Pitfalls in Imaging of Female Infertility
Many women throughout the world face unexpected difficulty in reproducing. Infertility, as defined by lack of conception in a woman having regular unprotected intercourse for one year, has an worldwide prevalence of nine percent; fifty six percent of whom will seek medical care to correct the issue.1 In the United States, 6.7 million women, about 11% of the reproductive age population, have received evaluation and / or treatment for infertility.2 From 1996 to 2010 in the United States, the number of assisted reproductive technologic procedures for treatment of infertility doubled while the number of infants born as a resul...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - August 18, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Carolynn DeBenedectis, Erica Ghosh, Elizabeth Lazarus Source Type: research
Potential Pitfalls in Interpretation of Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Findings in the Thorax
18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is widely used in current clinical practice. Most of the PET/CT applications in the thorax involve the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules for malignancy, staging and restaging of oncologic patients, assessment of treatment response following therapy, and identification of residual or recurrent disease. These functions reflect the fact that cancer cells demonstrate increased uptake of glucose and glucose analogues such as FDG, as well as an increased rate of glycolysis. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 7, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Brett W. Carter, Sonia L. Betancourt, Chitra Viswanathan, Osama Mawlawi, Edith M. Marom, Mylene T. Truong Source Type: research
Potential Pitfalls in Interpretation of PET/CT Findings in the Thorax
18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is widely used in current clinical practice. The majority of PET/CT applications in the thorax involve the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules for malignancy, staging and restaging of oncologic patients, assessment of treatment response following therapy, and identification of residual or recurrent disease. These functions reflect the fact that cancer cells demonstrate increased uptake of glucose and glucose analogues such as FDG, as well as an increased rate of glycolysis. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 7, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Brett W. Carter, Sonia L. Betancourt, Chitra Viswanathan, Osama Mawlawi, Edith M. Marom, Mylene T. Truong Source Type: research
Pitfalls in Computed Tomography of the Aorta
The thoracic aorta is an essential part of any chest computed tomography (CT), whether the examination is performed for the evaluation of an acute aortic syndrome (AAS) (intramural hematoma [IMH], penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, or aortic dissection) or as part of an initial or follow-up oncology visit. Although many radiologists are familiar with the classic findings of the AASs, mimics of pathology can often lead to confusion.1-6 These mimics include technical artifacts and anatomical variants. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Whitney Manlove, Constantine A. Raptis, Sanjeev Bhalla Source Type: research
Multidetector Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography Pitfalls in the Evaluation of Pulmonary Embolism With Emphasis in Technique
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is considered the third most common acute cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction and stroke.1 Most preventable deaths associated with PE can be attributed to missed diagnosis, rather than therapy failure; thus, accurate and fast diagnosis of PE is important and greatly influences patient outcome.1,2 (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Diana Palacio, Marcelo F. Benveniste, Sonia L. Betancourt-Cuellar, Gregory W. Gladish Source Type: research
Pitfalls and Limitations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Staging
Computed tomography (CT), 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and minimally invasive procedures such as endobronchial ultrasound–guided fine-needle aspiration and mediastinoscopy have increased the accuracy of clinical staging of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Typically, CT is used to assess the anatomical extent of the disease and optimally evaluate the primary tumor, FDG-PET improves the detection of nodal and extrathoracic metastatic disease, and MR imaging can be used to evaluate tumor extension into the chest wall and bra...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Sonia L. Betancourt-Cuellar, Brett W. Carter, Diana Palacio, Jeremy J. Erasmus Source Type: research
Pitfalls in CT of the Aorta
The thoracic aorta is an essential part of any chest CT, whether the exam is performed for the evaluation of an acute aortic syndrome (intramural hematoma (IMH), penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU) or aortic dissection) or as part of an initial or follow-up oncology visit. Although many radiologists are familiar with the classic findings of the acute aortic syndromes, mimics of pathology can often lead to confusion 1–6. These mimics include technical artifacts and anatomic variants. Conversely, unusual aortic pathologies can also create a diagnostic dilemma. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Whitney Manlove, Constantine A. Raptis, Sanjeev Bhalla Source Type: research
Pulmonary Cement Embolism Presenting with Dyspnea
