In vitro ectomycorrhization of Tricholoma matsutake strains is differentially affected by soil type
Publication date: Available online 13 December 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Chika Saito, Wakana Ogawa, Hisayasu Kobayashi, Takashi Yamanaka, Masaki Fukuda, Akiyoshi Yamada The Japanese delicacy Tricholoma matsutake has been conducted in vitro ectomycorrhizal syntheses for more than 20 y. The development of its ectomycorrhizal structures varies among experimental systems. Here, we examined the effects of soil-fungus interactions on the early stage of in vitro T. matsutake ectomycorrhization. Axenic Pinus densiflora seedlings were transplanted into autoclaved natural inorganic soil, inoculated with the cult...
Source: Mycoscience - December 14, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Morphophylogenetic study revealed that Erysiphe gracilis (powdery mildew of evergreen oaks, Erysiphales) is a species complex consisting of six different species
In this study, we further investigated genotype speciation in E. gracilis var. longissima occurring on Q. acuta and Q. sessilifolia, and found that this variety is also divided into two distinct genotypes. These results suggested that E. gracilis represents a species complex consisting of six different species. Based on detailed morphological examinations correlating with results of molecular sequence analyses, we propose to divide E. gracilis into six species, encompassing three new species (E. uncinuloides, E. pseudogracilis, and E. longiappendiculata), one new name (E. longifilamentosa), and two known species (...
Source: Mycoscience - December 14, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Sequence analysis and heterologous expression of lectin-like gene CMLec3 from the medicinal fungus Cordyceps militaris
In this study, the CMLec3 sequence was analyzed using bioinformatics approaches, and the gene was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells. The biological activity of the product was examined. In addition, CMLec3 gene expression levels were assessed. The results showed that the CMLec3 protein contained a lectin domain structure and was successfully expressed. The CMLec3 protein partly inhibited HeLa cell proliferation. CMLec3 exhibited the highest gene expression in the primordium at a level 5.19 times that of the mycelium and 1.35 times that of the fruiting body. This suggests that the gene may be related...
Source: Mycoscience - December 14, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Albatrellus roseus sp. nov. (Albatrellaceae; Basidiomycota), the first representative of the genus from Pakistan
This study represent the first record of the genus Albatrellus from Pakistan. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - December 12, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Phylogenetic analyses of Japanese golden chanterelles and a new species description, Cantharellus anzutake sp. nov.
Publication date: Available online 7 December 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Wakana Ogawa, Naoki Endo, Masaki Fukuda, Akiyoshi Yamada The Japanese golden chanterelle commonly identified as Cantharellus cibarius was sampled in a broad range of forest vegetation. A total of 90 fresh and 11 herbarium specimens were examined microscopically, subjected to sequencing analysis of their nuclear ribosomal RNA (rDNA) and tef-1 genes, and their characteristics were compared with those of European C. cibarius. Based on morphological and ecological characteristics, basidioma samples from Japan were divided into four species....
Source: Mycoscience - December 8, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Coltriciella minuscula sp. nov., a new species of poroid fungus on Pinus merkusii from an Indonesian tropical forest
Publication date: Available online 7 December 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Dewi Susan, Atik Retnowati, Nampiah Sukarno Coltriciella minuscula sp. nov. is described and illustrated from a specimen collected on Pinus merkusii from Bogor, Indonesia. This species is characterized by the size of its basidiocarp up to 4 mm in diam, with long hair on the stipe and with ornamented spores. Both morphological distinctiveness and phylogenetic separation based upon analyses of nrDNA ITS sequences support the establishment of this new species. Morphological dissimilarities between C. minuscula and closely related species a...
Source: Mycoscience - December 8, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Two new Cladophialophora species, C. tumbae sp. nov. and C. tumulicola sp. nov., and chaetothyrialean fungi from biodeteriorated samples in the Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli
Publication date: Available online 8 December 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Tomohiko Kiyuna, Kwang-Deuk An, Rika Kigawa, Chie Sano, Junta Sugiyama During dismantling and relocation of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus stone chamber, many Cladophialophora and chaetothyrialean black fungi, such as Exophiala and Phialophora, were isolated from samples taken from the joints between the stone walls. However, inside the stone chamber of the Kitora Tumulus, after intermittent UV irradiation in 2009, these black fungi were also isolated from samples taken from the stone walls. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on only nrLS...
Source: Mycoscience - December 8, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Leveillula buddlejae sp. nov., a new species with an asexual morph resembling phylogenetically basal Phyllactinia species
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Mahesh K. Adhikari, Jamjan Meeboon, Susumu Takamatsu, Uwe Braun An asexual morph of a powdery mildew was found on Buddleja asiatica (Scrophulariaceae) in Nepal. The morphological traits of this powdery mildew strongly resemble those of Phyllactinia species (including Ovulariopsis) belonging to a phylogenetically basal group closely related to Leveillula species, but phylogenetic examinations and analyses clearly showed that this fungus pertains to Leveillula. Within the latter genus, it seems to be allied to L. duriaei, but clearly diff...
