct energy spectra, dual-energy CT (DECT) can provide qualitative and quantitative information regarding tissue composition. Over the last decade, tremendous advances in x-ray tube engineering and software development have spurred the resurrection of DECT. This phenomenon has been paralleled by an ever-growing body of research and incremental clinical utilization, especially in the area of body imaging.This review article discusses fundamental DECT principles, imaging reconstruction, and workflow essentials, as well as aims to provide the reader with an overview of most relevant abdo...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Giuseppe V. Toia, Sooah Kim, Manjiri K. Dighe, Achille Mileto Source Type: research
CT Advances in Oncoimaging
Oncology and oncoimaging are currently amongst the most rapidly evolving branches of medicine, with the concepts of personalised radiology and the role of the radiologist in multidisciplinary tumor board rapidly gaining ground. With the continuous advances in computing, artificial intelligence and machine learning, multiple exciting options are now available in post-processing and image analysis, useful in both lesion identification and characterization. We review the recent advances in oncoimaging, and their role in routine diagnostic reporting and research. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Ashita Rastogi, Sharad Maheshwari, Atul B. Shinagare, Akshay D. Baheti Source Type: research
