Neuronal development: The source of the signal
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 324 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.64
Author: Sian Lewis
During embryonic development, spinal commissural axons extend towards the floor plate (FP), guided by the axon guidance molecule netrin 1, but the source of netrin 1 is a matter of debate. In the developing spinal cord, netrin 1 is expressed by FP cells and progenitor (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - May 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sian Lewis Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Learning and memory: A state to remember
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 324 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.63
Author: Sian Lewis
Memory formation requires representations of new information to be efficiently encoded by the brain memory network. Here, the authors used multivariate classification to determine encoding states that were predictive of later recall and those that were likely to lead to forgetting. In people with epilepsy (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - May 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sian Lewis Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Working memory: Keeping short-term memories alive
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 324 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.60
Author: Natasha Bray
Different interneuron populations modulate delay activity representing action plans in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - May 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Natasha Bray Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Brain ageing: A youthful reminder
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 322 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.59
Author: Darran Yates
A study shows that systemic adminstration of plasma from human umbilical cord counteracts ageing-induced impairment of hippocampal function in mice and identifies a key protein in plasma that confers such effects. (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - May 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Darran Yates Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Learning and memory: Consolidation circuitry
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 321 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.58
Author: Darran Yates
A new study in mice shows that memory engram cells associated with long-term memories form in the prefrontal cortex early during learning in a contextual fear conditioning paradigm and reveals details of the circuitry involved in long-term memory consolidation. (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - May 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Darran Yates Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive flexibility — linking memory and mood
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 335 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.45
Authors: Christoph Anacker & René Hen
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in cognitive processes, such as pattern separation, and in the behavioural effects of stress and antidepressants. Young adult-born neurons have been shown to inhibit the overall activity of the dentate gyrus by recruiting local interneurons, which may result in (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - May 4, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Christoph Anacker Ren é Hen Tags: Review Source Type: research
How and why do T cells and their derived cytokines affect the injured and healthy brain?
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 375 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.39
Authors: Anthony J. Filiano, Sachin P. Gadani & Jonathan Kipnis
The evolution of adaptive immunity provides enhanced defence against specific pathogens, as well as homeostatic immune surveillance of all tissues. Despite being 'immune privileged', the CNS uses the assistance of the immune system in physiological and pathological states. In this Opinion article, we discuss the (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 27, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Anthony J. Filiano Sachin P. Gadani Jonathan Kipnis Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research
Neural development: Keeping a lid on alternative fates
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 323 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.54
Author: Katherine Whalley
The transcription factor MYT1L contributes to the induction and maintenance of neuronal identity through the repression of multiple alternative lineages. (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 27, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katherine Whalley Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Progranulin, lysosomal regulation and neurodegenerative disease
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 325 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.36
Authors: Aimee W. Kao, Andrew McKay, Param Priya Singh, Anne Brunet & Eric J. Huang
The discovery that heterozygous and homozygous mutations in the gene encoding progranulin are causally linked to frontotemporal dementia and lysosomal storage disease, respectively, reveals previously unrecognized roles of the progranulin protein in regulating lysosome biogenesis and function. Given the importance of lysosomes in cellular homeostasis, (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 24, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Aimee W. Kao Andrew McKay Param Priya Singh Anne Brunet Eric J. Huang Tags: Progress Source Type: research
Navigation: Sounds like non-spatial navigation
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 322 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.53
Author: Natasha Bray
Neurons in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of rats manipulating the frequency of a tone exhibit 'frequency fields', akin to place fields seen during spatial navigation. (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 24, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Natasha Bray Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Dendrites: Probing plasticity
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 266 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.52
Author: Darran Yates
Two new studies provide new tools for examining mechanisms of plasticity in dendrites. Tang and Yasuda developed new fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensors for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase A (PKA), which are implicated in synaptic plasticity, primarily by replacing the fluorophore (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Darran Yates Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Neural circuits: Itch transmission
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 266 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.51
Author: Darran Yates
Humans exhibit socially contagious behaviours, including contagious itching, but studying the underlying mechanisms has been difficult. Yu et al. found that they could socially transmit scratching to mice by allowing them to watch mice with chronic itch. The observer mice showed upregulated neuronal activity (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Darran Yates Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Axon degeneration: A receptor for injury
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 266 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.50
Author: Darran Yates
Axonal injuries can trigger a process of axonal disintegration known as Wallerian degeneration, which is thought to be largely driven by intrinsic mechanisms in the axon. Here, knocking out the death receptor 6 (Dr6) gene in cultured mouse sympathetic or dorsal root ganglion (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Darran Yates Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Neurotransmission: Widening exocytosis
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 265 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.49
Author: Darran Yates
α-Synuclein promotes the dilation of the fusion pore of exocytotic vesicles in neurons. (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Darran Yates Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Genetic and activity-dependent mechanisms underlying interneuron diversity
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 299 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.30
Authors: Brie Wamsley & Gord Fishell
The proper construction of neural circuits requires the generation of diverse cell types, their distribution to defined regions, and their specific and appropriate wiring. A major objective in neurobiology has been to understand the molecular determinants that link neural birth to terminal specification and functional (Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience - April 6, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Brie Wamsley Gord Fishell Tags: Review Source Type: research
