Reversed polarity of the glandular epithelial cells in micropapillary carcinoma of the large intestine and the EMA/MUC1 immunostain
SummaryMicropapillary carcinoma of the colon and rectum is associated with an adverse prognosis. This tumour type displays reverse polarity of the tumour cells and is stated to be characterised by an inside-out epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)/MUC1 staining. Nine cases of primary colorectal carcinoma and one omental metastasis were studied by means of immunohistochemistry, using antibodies to detect EMA, MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC5AC, MUC6, CD10, CA125, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The inside-out pattern staining with EMA/MUC1 ranged from diffuse circumferential through focal and partial to negative, but in some cases CEA, ...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Quantitative score modulation of HSP90 and HSP27 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
SummaryWe sought to evaluate the expression of HSP27 and HSP90 chaperones in renal cell carcinomas as a target for cancer therapeutics.A total of 127 clear cell renal cell carcinomas stratified according to the Mayo Clinic SSIGN (size, staging, grading, and necrosis) risk groups (good, 1; poor, 5) and 20 cases with metastases, were available. Immunostaining for both HSP27 and HSP90 was performed on tissue microarrays. Results were detailed per scorable arrays per SSIGN risk groups.Immunolabelling for HSP90 and HSP27 was seen in 109 of 127 (86%) and 114 of 127 (89%) cases, respectively. HSP90 scored 4.9 in 32 cases risked S...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-1 (TRAF-1) expression is increased in renal cell carcinoma patient serum but decreased in cancer tissue compared with normal: potential biomarker significance
SummaryRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) generally has a poor prognosis because of late diagnosis and metastasis. We have previously described decreased tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-1 (TRAF-1) in RCC compared with paired normal kidney in a patient cohort in Australia. In the present study, TRAF-1 expression in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and normal kidney was again compared, but in a cohort from University Malaya Medical Centre. Serum TRAF-1 was also evaluated in RCC and normal samples.Immunohistochemistry with automated batch staining and Aperio ImageScope morphometry was used to compare TRAF-1 in 61 ccRCC with p...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Immunohistochemistry with the anti-BRAF V600E (VE1) antibody: impact of pre-analytical conditions and concordance with DNA sequencing in colorectal and papillary thyroid carcinoma
SummaryThe most common of all activating BRAF mutations (T1799A) leads to a substitution of valine (V) to glutamic acid (E) at the position 600 of the amino acid sequence. The major goal of this study was to compare detection of the BRAF V600E mutation by DNA sequencing with immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the anti-BRAF V600E (VE1) antibody. Archival formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues from 352 patients with colon adenocarcinoma (n = 279) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (n = 73) were evaluated for the BRAF V600E mutation by sequencing and IHC. The discordant cases were re-evaluated by repeat IHC, SNaPshot an...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
EGFR mutation specific immunohistochemistry is a useful adjunct which helps to identify false negative mutation testing in lung cancer
We present our prospective experience of universal reflex IHC and molecular testing in non-squamous NSCLC in the routine clinical setting.A total of 411 specimens from 332 patients were encountered over two years. Of these, 326 (98%) patients underwent EGFR IHC, 15 (5%) were positive for exon 19 deletions and 27 (8%) for exon 21 (L858R); 244 (73%) patients underwent molecular testing. Seventy-six mutations in 64 patients (19% of all patients encountered; 26% with sufficient material for testing) were identified. These comprised nine exon 18 (G719X) mutations, three also with exon 20 mutations; 24 exon 19 deletions, six als...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Increased apoptosis and secretion of tryptase by mast cells in infantile haemangioma treated with propranolol
This study investigated the molecular consequences of propranolol treatment for IH in vivo.Immunohistochemical and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining was performed on five age matched patients with proliferative IH. Two patients (A and B) were undergoing propranolol treatment at the time of surgical resection.Propranolol treatment increased apoptosis, and induced mast cells to degranulate and secrete tryptase into the interstitium. The microvessels of patient A were immature [weak von Willibrand Factor (vWF), and strong osteoprotegerin (OPG) staining], comparable to untreated pro...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Antiphospholipid antibody testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: a comprehensive practical review including a synopsis of challenges and recent guidelines
SummaryThe antiphospholipid (antibody) syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features, but primarily identified as thrombotic and/or obstetric related adverse events. APS is associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), including the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). These aPL are heterogeneous in nature, detected with varying sensitivity and specificity by a diverse range of laboratory tests. All these tests are unfortunately imperfect, suffer from poor assay reproducibility (inter-method and inter-laboratory) and a lack of standardisation and harmonisat...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Standardised reporting protocol for endoscopic resection for Barrett oesophagus associated neoplasia: expert consensus recommendations
SummaryEndoscopic resection (ER) is considered the therapy of choice for intraepithelial neoplasia associated with visible lesions and T1a adenocarcinoma. Pathologists are bound to encounter specimens collected via these techniques more frequently in their practice. A standardised protocol for handling, grossing, and assessing ER specimens should be adopted to ensure that all prognostic information and characteristics influencing treatment are included in reports (see Supplementary Video Abstract, http://links.lww.com/PAT/A22). The entire specimen should be appropriately oriented, processed and assessed. An ER specimen wil...
Source: Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
