Efficient isolation of human metapneumovirus using MNT ‐1, a human malignant melanoma cell line with early and distinct cytopathic effects
In this study, it was demonstrated that, in the human malignant melanoma cell line MNT‐1, obvious syncytium formation occurs shortly after inoculation with HMPV‐positive clinical specimens. In addition, the growth and efficiency of isolation of HMPV were greater using MNT‐1 than using any other conventional cell line. Addition of this cell line to our routine viral isolation system for clinical specimens markedly enhanced isolation frequency, allowing isolation‐based surveillance. MNT‐1 has the potential to facilitate clinical and epidemiological studies of HMPV. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 16, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ko Sato, Oshi Watanabe, Suguru Ohmiya, Fumiko Chiba, Akira Suzuki, Michiko Okamoto, Jiang Younghuang, Akihiro Hata, Hiroyuki Nonaka, Setsuko Kitaoka, Yukio Nagai, Kazuhisa Kawamura, Masahiro Hayashi, Satoru Kumaki, Tamio Suzuki, Kazuyoshi Kawakami, Hideka Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Prevalence, comorbidities and mortality of toxic shock syndrome in children and adults in the USA
In conclusion, there are significant racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and comorbid disparities in the incidence and mortality of TSS in adults and children in the USA. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 16, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Mark A. Strom, Derek Y. Hsu, Jonathan I. Silverberg Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Issue Information – Cover
Cover photograph: Candida cells with atypically enlarged nuclei and cells with two or more nuclei 48 h after incubation with 21 μM lasioglossin LLIII. Microbiol Immunol: 61: 475‐482. Article link here. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 16, 2017 Category: Microbiology Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research
A novel recombinant anti ‐epidermal growth factor receptor peptide vaccine capable of active immunization and reduction of tumor volume in a mouse model
ABSTRACT
Over‐expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been reported in a number of human malignancies. Strong expression of this receptor has been associated with poor survival in many such patients. Active immunizations that elicit antibodies of the desired type could be an appealing alternative to conventional passive immunization. In this regard, a novel recombinant peptide vaccine capable of prophylactic and therapeutic effects was constructed. A novel fusion recombinant peptide base vaccine consisting of L2 domain of murine extra‐cellular domain–EGFR and EGFR mimotope (EM‐L2) was constructed ...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 16, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Majid Asadi ‐Ghalehni, Mohamad Javad Rasaee, Masoumeh RajabiBazl, Masood Khosravani, Majid Motaghinejad, Masoud Javanmardi, Saeed Khalili, Helmout Modjtahedi, Esmaeil Sadroddiny Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Response to "Standardised methods must be used to compare the properties of botulinum toxin serotypes"
ABSTRACT
First, we would like to provide some further explanation of the potency assay. We used two types of potency assay because the BoNT subtype B6 (BoNT/B6) was purified from strain Osaka05, which was isolated relatively recently (1). To compare the potency of BoNT/B6 with each of the subtypes reported previously, we first investigated its potency in mice using an intraperitoneal bioassay. Based on the results of this assay, we used an intravenous time‐to‐death mouse bioassay to construct a standard curve for BoNT/B6. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 8, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tomoko Kohda, Keiji Nakamura, Koji Hosomi, Yasushi Torii, Shunji Kozaki, Masafumi Mukamoto Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Long ‐term regulation of local cytokine production following immunization in mice
ABSTRACT
Vaccines based on pathogen components require adjuvants to enhance the antigen‐specific adaptive immune response. Intramuscular injection of adjuvanted‐vaccines induces inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory nodules at the injection sites within 48 hours after injection (Vaccine 2014; 32: 3393‐3401). In the present study, the long‐term regulation of cytokine production was investigated at 3, 6, 24, and 48 h, 5 and 7 days, and 2 and 4 weeks after immunization with human papilloma virus (HPV), diphtheria and tetanus toxoids combined with acellular pertussis (DTaP), haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), and c...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 1, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tetsuo Nakayama, Yasuyo Kashiwagi, Hisashi Kawashima Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Bifidobacterium Alleviated Experimentally Induced Colitis by Upregulating In ‐doleamine 2, 3‐Dioxygenase Expression
ABSTRACT
The goal of this study was explore the role of indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO) in the therapeutic effect of probiotics on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Trinitro‐benzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to induce colitis in mice, and 1‐methyltryptophan (1‐MT) was used to block the expression of IDO. Clinical manifes‐tations, macroscopic and microscopic colonic alterations were assessed using the dis‐ease activity index (DAI), Wallace‐Keenan, and Curtner scoring systems, respectively. The expression of colonic IDO was detected by western blot. An immunohistochemis‐try analysis was used to evaluat...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 1, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Li Zhao, Yangzhen Suolang, Dandan Zhou, Yu Tang, Yan Zhang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Binding pathway analysis of influenza virus M2 channel blockers by metadynamics simulation
ABSTRACT
