MASTDISCS combi Carba plus, a simple method for discriminating carbapenemase ‐producing Enterobacteriaceae, including OXA‐48‐type producers
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the MASTDISCS combi Carba plus disc system in identification of different carbapenemase types, including OXA‐48‐type carbapenemase, for which no specific enzyme inhibitors have so far been available. The simple disc system discriminates carbapenemases, including OXA‐48‐types exhibiting low carbapenem minimum inhibitory concentrations, by targeting Enterobacteriaceae isolates with a EUCAST meropenem screening cut‐off of ≥0.25 mg/L. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yusuke Ohsaki, Ryoichi Kubo, Jonathan Hobson, Mya Davies, Shunsuke Osaka, Wataru Hayashi, Yui Taniguchi, Shota Koide, Yukiko Nagano, Noriyuki Nagano Tags: Note Source Type: research
A hot ‐water extract of Sanguisorba officinalis ameliorates endotoxin‐induced septic shock by inhibiting inflammasome activation
In this study, it was found that a hot‐water extract of Sanguisorba officinalis (HSO) suppresses inflammasome activation triggered by adenosine 5′‐triphosphate, nigericin, microbial pathogens, and double stranded DNA in bone marrow‐derived macrophages. HSO was found to significantly suppress IL‐1β production in a dose‐dependent manner; this effect correlated well with small amounts of caspase 1 and little ASC pyroptosome formation in HSO‐treated cells. The anti‐inflammatory activity of HSO was further confirmed in a mouse model of endotoxin‐induced septic shock. Oral administration of HSO reduced IL‐1...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dong ‐Won Seo, Yong‐Il Cho, Suna Gu, Da‐Hee Kim, Young‐Joo Yi, Sang‐Myeong Lee Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Analysis by metadynamics simulation of binding pathway of influenza virus M2 channel blockers
ABSTRACT
M2 protein of influenza A virus is a proton channel spanning the viral envelope. Activity of this proton channel is required for uncoating of viral particles and equilibrating the pH across the trans Golgi apparatus, which prevents conformational change in hemagglutinin. Amantadine, an anti‐influenza A virus drug, inhibits M2 proton channel activity by binding to the channel pore; however, most currently circulating influenza A viruses are amantadine‐resistant. The most prevalent resistant mutation is a substitution from Ser31 to Asn31 in M2. Further atomistic analysis of ligand‐M2 complexes is needed to pro...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yuri Sakai, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Kyosuke Nagata, Takatsugu Hirokawa Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Issue Information – Cover
Cover photograph: The snapshot from the binding trajectory of amantadine in influenza virus M2 protein by metadynamics simulation. The positively charged amino group of amantadine (green stick model) first binds to two of the four Asp24 residues (ball and stick models) via salt bridges (pink dotted lines) and forms a metastable conformation. Microbiol Immunol: 62: 34‐43. Article link here. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research
Effect of apoptosis ‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain on vaccine efficacy: Overcoming the effects of its deficiency with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant
Microbiology and Immunology,Volume 62, Issue 3, Page 176-186, March 2018. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Corrigendum
Microbiology and Immunology,Volume 62, Issue 3, Page 205-205, March 2018. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding capsid protein of porcine circovirus ‐like virus P1 against porcine circovirus 2 in mice
Microbiology and Immunology,Volume 62, Issue 3, Page 195-199, March 2018. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Analysis of Vibrio seventh pandemic island II and novel genomic islands in relation to attachment sequences among a wide variety of Vibrio cholerae strains
Microbiology and Immunology,Volume 62, Issue 3, Page 150-157, March 2018. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
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Microbiology and Immunology,Volume 62, Issue 3, Page 205-205, March 2018. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Effect of apoptosis ‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain on vaccine efficacy: overcoming the effects of its deficiency with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant
ABSTRACT
Host factors such as nutritional status and immune cell state are important for vaccine efficacy. Inflammasome activation may be important for triggering vaccine‐induced humoral and cell‐mediated immune responses. Formulations with alum as a typical adjuvant to overcome the effects of host factors have recently been shown to induce inflammasome activation, which augments vaccine efficacy. Apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) is one of main components of inflammasomes, but it is not clear whether ASC affects the vaccine‐induced immune response. In here, we ...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Deuk ‐Ki Lee, Eun‐Young Lee, Ryoon‐Ho Kim, Hye‐Won Kwak, Joo Young Kim, Hun Kim, Kyung‐Won Kang, Sang‐Myeong Lee, Jong‐Hwan Park, Jun Chang, Jae‐Hwan Nam Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Analysis of Vibrio seventh pandemic island II and novel genomic islands in relation to attachment sequences among a wide variety of Vibrio cholerae strains
