In vitro antibiofilm and antiadhesion effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles against antibiotic resistant bacteria

ABSTRACT The aim of the current investigation was to determine antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles against antibiotic resistant clinical strains of bacteria. MgO nanoparticles were synthesized by wet chemical method, and were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX). Antibacterial activity was determined by broth microdilution and agar diffusion method. Bradford method was used to assess cellular protein leakage as a result of loss of membrane integrity. Microtiter plate assay following crystal violet staining was employed to determine the effect of MgO nanoparticles on biofilm formation and established biofilms removal. The results indicated that MIC values ranged between 125‐500 µgml‐1. Moreover, MgO nanoparticles treatment accelerated rate of membrane disruption, measured as a function of leakage of cellular proteins. Leakage of cellular protein content was more among Gram negative bacteria. Cell adherence assay indicated 25.3‐49.8 % inhibition of bacterial attachment to plastic surfaces. According to static biofilm method MgO nanoparticles reduced biofilm formation potential up to 31 to 82.9 % in a time dependent manner. Moreover, nanoparticles also significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the biofilm biomass of 48, 72, 96 and 120 h old biofilms. Cytotoxicity experiments using neutral red assay revealed that MgO nanoparticles were non‐toxic to HeLa cells at the concentrat...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - Category: Microbiology Authors: Tags: Original Article Source Type: research