Diversity of wood-inhabiting Agaricomycotina on wood of different size classes in riparian forests of Uruguay
In this study, we assessed the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi on wood of different size classes in riparian forests of Uruguay. We recovered 186 species of Agaricomycotina, including 113 corticioid and 58 polyporoid taxa. Eleven taxa accounted for 38% of the all the samples. The highest number of species was found on fine woody debris (FWD, 2–10 cm diam) than coarse woody debris (CWD,>10 cm diam) and very fine woody debris (VFWD, <2 cm diam). Species-accumulation curves did not reach an asymptote for any of the groups or wood diameter classes studied. Polyporoids were more frequently recorded on CWD (61% of...
Source: Mycoscience - February 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Monokariotic fruiting body and clamp cell formation in Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii (Bunaharitake)
We describe a single dikaryotic M. aitchisonii strain, TUFC50005, and 20 monokaryons derived from it, which exhibited a wide spectrum of monokaryotic fruiting types. Most strains formed primordia, or young fruiting body-like structures, but only one of the monokaryons, strain TUFC50005-4, formed a fruiting body, even though it had only one nucleus and produced only two spores after meiosis. We demonstrated that dikariotization was not required for clamp cell formation, fruiting body formation, or meiosis, in this mushroom. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - January 18, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial DNA dynamics during fruiting body formation in Grifola frondosa
Publication date: Available online 14 January 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Fumie Numata, Nobuhisa Kawaguchi, Chisa Yamada, Yuki Ota, Fu-Chia Chen, Mirai Hayashi, Norihiro Shimomura, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tadanori AimiAbstractIn the present study, the copy number of mitochondrial DNA in Grifola frondosa was estimated at several developmental stages by quantitative real-time PCR, revealing that it decreases gradually during fruiting body development. We investigated the relationships between copy number of mitochondrial DNA and transcription levels of genes that are related to activity and number of mitochondria. The lowes...
Source: Mycoscience - January 15, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Rediscovery and phylogenetic placement of Olpidiopsis gillii (de Wildeman) Friedmann, a holocarpic oomycete parasitoid of freshwater diatoms
Publication date: Available online 9 January 2019Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Anthony T. Buaya, Sebastian Ploch, Marco ThinesAbstractThe genus Olpidiopsis of the Oomycota includes several species that are aquatic parasites and hyperparasites. Despite their widespread occurrence and potential ecological importance, only a handful of these species has been subjected to phylogenetic investigations, so far. Most species have not been observed and reported for several decades. In the current study, the freshwater diatom parasite Olpidiopsis gillii (de Wildemann) Friedmann was rediscovered from the river Main in Germany and inv...
Source: Mycoscience - January 10, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
A new species of the genus Tubulicium collected from living Pieris japonica
In this study, the morphological descriptions, illustrations, and cultural characteristics of T. curvisporum are provided, as well as a key to the species of this genus. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - January 9, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Physiological variation among Tricholoma matsutake isolates generated from basidiospores obtained from one basidioma
Publication date: Available online 22 December 2018Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Akiyoshi Yamada, Norio Hayakawa, Chika Saito, Yuka Horimai, Hiroki Misawa, Takashi Yamanaka, Masaki FukudaAbstractMatsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) is a commercially valuable edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom. The physiological traits of T. matsutake have been previously assessed using mycelial isolates isolated from basidiomata; however, few studies have focused on basidiospores. Here, we report that sibling T. matsutake isolates generated from basidiospores on a single basidioma show distinct physiological variation. We first established 145 is...
Source: Mycoscience - December 22, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Elaphomyces tropicalis sp. nov.: A new ectomycorrhizal fungus associated with dipterocarps from tropical Indonesia
Publication date: Available online 21 December 2018Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Nampiah Sukarno, Sri Listiyowati, Nurul Rahayu, Kazuhide NaraABSTRACTA hypogeous, sequestrate, ectomycorrhizal fungus belonging to Elaphomyces was found in a Shorea plantation at Haurbentes Research Forest, West Java, Indonesia. Elaphomyces tropicalis is described as a new species based on morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the ITS rDNA sequence. Sequences of E. tropicalis formed a distinct clade close to E. hassiacus, and sister to E. granulatus and E. asperulus. Elaphomyces tropicalis is not closely related to th...
