Diagnosis of fetal growth restriction in perinatal deaths using brain to liver weight ratios
SummaryWe determined brain to liver weight ratio (BLWR) thresholds for fetal growth restriction (FGR) using autopsy information on 395 perinatal deaths comprising stillborn babies who died during labour and neonatal deaths. FGR was defined using two methods: (1) birth weight for gestational age (WGA) less than the 10th percentile; and (2) WGA less than the 10th percentile or discordant birth weight/length. The association between BLWR and FGR was investigated using odds ratios, and classification statistics were calculated for a range of BLWR thresholds. Using WGA, 84 cases (21.3%) were FGR and a further 15 cases (n = ...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
CXCL12 and CXCR4, but not CXCR7, are primarily expressed by the stroma in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
SummaryThe CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is involved in numerous models of metastatic dissemination, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We assessed the relative expressions of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7 in the stroma and the tumour of HNSCC, and evaluated the methylation status of the CXCL12 promoter.Snap-frozen, HPV negative HNSCC samples were micro-dissected to isolate the tumoural and stromal compartments. The expression levels of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7 were assessed by qRT-PCR, and the methylation level of the CXCL12 promoter was evaluated by pyrosequencing.In total, 23 matched tumour/stroma samples were analys...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Superficially located enlarged lymphoid follicles characterise nodular gastritis
SummaryNodular gastritis is a form of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis affecting the gastric antrum and characterised endoscopically by the presence of small nodular lesions resembling gooseflesh. It is generally accepted that hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles histologically characterises nodular gastritis; however, quantitative analysis in support of this hypothesis has not been reported. Our goal was to determine whether nodular gastritis is characterised by lymphoid follicle hyperplasia.The number, size, and location of lymphoid follicles in nodular gastritis were determined and those properties compared to samples...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Quantitative tumour necrosis is an independent predictor of overall survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
SummaryPrevious studies have reached conflicting results regarding whether tumour necrosis is a predictor of survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. In addition, studies quantifying the extent of necrosis are limited.The aim of this study was to determine if quantifying tumour necrosis could improve its predictive value for survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.We reviewed the clinical pathological information contained in The Cancer Genome Atlas for clear cell renal cell carcinoma and correlated it with overall survival using a Cox proportional hazard model. Necrosis was quantified on a single frozen section sl...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
IgG4 related sclerosing mastitis: expanding the morphological spectrum of IgG4 related diseases
SummaryIgG4 related disease (IgG4RD) is a recently recognised condition characterised by mass forming lesions associated with storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate rich in IgG4 positive plasma cells and elevated serum IgG4 levels. Although rare, mammary involvement has been reported as IgG4 related sclerosing mastitis, the morphological counterpart of a growing family of IgG4 related diseases. A total of 17 cases belonging to mass forming benign inflammatory breast lesions such as plasma cell mastitis, granulomatous lobular mastitis, non-specific mastitis and inflammatory pseudotumour wer...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Handling of radioactive seed localisation breast specimens in the histopathology laboratory: the Western Australian experience
SummaryRadio-guided occult lesion localisation using iodine-125 seeds (ROLLIS) is a novel method of localisation for impalpable in situ and invasive carcinomas that has been the subject of a recent pilot study and pilot study extension in Western Australia. Robust protocols for radiation safety, specimen labelling, specimen tracking, seed retrieval and seed disposal were developed at two Western Australian laboratories to minimise the risk of seed loss. The processes are safe and effective with no significant radiation exposure to pathologists and with acquisition of all seeds intact and undamaged. The success can be attri...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Practical issues concerning the implementation of Ki-67 proliferative index measurement in breast cancer reporting
This study sought to examine practical issues in the incorporation of Ki-67 measurement into breast cancer reporting.We conducted a prospective study of Ki-67 proliferative activity in 85 breast carcinomas in 70 patients. We considered whether dual staining with cytokeratin and Ki-67 was necessary to exclude background cells in automated digital image analysis (DIA) and how well a semi-quantitative assessment (SQA) method of Ki-67 proliferation and formal manual counting by two pathologists correlated with DIA.Our study showed good correlation between single and dual stained specimens by DIA (Spearman correlation coefficie...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Development and validation of a gene expression tumour classifier for cancer of unknown primary
SummaryAccurate identification of the primary tumour in cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is required for effective treatment selection and improved patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a gene expression tumour classifier and integrate it with histopathology to identify the likely site of origin in CUP.RNA was extracted from 450 formalin fixed, paraffin embedded samples of known origin comprising 18 tumour groups. Whole genome expression analysis was performed using a bead-based array. Classification of the tumours made use of a binary support vector machine, together with recursive feature eli...
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research
Institutional biobanking: an integral part of contemporary pathology practice
No abstract available (Source: Pathology)
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Active surveillance for prostate cancer: the role of the pathologist
No abstract available (Source: Pathology)
Source: Pathology - December 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Acknowledgement to reviewers
No abstract available (Source: Pathology)
Source: Pathology - November 17, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Acknowledgement to Reviewers Source Type: research
Congenital coronary anomalies are not uncommon and consideration should be given to screening first degree relatives
No abstract available (Source: Pathology)
Source: Pathology - November 17, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma of minor salivary glands
No abstract available (Source: Pathology)
Source: Pathology - November 17, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Endosalpingiosis in an axillary lymph node with synchronous micro-metastatic mammary carcinoma
No abstract available (Source: Pathology)
Source: Pathology - November 17, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Cytological features of pancreatic intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm and an unexpected immunohistochemical profile
No abstract available (Source: Pathology)
Source: Pathology - November 17, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