A 70 year old male with a history of metastatic prostate cancer and treated vertebral compression fractures complained of shortness of breath at a urology appointment. He was immediately referred for CXR and pulmonary embolism protocol CT. CXR showed several small tubular high-density opacities along the expected course of pulmonary arteries (Fig. 1). CT revealed cement deposits in segmental and subsegmental pulmonary arteries (Figs. 2a & 2b). No thrombus was identified. The patient was treated with a standard course of Lovenox and then Coumadin. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Girish S. Shroff, Ezinne Okwandu, Chitra Viswanathan, Mylene T. Truong Source Type: research
Pitfalls in imaging of the chest wall
The chest wall is a complex anatomic structure composed of many tissue types, presenting a challenge in both detection and diagnosis of disease. The spectrum of pathology involving the chest wall ranges from normal anatomic variants to benign and malignant diseases. Imaging plays a key role in evaluating the chest wall, whether pathology is discovered incidentally or when imaging studies are performed for diagnosis of a clinical problem. While radiography and ultrasound are often the first imaging modalities employed in the workup of chest wall abnormalities, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: John P. Lichtenberger, Brett W. Carter, Gerald F. Abbott Source Type: research
Pitfalls in Chest Radiographic Interpretation: Blind Spots
Latin proverb, attributed to Seneca the Younger (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Patricia M. de Groot, Brett W. Carter, Gerald F. Abbott, Carol C. Wu Source Type: research
Pitfalls and Limitations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Staging
Computed tomography (CT), ¹⁸F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and minimally invasive procedures such as endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EBUS-FNA) and mediastinoscopy have increased the accuracy of clinical staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Typically CT is used to assess the anatomic extent of the disease and optimally evaluates the primary tumor, FDG-PET improves the detection of nodal and extrathoracic metastatic disease and MR imaging can be used to evaluate tumor extension into the chest wall ...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Sonia L. Betancourt-Cuellar, Brett W. Carter, Diana Palacio, Jeremy J. Erasmus Source Type: research
Pitfalls in Pulmonary Nodule Characterization
Despite recent technological advances that enable high diagnostic accuracy for pulmonary nodule detection and characterization, numerous pitfalls exist that may result in misdiagnosis. This pictorial review outlines the most common potential pitfalls in the characterization of lung nodules that include artifacts in chest radiography, benign nodules that mimic lung cancer on chest CT, and causes of false negative evaluations of lung cancer with CT and PET/CT studies. Awareness of the spectrum of potential pitfalls in pulmonary nodule detection and characterization, including equivocal or atypical presentations, is important...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Myrna C.B. Godoy, Mylene T. Truong, Brett W. Carter, Chitra Viswanathan, Patricia de Groot, Jane P. Ko Source Type: research
Multidetector Ct pulmonary angiography pitfalls in the evaluation of pulmonary embolism with emphasis in technique
Pulmonary embolism ( PE) is considered the third most common acute cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction and stroke 1. Most preventable deaths associated with PE can be attributed to missed diagnosis, rather than therapy failure, thus accurate and fast diagnosis of PE is important and greatly influences patient outcome 1,2. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Diana Palacio, Marcelo F. Benveniste, Sonia L. Betancourt-Cuellar, Gregory W. Gladish Source Type: research
Pitfalls in Oncologic Imaging: Pericardial Recesses mimicking Adenopathy
The pericardial cavity is made up of multiple pericardial recesses. Fluid accumulation in these recesses can mimic a variety of abnormalities, including mediastinal or hilar adenopathy, mediastinal mass, bronchogenic/pericardial cyst, and aortic dissection. Knowledge of the locations and of the typical and atypical appearances of the pericardial recesses is of utmost importance in oncologic imaging because misinterpretation as adenopathy can alter radiologic staging and, in turn, patient management. (Source: Seminars in Roentgenology)
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Girish S. Shroff, Chitra Viswanathan, Myrna C.B. Godoy, Edith M. Marom, Bradley S. Sabloff, Mylene T. Truong Source Type: research
Imaging of the mediastinum: Vascular Lesions as a potential pitfall
Vascular lesions of the mediastinum comprise a myriad of disease processes, from abnormalities of the systemic and pulmonary arteries and veins to benign and malignant primary vascular masses. Although the presence of these lesions may be suggested initially on chest radiography, vascular abnormalities of the mediastinum account for only 10% of all radiographically recognized mediastinal masses 1–3. Therefore, the identification and characterization of vascular lesions using advanced cross-sectional imaging techniques such as multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are crucial to ensu...
Source: Seminars in Roentgenology - February 3, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Brett W. Carter, Patricia M. de Groot, Myrna C.B. Godoy, Edith M. Marom, Carol C. Wu Source Type: research
