Revisiting a poorly known powdery mildew species: morphology and molecular phylogeny of Erysiphe longissima
Publication date: Available online 11 March 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Penglei Qiu, Shurong Tang, Guanxiu Guan, Yu Li, Susumu Takamatsu, Shuyan LiuAbstractErysiphe longissima is a species of Erysiphe sect. Microsphaera endemic to China. Its asexual morph is poorly known and DNA sequence data are unrecorded since its first description in 1977. In 2016 and 2017, two powdery mildew samples with asexual and sexual morphs were collected on Caragana rosea at Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Province, China. The morphological observations suggested that the two samples belonged to E. longissima. To study the phylogenet...
Source: Mycoscience - March 12, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Deep-sea endemic fungi? The discovery of Alisea longicolla from artificially immersed wood in deep sea off the Nansei Islands, Japan
We report the discovery of the deep-sea fungus, Alisea longicolla on a wood log artificially immersed at 495 m depths in deep sea, off the Nansei Islands, Japan. Three different species of wood logs, whale bones and coconuts were deployed at approximate depths of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 5000 m. Densely colonised A. longicolla was found on the Ubame oak (Quercus phillyraeoides) wood log from the 500 m deployment site, which was collected 1302 d (about 3 y and 7 mo) after the deployment. Alisea longicolla was originally described as a new genus of deep-sea ascomycete within the family Halosphaeriaceae, ass...
Source: Mycoscience - March 12, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Myxotrichum albicans, a new slowly-growing species isolated from forest litters in China
Publication date: Available online 8 March 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Jing Liang, Boyang Liu, Zeyu Li, Wei Meng, Qinggui Wang, Lijian XuAbstractMyxotrichum albicans sp. nov. is a slowly-growing fungal species that was isolated from forest litters in northeast of China. The new species is morphologically characterized by its white colonies on CMA, PCA, PDA, and YMA, thallic conidiogenous cells, simple, catenate and hyaline conidia. Phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences also supported the placement of M. albicans as a new species in the genus Myxotrichu...
Source: Mycoscience - March 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
First successful isolation of Entoloma clypeatum species complex from basidiospores
In this study, we successfully isolated cultures of this fungal group via basidiospore isolation from tentative four Harushimeji species using modified Norkrans's C (MNC) medium and MNC medium containing n-butyric acid. Colony formations were observed on 22 of 25 basidioma samples; however, most exhibited slow and unsteady growth. The isolated mycelia contained dikaryotic hyphae and were identified through molecular phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region of fungal ribosomal RNA. Six isolates showing steady growth were deposited in the fungal culture collection of the Fungus/Mushroom Resource and Re...
Source: Mycoscience - March 6, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Two new records of ascomycetes from Japan, Pyrenopeziza protrusa and P. nervicola (Helotiales, Dermateaceae sensu lato)
This study clarified that P. protrusa morphologically differs from P. nervicola in (1) more protruded outermost cells in ectal excipulum, (2) smaller ascospores, and (3) longer and thinner asci. Pyrenopeziza protrusa produces chlamydospore-like brown cells under culture while P. nervicola forms more complex, brown bulbils. These species formed distinct clades based on ITS-5.8S rDNA in the phylogenetic analysis. The two species did not share the same host. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - March 5, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Differential gene expression and associated metabolite accumulation in fungus Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis cultivated under breathable and airtight conditions
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Jian Jin, You Qin, Can Zhong, Rongrong Zhou, Jing Xie, Hao Liu, Juan Xiao, Ping Cai, Shuihan Zhang, Yuhui QinAbstractOphiocordyceps xuefengensis is a kind of caterpillar fungus and used as ethnopharmacological invigorant in China. A transcriptomic approach was applied to reveal the differential gene expression of O. xuefengensis under breathable and airtight conditions, and the targeted metabolites were determined by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS technology. Growth was inhibited during 28 d cultivation and a total of 170 differentially expressed genes were ob...
Source: Mycoscience - March 5, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Efficient transformation of the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium by electroporation of germinated conidia.
In this study we demonstrated that simple and effective method of electroporation of germinated conidia can be used for transformation of this fungus. Electroporation of L. muscarium (strain VL 72) germinated conidia by the pBARGPE1 vector harboring an eGFP gene, showed a transformation efficiency 65.7 ± 1.4 phosphinothricin-resistant colonies per 2.5 μg of linearized plasmid DNA and expression of fluorescent protein without affecting fungal growth and virulence. By analysis of GFP-expressing isolates by fluorescent microscopy and immunoblotting, we found that the Aspergillus nidulans PgpdA promoter and trpC terminator i...
