Phyllactinia fraxinicola, another Asian fungal pathogen on Fraxinus excelsior (common ash) introduced to Europe?
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Markus Scholler, Anke Schmidt, Jamjan Meeboon, Uwe Braun, Susumu Takamatsu Since the mid-nineties Phyllactinia fraxini has become frequent in Germany. This species has hitherto been characterized by having straight conidiophore foot cells. However, we found that recent collections from Germany have conidiophores with sinuated and twisted foot cells. So far sinuated foot cells were only known from the related P. fraxinicola, another species with Eastern Asian origin. We thus hypothesized that recent collections from Germany belong to P...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Bioactive compounds from the edible mushroom Cortinarius caperatus
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Arif Yanuar Ridwan, Jing Wu, Jae-Hoon Choi, Hirofumi Hirai, Hirokazu Kawagishi Six compounds, 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (1), 4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoic acid (2), 4-ketononanoic acid (3), methyl(2-acetylaminoethyl)sulfoxide (4), methyl benzoate (5) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (6) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Cortinarius caperatus. Compounds 1, 3, 5, and 6 inhibited growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelia. Compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6 exhibited growth regulatory activities toward rice seedlings, while compounds 3, 5, and...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Identification of mycobionts in an achlorophyllous orchid, Cremastra aphylla (Orchidaceae), based on molecular analysis and basidioma morphology
In this study, the sharing of saprobic Psathyrellaceae fungus by the mycoheterotrophic and leafy Cremastra species was newly confirmed. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Pendulichytrium sphaericum gen. et sp. nov. (Chytridiales, Chytriomycetaceae), a new chytrid parasitic on the diatom, Aulacoseira granulata
Publication date: Available online 24 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Kensuke Seto, Yousuke Degawa During the last decade, our concept of chytrid systematics has dramatically changed based on molecular phylogeny and zoospore ultrastructure. In contrast with well-studied saprotrophic chytrids, only a few obligate parasitic chytrids have been investigated with modern methods. Here, we investigate the novel chytrid culture KS93 that is parasitic on the diatom Aulacoseira granulata. Thallus morphology of KS93 was characterized by a spherical, stalked zoosporangium with a single, apical inoperculate discharge po...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
l-Phenylalanine supplementation increases the production of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and methyl cinnamate in the mycelia of Tricholoma matsutake
Publication date: Available online 24 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Yuji Tasaki, Shunya Hayashi, Miho Kato We investigated changes in the expression of Tmpal1 and Tmpal2, that encode phenylalanine ammonia-lyases (PALs), during the growth of Tricholoma matsutake NBRC 30605 mycelia, and the effect of exogenously added l-phenylalanine (l-Phe), a substrate of PALs, on pal expression and methyl cinnamate production in the mycelia. Expression patterns of Tmpal1 and Tmpal2 differed during mycelial growth. Transcript levels of Tmpal2, PAL activity, and methyl cinnamate content increased markedly in cultures supp...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Ossicaulis yunnanensis sp. nov. (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales) from southwestern China
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Shu-Da Yang, Hong-Yan Huang, Jie Zhao, Nian-Kai Zeng, Li-Ping Tang Ossicaulis is a small genus in the family Lyophyllaceae. Two known species, O. lachnopus, and O. lignatilis, are distributed in north temperate regions. The third taxon, O. yunnanensis sp. nov., is described from the alpine belt of subtropics of southwestern China, and this genus is also reported for the first time from China. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by its whitish basidiomata and very small basidiospores. Molecular analyses from the nuclear...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Erysiphe azerbaijanica and E. linderae: Two new powdery mildew species (Erysiphales) belonging to the Microsphaera lineage of Erysiphe
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Lamiya V. Abasova, Dilzara N. Aghayeva, Susumu Takamatsu Two new species, Erysiphe azerbaijanica on Castanea sativa and E. linderae on Lindera praecox, both belonging to the Microsphaera lineage of the genus Erysiphe are described based on morphological and molecular data. Erysiphe azerbaijanica is distinguished from other Erysiphe species occurring on Castanea spp. by its cylindrical conidia with a length/width ratio of 2–3.6, longer conidiophore, and foot-cells. Molecular analyses indicated that this species forms a clade of its own...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Three new records of powdery mildews found in Mexico with one genus and one new species proposed
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): José Marmolejo, Siska A.S. Siahaan, Susumu Takamatsu, Uwe Braun Cystotheca lanestris on the new host Quercus canbyi, Microidium bauhiniicola on the new host Bauhinia macranthera and an undescribed species of Phyllactinia on Mimosa aculeaticarpa have recently been collected in Mexico. Analyses of morphological traits and molecular sequence data led to identifications of the causal agents of the powdery mildew diseases involved. Microidium bauhiniicola, hitherto only known from Argentina and Brazil, is new to Mexico. The phylogenetic ana...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Three novel lipomycetaceous yeasts, Lipomyces maratuensis sp. nov., Lipomyces tropicalis sp. nov., and Lipomyces kalimantanensis f.a., sp. nov. isolated from soil from the Maratua and Kalimantan Islands, Indonesia
Publication date: November 2017 Source:Mycoscience, Volume 58, Issue 6 Author(s): Atsushi Yamazaki, Atit Kanti, Hiroko Kawasaki Three novel oleaginous yeasts were isolated from soil collected around Kalimantan Island, Indonesia. Based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics and sequence typing using the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA and translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene (EF-1α), the eight strains were shown to be novel species and were named Lipomyces maratuensis sp. nov. (type strain: NBRC 110264T = InaCC Y720T = JSAT12-2-Y011T; MycoBank no. MB 816185), Lipomyces tropicalis...