Source: Mycoscience - December 6, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Xanthagaricus caeruleus, a new species with ink-blue lamellae from southeast China
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Md. Iqbal Hosen, Zong-ping Song, Genevieve Gates, Tai-Hui Li Xanthagaricus caeruleus, a new species of Agaricaceae from southeast China is described and illustrated. It is characterized by its small basidiomata with a pileus covered by grayish lilac to grayish violet squamules, pallid white lamellae when young becoming pastel blue to ink-blue or blackish blue with age, greenish gray to grayish brown basidiospores, and epithelial pileipellis which is composed of agglutinated globose to subglobose, rarely clavate to ellipsoidal thin-walled...
Source: Mycoscience - December 6, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Generalism in the interaction of Tulasnellaceae mycobionts with orchids characterizes a biodiversity hotspot in the tropical Andes of Southern Ecuador
Publication date: Available online 1 December 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Paulo Herrera, Ingrid Kottke, M. Carmen Molina, Marcos Méndez, Juan Pablo Suárez Biotic interactions play an important role in the assembly and stability of communities. All orchids depend on mycobionts for early establishment, but whether individual orchid species depend on a specific or broad spectrum of mycobionts is still a matter of debate. Tulasnellaceae (Basidiomycota) is the richest and most widespread mycobiont worldwide. We assessed Tulasnellaceae richness in epiphytic and terrestrial orchids in different habitats, and evalu...
Source: Mycoscience - December 1, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
High diversity of root-associated fungi isolated from three epiphytic orchids in southern Ecuador
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Alžběta Novotná, Ángel Benítez, Paulo Herrera, Darío Cruz, Eva Filipczyková, Juan Pablo Suárez Knowledge of fungal root-associates is essential for effective conservation of tropical epiphytic orchids. We investigated the diversity of root-associated fungi of Cyrtochilum myanthum, Scaphyglottis punctulata and Stelis superbiens from a tropical mountain rainforest in southern Ecuador, using a culture dependent approach. We identified 115 fungal isolates, corresponding to 49 fungal OTUs, based on sequences of the nrDNA ITS and pa...
Source: Mycoscience - November 29, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Mrakia arctica sp. nov., a new psychrophilic yeast isolated from an ice island in the Canadian High Arctic
Publication date: Available online 27 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Masaharu Tsuji, Yukiko Tanabe, Warwick F. Vincent, Masaki Uchida Two strains of a psychrophilic basidiomycetous yeast species belonging to the genus Mrakia were isolated from a melt-pool mat community, on an ice island located in Disraeli Fjord, Ellesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic. Analysis of the large subunit rDNA D1/D2 domain and internal transcribed spacer region sequences indicated that these strains represent a novel species, and the name Mrakia arctica sp. nov. is proposed. This new species could grow at sub-zero temperatures...
Source: Mycoscience - November 28, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Whole-leaf fluorescence imaging to visualize in planta fungal structures of Victory onion leaf rust fungus, Uromyces japonicus, and its taxonomic evaluation
In this study, we designate an epitype of U. japonicus based on fresh specimens from Japan. (Source: Mycoscience)
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Gelidatrema psychrophila sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from an ice island in the Canadian High Arctic
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Masaharu Tsuji, Yukiko Tanabe, Warwick F. Vincent, Masaki Uchida A new cold-adapted yeast species, Gelidatrema psychrophila sp. nov., was isolated from a melt-pool microbial mat community, on an ice island located in Disraeli Fjord, Ellesmere Island, in the Canadian High Arctic. Molecular analysis of the D1/D2 domain sequence of the large subunit rDNA showed that this species is novel and could grow at sub-zero temperatures and in vitamin-free media. These characteristics were likely acquired by the yeast to survive in extreme, perennia...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
A new Rhizopogon species associated with Pinus amamiana in Japan
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2017 Source:Mycoscience Author(s): Yoriko Sugiyama, Masao Murata, Kazuhide Nara Pinus amamiana is an endangered Pinus species found only on Yakushima Island and Tanegashima Island, Japan. We surveyed remaining P. amamiana forests and found some sporocarps of Rhizopogon (Boletales), many species of which exhibit strict host specificity to a narrow range of Pinaceae trees and play critical roles in host establishment. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny, here we describe Rhizopogon yakushimensis sp. nov. This new species belongs to a new clade, p...
Source: Mycoscience - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