M2 protein of influenza A virus is a proton channel spanning the viral envelope. This proton channel activity is required for uncoating of viral particles and equilibrating the pH across the trans‐Golgi apparatus to prevent a conformational change of hemagglutinin. Amantadine is an anti‐influenza A virus drug which inhibits M2 proton channel activity by binding to the channel pore, however, the majority of currently circulating influenza A viruses are amantadine‐resistant. The most prevalent resistant mutation is a substitution from Ser31 to Asn31 in M2. To provide new approaches for the design of novel M2 c...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 1, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yuri Sakai, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Kyosuke Nagata, Takatsugu Hirokawa Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Interleukin ‐17 family cytokines in protective immunity against infections: role of hematopoietic cell‐derived and non‐hematopoietic cell‐derived interleukin‐17s
ABSTRACT
Interleukin (IL)‐17 family cytokines consisting of six members participate in immune response in infections, autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. The prototype cytokine of the family, IL‐17A, was originally identified from CD4+ T cells which are now termed Th17. Later IL‐17A‐producing cells are expanded to various hematopoietic cells including CD8+ T cells (Tc17), invariant NKT cells, γ δ T cells, non‐T non‐B lymphocytes termed type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3), and neutrophils. Some members of the IL‐17 family cytokines other than IL‐17A were also expressed by CD4+ T cells: IL‐17E ...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 1, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Goro Matsuzaki, Masayuki Umemura Tags: Review Source Type: research
Immunogenicity of recombinant measles vaccine expressing fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus in cynomolgus monkeys
In this study, the immunogenicity and protective effects were investigated in three cynomolgus monkeys immunized with MVAIK/RSV/F. Neutralizing test antibodies against RSV were detected and no infectious virus was recovered after the challenge from the lungs of monkeys immunized with MVAIK/RSV/F. MVAIK/RSV/F has the potential to inhibit RSV infection.. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 1, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Akihito Sawada, Kiyokazu Yunomae, Tetsuo Nakayama Tags: Note Source Type: research
The 1st step essential for allergen ‐specific IgE antibody production upon the 2nd step: Induction of non‐specific IgE+ small B cells containing secondly‐sensitized allergen‐specific ones in mice firstly‐sensitized with an allergen
ABSTRACT
There was a significant amount of non‐specific, but not of allergen (e.g., papain, mite feces, and 4 kinds of pollen)‐specific, IgE antibodies (Abs) in the serum of normal mice. An intranasal (i.n.) injection of each allergen without adjuvant into mice caused an increase in total IgE Ab titers with a similar time course in the serum; but the stage in the initiation of allergy varied from allergen to allergen. Submandibular lymph node cells from normal mice contained papain‐, but not mite feces‐ or pollen‐specific IgE+ cells; and an i.n. injection of papain induced papain‐specific IgE Abs in the serum. ...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 1, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Natsuki Hannya, Hiromi Ogita ‐Nakanishi, Ryuji Kato, Yoshio Ijiri, Tetsuya Hayashi, Kazuhiko Tanaka, Ryo Kawata, Hiroshi Takenaka, Takahiro Kubota, Ryotaro Yoshida Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Proteomic profiling of integral membrane proteins associated to pathogenicity in Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains
ABSTRACT
Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been recognized as causal agent of the early mortality syndrome and is currently considered an emerging shrimp disease causing millionaire loses to aquaculture industry. Integral membrane proteins are widely recognized as pathogenicity factors involved in essential mechanisms which allow V. parahaemolyticus infection and make them attractive as therapeutic targets. However, physico‐chemical properties and low expression levels results usually into underrepresentation of these proteins in conventional bottom‐up proteomic, making integral membrane proteomics a challenging task. Integr...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - November 1, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jes ús A. Pérez‐Acosta, Marcel Martínez‐Porchas, José M. Elizalde‐Contreras, Juan Manuel Leyva, Eliel Ruiz‐May, Teresa Gollas‐Galván, Luis R. Martínez‐Córdova, José Ángel Huerta‐Ocampo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Lasioglossins LLIII affect the morphogenesis of Candida albicans and reduces the duration of experimental vaginal candidiasis in mice
ABSTRACT
Lasioglossins are a group of peptides with identified antimicrobial activity. The inhibitory effects of two synthetic lasioglossin derivatives, LLIII and D‐isomeric variant LLIII‐D, on morphological changes in Candida albicans in vitro and the effect of local administration of LLIII during experimental murine candidiasis were investigated. C. albicans blastoconidia were grown in the presence of lasioglossin LLIII or LLIII‐D at concentrations of 11.5 μM and 21 μM, respectively, for 1, 2 and 3 days and their viability determined by flow cytometry using eosin Y staining. Morphological changes were examine...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - October 24, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Alena Vrablikova, Lydie Czernekova, Romana Cahlikova, Zbynek Novy, Milos Petrik, Saima Imran, Zdenek Novak, Michal Krupka, Vaclav Cerovsky, Jaroslav Turanek, Milan Raska Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Detection of the mcr ‐1 gene in colistin resistant Escherichia coli from retail meat in Japan
ABSTRACT
We investigated the presence of the mcr‐1 gene in Escherichia coli from retail meat in Japan. Nine E. coli isolates (eight from chickens and one from pork) carried the mcr‐1 gene on the plasmid. In six isolates from domestic chickens, mcr‐1 was located on the IncI2 plasmid, which was approximately 60 kb in size. In the remaining three isolates from imported chicken and pork, mcr‐1 was located on the IncX4 plasmid (30 kb). (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - October 20, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yukari Nishino, Yukako Shimojima, Yasunori Suzuki, Miki Ida, Rie Fukui, Sumiyo Kuroda, Akihiko Hirai, Kenji Sadamasu Tags: Note Source Type: research
Issue Information – Instruction for Authors
(Source: Microbiology and Immunology)
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - October 12, 2017 Category: Microbiology Tags: Issue Information – Instruction for Authors Source Type: research