Source: Mycoscience - December 21, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Extending the hyphal area of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria parva co-cultured with ectomycorrhizosphere bacteria on nutrient agar plate
This study examined the extension of the hyphal area of Laccaria parva co-cultured with the ectomycorrhizosphere bacteria. One mycelial disk of L. parva was placed on the center of a plastic dish containing diluted modified Melin-Norkrans agar media, and each bacterial strain was incubated 2 cm away from the mycelial disk at four orthogonal directions. Several strains of Rhizobiaceae, including those closely related to Bradyrhizobium, significantly increased the extension of the hyphal areas of several strains of L. parva; however, the majority of bacteria tended to decrease them. The effects of bacteria on the hyphal gr...
Source: Mycoscience - December 21, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
The life cycle of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus on Manchurian ash, Fraxinus mandshurica, in Japan
This study was conducted to explore the behavior and life cycle of this fungus. It was revealed that, after infection by ascospores, H. fraxineus endophytically inhabits the living leaves of F. mandshurica. On fallen leaves, the fungus behaves saprophytically, producing apothecia on pseudosclerotial plates formed mainly on the decomposing rachises. Analysis by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed that the amount of H. fraxineus DNA sharply increased in rachises, while such sharp increase of DNA was not found in leaflets. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - December 19, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Elotespora indica – A new and unusual species of hyphomycetes from India
Publication date: Available online 11 December 2018Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Chatterjee Sengupta Shreya, Dubey Rashmi (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - December 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
The homeobox transcription factor CoHox1 is required for the morphogenesis of infection hyphae in host plants and pathogenicity in Colletotrichum orbiculare
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2018Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Aya Yokoyama, Kosuke Izumitsu, Toshikazu Irie, Kazumi SuzukiAbstractThe hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare is the causal agent of anthracnose of cucumber. During host plant infection, appressoria penetrate into the host cells, and biotrophic infection hyphae elongate inside the host cells, then switch to necrotrophic phase. We found that the homeobox transcription factor CoHox1 is a novel type of pathogenesis-related gene. CoHox1 disruption mutants of C. orbiculare were non-pathogenic on host cucumber cotyledons and formed no lesi...
Source: Mycoscience - November 29, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Strengthening Myriostoma (Geastraceae, Basidiomycota) diversity: Myriostoma australianum sp. nov
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2018Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Julieth O. Sousa, Iuri G. Baseia, María P. MartínAbstractA new species in the genus Myriostoma (Geastraceae, Basidiomycota) is described from Australia. Phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, as well as morphological data are evidence that the new species, Myriostoma australianum, is closely related to M. capillisporum from South Africa. Additional collections under M. coliforme from Brazil and USA (New Mexico) were analyzed and confirmed as belonging to M. calongei....
Source: Mycoscience - November 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Leptographium wushanense sp. nov., associated with Tomicus armandii on Pinus armandii in Southwestern China
Publication date: Available online 30 October 2018Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Yue Pan, Jun Lu, Xu-Dong Zhou, Peng Chen, Huihong Zhang, Hui YeAbstractLeptographium wushanense sp. nov., which is associated with Tomicus armandii, is described based on molecular sequence data and morphological characters. The phylogenetic analyses based on ITS2-partial LSU rDNA region, β-tubulin and elongation factor 1-α genes showed that L. wushanense formed a well-supported clade and was closely related to L. conjunctum and L. yunnanense, and then nested within L. lundbergii complex. The species is characterized that its conidiophores we...
Source: Mycoscience - October 31, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Monitoring of in planta gene expression for xylan degradation and assimilation in the maize pathogen Bipolaris maydis
Publication date: Available online 24 October 2018Source: MycoscienceAuthor(s): Hiroshi Yoshida, Chihiro TanakaAbstractSwift and efficient onset of feeding on host tissue by phytopathogenic fungi is a requisite event for their successful infection and propagation. Necrotrophic fungi colonizing host cell walls appear to obtain carbon and energy sources from plant wall degradants, but what they actually utilize for nutrition after host invasion remains unclear. Here we focus on plant wall xylan, the major hemicellulosic polysaccharide in cereal plants, and study its participation in post-invasion nutrition of the maize necro...
Source: Mycoscience - October 25, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Tolerance to dry bubble disease (Lecanicillium fungicola) in Iranian wild germplasm of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)
This study aimed to assess phenotypic resistance to dry bubble disease among A. bisporus wild strains, collected from Iran regions. The reliability of resistance evaluations regarding disease incidence and intensity was well documented. The extraordinary tolerance of some wild strains to even high degrees of inoculum concentrations (107 and 108 spore/m2 mushroom growth bed) of the pathogen in compare to commercial cultivars approved potentials of the wild germplasm in breeding programs for resistance. Also, the potential of some Microsatellite loci for the molecular-based rapid screening of tolerance was established by att...
Source: Mycoscience - October 9, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