Source: Mycoscience - November 19, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Reevaluation of Japanese Amanita section Caesareae species with yellow and brown pileus with descriptions of Amanita kitamagotake and A. chatamagotake spp. nov.
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Naoki Endo, Wanwisa Fangfuk, Miyuki Kodaira, Daisuke Sakuma, Eiji Hadano, Atsuko Hadano, Yasuaki Murakami, Cherdchai Phosri, Norihisa Matsushita, Masaki Fukuda, Akiyoshi Yamada Japanese species of Amanita section Caesareae, “Kitamagotake” with a uniformly yellow pileus, and “Chatamagotake” with an olive-brown pileus, formerly treated as “A. javanica” and “A. similis”, respectively, were taxonomically reevaluated. Specimens of Japanese “A. javanica” and “A. similis” are morphologically distinct from Southeast...
Source: Mycoscience - August 24, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Agar plate assays using dye-linked substrates differentiate members of Tricholoma sect. Caligata, ectomycorrhizal symbionts represented by Tricholoma matsutake
Publication date: Available online 24 August 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Tomoko Shimokawa, Muneyoshi Yamaguchi, Hitoshi Murata Tricholoma matsutake is an ectomycorrhizal fungus that produces the prized mushrooms “matsutake” in association with the Pinaceae. Other species of Tricholoma sect. Caligata are also ectomycorrhizal symbionts that produce a variety of “quasi-matsutake” mushrooms. Here we developed agar plate assays using the dye-linked substrates azurine-crosslinked (AZCL) hydroxyethyl cellulose and AZCL-amylose to differentiate T. matsutake strains and related species based on their polysacchar...
Source: Mycoscience - August 24, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Plant growth regulators from the edible mushroom Leccinum extremiorientale
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Akinobu Ito, Jing Wu, Nobuhiko Ozawa, Jae-Hoon Choi, Hirofumi Hirai, Hirokazu Kawagishi Two compounds were isolated from the edible mushroom Leccinum extremiorientale. In the bioassay examining plant growth regulatory activity using lettuce, compound 1 promoted the root growth as low as 100 nmol/paper dose-dependently and inhibited the hypocotyl growth at 1000 nmol/paper. Compound 2 inhibited the root and hypocotyl growth at 1000 nmol/paper. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - August 6, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Plant growth inhibitors from the culture broth of fairy ring-forming fungus Lepista sordida
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Akinobu Ito, Jae-Hoon Choi, Jing Wu, Hidekazu Tanaka, Hirofumi Hirai, Hirokazu Kawagishi Four compounds (1–4) were isolated from the culture broth of fairy ring-forming fungus Lepista sordida. In the bioassay examining plant growth regulatory activity using bentgrass, compounds 1, 2 and 4 inhibited the root growth at 100 and 1000 nmol/paper. Among them, compound 1 showed the strongest inhibitory activity against the root. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - August 1, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Ceratocystis uchidae, a new species on Araceae in Hawaii and Fiji
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Qian Li, Thomas C. Harrington, Douglas McNew, Jianqiang Li An examination of the isolates of Ceratocystis fimbriata from corms of Araceae (Colocasia esculenta, taro, and Xanthosoma sagittifolium) from Hawaii and Fiji found that they represent a new species, Ceratocystis uchidae. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the new species is in the Asian-Australian clade of the C. fimbriata complex, and it is most closely related to C. polychroma from Indonesia and C. cercfabiensis from China. Ceratocystis uchidae differs from these species in its sh...
Source: Mycoscience - August 1, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
A new species of Hyphodermella (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) with a poroid hymenophore
Publication date: Available online 29 July 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Chang-Lin Zhao, Guang-Juan Ren, Fang Wu A new poroid wood-inhabiting fungal species, Hyphodermella poroides, is proposed based on morphological and molecular evidences. The species is characterized by resupinate basidiocarps with cream to orange pore surface, a monomitic hyphal system with generative hyphae bearing simple septa, and broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI−, CB− basidiospores. The phylogenetic analyses based on ITS + nLSU sequences showed that H. poroides formed a single group with a strong support and was ...
Source: Mycoscience - July 29, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