Source: Mycoscience - March 1, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Rediscovery and phylogenetic placement of Olpidiopsis gillii (de Wildeman) Friedmann, a holocarpic oomycete parasitoid of freshwater diatoms
Publication date: Available online 9 January 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Anthony T. Buaya, Sebastian Ploch, Marco ThinesAbstractThe genus Olpidiopsis of the Oomycota includes several species that are aquatic parasites and hyperparasites. Despite their widespread occurrence and potential ecological importance, only a handful of these species has been subjected to phylogenetic investigations, so far. Most species have not been observed and reported for several decades. In the current study, the freshwater diatom parasite Olpidiopsis gillii (de Wild.) Friedmann was rediscovered from the river Main in Germany and investi...
Source: Mycoscience - February 28, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Establishment of monokaryotic and dikaryotic isolates of Hedgehog mushrooms (Hydnum repandum and related species) from basidiospores
Publication date: Available online 26 February 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Ryo Sugawara, Akiyoshi Yamada, Masataka Kawai, Kozue Sotome, Nitaro Maekawa, Akira Nakagiri, Naoki EndoAbstractHydnum repandum and its relatives are gourmet edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. However, no reliable pure cultures have been reported in this genus. Here, we report for the first time the successful isolation of mycelial strains from basidiospores in the genus Hydnum. Basidiospores obtained from basidioma samples were aseptically inoculated onto modified Norkran's C (MNC) medium, MNC containing n-butyric acid (n-MNC), or MNC with gell...
Source: Mycoscience - February 26, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Melanoderma boninense, a new species of Melanoderma (Polyporales, Agaricomycota) from the Bonin Islands in Japan
Publication date: Available online 23 February 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Kozue Sotome, Tsutomu Hattori, Nitaro Maekawa, Toshinori MatozakiAbstractMelanoderma boninense is described and illustrated as a new species from the Bonin Islands, Japan, on the basis of morphological and phylogenetic investigations. This species is characterized by sessile basidiocarps with an ungulate pileus, a black crust on the pileus surface, pores 4–6/mm, a dimitic hyphal system comprising clamped generative hyphae and cyanophilous skeletal binding hyphae with or without a dextrinoid reaction, cylindrical basidiospores measuring 5.5â€...
Source: Mycoscience - February 24, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Isolation and characterization of a novel mycovirus infecting an edible mushroom, Grifola frondosa
In this study, we isolated and characterized a novel partitivirus (named Grifola frondosa partitivirus 1, GfPV1) infecting a standard G. frondosa strain Gf-N2. This virus has a two-segmented dsRNA genome (dsRNA1 and dsRNA2) with nucleotide lengths of 2.3 and 2.2 kbp, respectively. The coding strand of dsRNA1 and dsRNA2 segments carries single open reading frame encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and a coat protein (CP), respectively. BLAST searches and phylogenetic analyses showed that GfPV1 is most closely related to a betapartitivirus, Lentinula edodes partitivirus 1 (RdRp <70% and CP <60% amino acid se...
Source: Mycoscience - February 16, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Variations of 1-octen-3-ol and lipoxygenase gene expression in the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus according to fruiting body development, tissue specificity, maturity, and postharvest storage
This study investigated variations in 1-octen-3-ol and the LOX gene (Polox1 and Polox2) expression together with LOX activity in P. ostreatus, according to fruiting body development, tissue specificity, maturity, and postharvest storage. 1-Octen-3-ol content was abundant in the stipe of medium-sized fruiting bodies (40–50 mm cap diameter), but decreased after 2 d of storage at 4 °C. During fruiting body development, changes in LOX activity mimicked changes in transcript levels of Polox1, which was much more abundantly expressed than Polox2. The changes in LOX activity were different from changes in 1-octen-3-ol le...
Source: Mycoscience - February 16, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Overexpression of the laccase gene, lcc1, in Lentinula edodes using the pChG vector
In this study, we introduced and expressed the L. edodes Lcc gene, lcc1, driven by L. edodes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene promoter into L.edodes. The resulting transformants showed 2-fold Lcc activity than that of the host strain, and expression of the recombinant lcc1 was confirmed by RT-PCR. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - February 15, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Xylodon kunmingensis sp. nov. (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from southern China
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Zhong-Wen Shi, Xue-Wei Wang, Li-Wei Zhou, Chang-Lin ZhaoAbstractA new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Xylodon kunmingensis, is proposed based on morphological and molecular evidences. The species is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiocarps with cream to buff hymenial, odontioid surface, a monomitic hyphal system with generative hyphae bearing clamp connections and oblong-ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, inamyloid and indextrinoid, acyanophilous basidiospores, 5–5.8 × 2.8–3.5 μm. The phylogenetic analy...
Source: Mycoscience - February 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Prototheca paracutis sp. nov., a novel oleaginous achlorophyllous microalga isolated from a mangrove forest
In this study, the ninth member of the genus Prototheca, Prototheca paracutis sp. nov. (ex-type strain YMTW3-1T = JCM 32112T = TBRC8745T), is proposed. The MycoBank number is MB 821626. In addition, P. paracutis sp. nov. was observed to accumulate lipid at up to 21% of the cell dry weight, characterizing it as an oleaginous microorganism. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - February 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