In this report, a wide variety of V. cholerae strains were analyzed for the structure and distribution of VSP‐II in relation to their attachment sequences. Of 188 V. cholerae strains analyzed, 81% (153/188) strains carried VSP‐II, of those, typical VSP‐II, and a short variant was found in 36% (55/153), and 63% (96/153), respectively. A novel VSP‐II was found in 2 V. cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139 strains. In addition to the typical 14‐bp attL, 6 new attL‐like sequences were identified. The 14‐bp attL was associated with VSP‐II in 91% (139/153), whereas, the remaining 6 types were found in 9.2% (14/153) of V. ...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tuan Hai Nguyen, Tho Duc Pham, Naomi Higa, Hanako Iwashita, Taichiro Takemura, Makoto Ohnishi, Kouichi Morita, Tetsu Yamashiro Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding Cap of porcine ‐circovirus‐like virus P1 against porcine circovirus 2 in mice
ABSTRACT
The capsid protein is the major immunogenic protein of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2). The nucleotide sequence of porcine‐circovirus‐like virus P1shares high homology with open reading frame (ORF) 2 of PCV2, and ORF1 of P1 encodes its structural protein. Mice were vaccinated twice intramuscularly with a plasmid expressing the P1 ORF1 protein (pcDNA3.1(+)‐ORF1) at 2‐week intervals. All animals vaccinated with pcDNA3.1(+)‐ORF1 developed higher specific anti‐P1 antibody levels, and had less PCV2 viremia and milder histopathological changes than PCV2‐challenged mice in the control group. Our results show th...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dan Zhang, Kongwang He, Libin Wen, Hongjie Fan Tags: Note Source Type: research
Transcriptional Profiles of the Pulmonary Innate Immune Response to Isogenic Antibiotic ‐Susceptible and Multidrug‐Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Abstract
The virulence of an isogenic pair of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was studied under similar experimental conditions in two animal infection models. Compared to the wild‐type strain, the time to mortality was significantly delayed with the multidrug resistant strain.We further compared the transcriptional profiles of 84 innate immune response genes in the lungs of immunocompetent Balb/C mice. Significantly lower expression levels of genes involved in production of soluble pattern recognition receptor and complement were observed in animals infected with the multidrug resistant strain. Altered patterns of innate...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Vincent H. Tam, Cynthia P érez, Kimberly R. Ledesma, Russell E. Lewis Tags: Note Source Type: research
In vitro antibiofilm and antiadhesion effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles against antibiotic resistant bacteria
ABSTRACT
The aim of the current investigation was to determine antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles against antibiotic resistant clinical strains of bacteria. MgO nanoparticles were synthesized by wet chemical method, and were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX). Antibacterial activity was determined by broth microdilution and agar diffusion method. Bradford method was used to assess cellular protein leakage as a result of loss of membrane integrity. Microtiter plate assay following crystal violet staining was employed to ...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sumreen Hayat, Saima Muzammil, Muhammad Hidayat Rasool, Zonaira Nisar, Syed Zajif Hussain, Anjum Nasim Sabri, Saba Jamil Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
SATB1 is required for the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis to maintain T cell receptor responsiveness
ABSTRACT
The genome organizer special AT‐rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) regulates specific functions through chromatin remodeling in helper T cells. We recently reported that T cells from SATB1 conditional knockout (SATB1cKO) mice, in which the Satb1 gene is deleted from hematopoietic cells, impaired the phosphorylation of signaling molecules in response to T cell receptor (TCR) crosslinking. However, the in vivo T cell response upon antigen presentation in the absence of SATB1 remains unclear. We show that SATB1 modulates the T cell antigen response during the induction and effector phases. The expression of SA...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yasushi Akiba, Taku Kuwabara, Takanori Mukozu, Tetuo Mikami, Motonari Kondo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
