Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hepatic Abscesses
The infiltration of normal or diseased hepatic parenchyma by bacteria or microorganisms can result in a cavitated lesion, which is defined as a hepatic abscess. These microorganisms can enter into the hepatic parenchyma via the biliary system, hematogenously, or through direct contiguous spread from adjacent structures. In the Western world, pyogenic hepatic abscesses are the most prevalent form; in Southeast Asia and Africa, amebic hepatic abscesses are most common.1 Underlying biliary disease, comorbidities (eg, diabetes and immunocompromised states), and severity of hepatic involvement are prognostic indicators. (Source...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 20, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Komal Talati, Karen S. Lee Source Type: research
“Imaging of Spine Infection”
Spine infection may involve the vertebral bodies with or without involvement of the intervertebral disc (spondylitis/spondylodiscitis), the posterior neural elements, the paraspinal soft tissues and the spinal canal including the epidural space, the meninges, the spinal cord and the nerve roots.1–3 Bacteria are the most common causes of extradural and intradural extramedullary infection, while viruses are most frequently responsible for intramedullary infections.2 The incidence of spinal infection is 0.2 to 2 cases per 100,000 per year, with a peak in the sixth decade. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 20, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Carlos Torres, Nader Zakhari Source Type: research
MRI of Hepatic Abscesses
The infiltration of normal or diseased hepatic parenchyma by bacteria or microorganisms can result in a cavitated lesion, which is defined as a hepatic abscess. These microorganisms can enter into the hepatic parenchyma via the biliary system, hematogenously, or through direct contiguous spread from adjacent structures. In the Western world, pyogenic hepatic abscesses are the most prevalent form; in Southeast Asia and Africa, amebic hepatic abscesses are most common.1 Underlying biliary disease, comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, immunocompromised states), and severity of hepatic involvement are prognostic indicators. (Source:...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 20, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Komal Talati, Karen Lee Source Type: research
Imaging of Infections of the Urinary and Male Reproductive Tracts
Infections of the genitourinary tract in adults are the most common urologic disease in the United States, accounting for a large number of yearly office and emergency department visits. A broad overview of the pathogenesis and imaging features of both common and rare genitourinary infections is important because timely diagnosis and treatment is essential for favorable clinical outcomes. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 19, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Jennifer A. Steinkeler, Maryellen R.M. Sun Source Type: research
Imaging of Osteomyelitis of the Extremities
Osteomyelitis is defined as inflammation of bone, which is typically infectious in etiology. Bacteria can seed bone directly from an adjacent ulcer, through direct inoculation by penetrating trauma, or by hematogenous spread of infection from another source.1 Direct spread usually infects bone with multiple organisms. Staphylococcus aureus is most commonly isolated from hematogenous infections of bone.2 The infecting agent triggers an inflammatory response consisting of bony hyperemia, edema, and neutrophilic infiltration. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 19, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Usman Anwer, Corrie M. Yablon Source Type: research
Current Updates on Pediatric Pulmonary Infections
This article focuses on up to date review on pulmonary infections in children. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 19, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Abbey J. Winant, Gary R. Schooler, Nathan David P. Concepcion, Edward Y. Lee Source Type: research
Imaging of Infections of the Urinary and Male Reproductive Tracts
Infections of the genitourinary tract in adults are the most common urologic disease in the United States, accounting for a large number of yearly office and emergency department visits. A broad overview of the pathogenesis and imaging features of both common and rare genitourinary infections is important because timely diagnosis and treatment is essential for favorable clinical outcomes. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 19, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Jennifer Steinkeler, MD Maryellen Sun Source Type: research
Imaging of Osteomyelitis of the Extremities
Osteomyelitis is defined as inflammation of bone, which is typically infectious in etiology. Bacteria can seed bone directly from an adjacent ulcer, through direct inoculation by penetrating trauma, or by hematogenous spread of infection from another source.1 Direct spread usually infects bone with multiple organisms. Staphylococcus aureus is most commonly isolated from hematogenous infections of bone.2 The infecting agent triggers an inflammatory response consisting of bony hyperemia, edema, and neutrophilic infiltration. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 19, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Usman Anwer, Corrie M. Yablon Source Type: research
Pediatric Pulmonary Infections
Respiratory infection is the most common cause for hospital admission and the second most common reason for emergency room visits among children.1, 2 Viral, bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal pulmonary infections in children may have unique radiologic findings, distinct from adults. In addition, normal anatomic structures and neoplasms are common mimics of pulmonary infections in the pediatric population. The article focuses on up to date review on pulmonary infections in children. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 19, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Abbey Winant, Gary Schooler, Nathan David P. Concepcion, Edward Y. Lee Source Type: research
Image-Guided Treatment of Abdominal and Pelvic Abscesses
Many infectious etiologies may result in abdominal and pelvic fluid collections, such as diverticulitis, appendicitis, pancreatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as postsurgical states. These collections, usually diagnosed initially by computed tomography (CT) or ultrasound, were previously often treated with immediate surgery, which was frequently a complex, multiple-stage procedure associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. As a safe and effective way to treat these collections with minimal tissue trauma, diminished morbidity and mortality, and shortened hospital stays,1-3 percutaneous drainage has...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 17, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Diamanto (Amanda) Rigas, Olga R. Brook Source Type: research
Imaging of Obstetrical and Gynecological Infections
Infections of the female genitourinary tract are important because of their frequent prevalence in premenopausal women and the potential to cause recurring and deleterious effects on female reproduction. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is the most common female genital tract infection, though it is important to also be aware of postpartum, intervention-related, and other less-common infections. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 17, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Jawad S. Hussain, Diamanto (Amanda) Rigas, Olga R. Brook Source Type: research
Image-Guided Treatment of Abdominal and Pelvic Abscesses
Many infectious etiologies may result in abdominal and pelvic fluid collections, such as diverticulitis, appendicitis, pancreatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as post-surgical states. These collections, usually diagnosed initially by CT or ultrasound, were previously often treated with immediate surgery, which was frequently a complex, multiple-stage procedure associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. As a safe and effective way to treat these collections with minimal tissue trauma, diminished morbidity and mortality, and shortened hospital stays,1-3 percutaneous drainage has become much more com...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 17, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Diamanto (Amanda) Rigas, Olga R. Brook Source Type: research
Imaging of Obstetrical and Gynecological Infections
Infections of the female genitourinary (GU) tract are important due to their frequent prevalence in premenopausal women and potential to cause recurring and deleterious effects on female reproduction. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is the most common female genital tract infection, though it is important to also be aware of postpartum, intervention-related, and other less common infections. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 17, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Jawad S. Hussain, Diamanto (Amanda) Rigas, Olga R. Brook Source Type: research
Letter from the Editor: Imaging of the Liver
The Anglo-Saxon word for liver, lifer, suggests that the etymology of the word is somehow related to “life.”1 Further, the German word for liver is die Leber, and the German verb leben is “to live.” Hepar is the Greek term for liver and the source of words such as hepatic, hepatitis, and heparin (which was first isolated from the liver cells of dogs). Beyond the origin of its name there are numerous other interesting facts about the liver. Test your knowledge of the liver by answering the following questions. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - May 16, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Jannette Collins Source Type: research
