Revisiting colorectal cancer animal model – An improved metastatic model for distal rectosigmoid colon carcinoma
We report a reproducible model, using human CRC cell lines (CL) (WiDr, LS1034, C2BBe1) injected (1 × 107 cells/animal) in RNU rats (n = 55) which underwent cecostomy and descending colostomy with mucosal-cutaneous fistula of the sigmoid colon. CL were characterized by immunohistochemistry: CK20, CDX2, P53, vimentin, Ki67, CD44, CD133, E-cadherin, β-catenin and CEA; cancer stem cells-immune system interaction was studied and tumor progression was assessed with nuclear medicine imaging (99mTc-MIBI). Animals developed locally invasive tumors and with WiDr neural invasion was registered. Cancer stem cells were detect...
Source: Pathophysiology - March 14, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Chitin, chitinases, and chitin lectins: Emerging roles in human pathophysiology
Publication date: Available online 6 March 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): Sally Ziatabar, Jennifer Zepf, Sushama Rich, Ben T. Danielson, Paul I. Bollyky, Robert Stern Chitin is a simple β-linked repeating sugar polymer prominent in the building block structures of a wide variety of organisms, from the yeast cell wall to the exoskeleton and shells of arthropods and other forms of invertebrate life. It had previously been assumed that vertebrates did not contain chitins. However, chitin and chitinases are now documented to occur in vertebrate tissues. Chitin, chitinases and particularly chitinase-like protei...
Source: Pathophysiology - March 8, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Prediction of first-trimester preeclampsia: Relevance of the oxidative stress marker MDA in a combination model with PP-13, PAPP-A and beta-HCG
Conclusion Combined models consisting of various parameters of different origin, may provide better predictive outcomes, and oxidative markers should be considered in combination with other placental biomarkers in prediction of PE. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - February 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
N-Acetylcysteine supplementation decreased brain lipid and protein oxidations produced by experimental homocysteine thiolactone exposure: Relevance to neurodegeneration
In this study, effects of HcyT treatment (500 mg/kg body weight/day in drinking water) for 6 weeks on serum Hcy levels and brain prooxidant-antioxidant balance were investigated in rats. The effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment (1 g/kg body weight/day in chow) for 6 weeks on HcyT-induced neurotoxicity was evaluated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), diene conjugate (DC), protein carbonyl (PC) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were determined in the brain tissue. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and non-protein sulfydryl groups (NPSH) levels as wel...
Source: Pathophysiology - February 22, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Salmon calcitonin and omega-3 fatty acids exhibit antagonistic and non-additive effects in experimental diabetes
In conclusion, N-3 demonstrated antagonistic and non-additive actions with Sct. Moreover, the effects of the combined administration of Sct and N-3 were comparable to that of metformin; therefore, they might be considered as therapeutic alternatives in diabetes. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - February 13, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Ginger polyphenols attenuate cyclosporine-induced disturbances in kidney function: Potential application in adjuvant transplant therapy
Publication date: Available online 7 February 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): Isiaka Ayofe Adekunle, Christian Eseigbe Imafidon, Ayowole Abraham Oladele, Abiodun Oladele Ayoka Cyclosporine (CYA), a common immuno-suppressant drug that is used in organ transplants, is associated with nephrotoxic effects. Scientific exploration of natural products of plant origin should be considered; especially, in a world with increasing prevalence of kidney diseases. Effects of ginger polyphenols (GP) in Wistar rats with CYA-induced perturbations in electrolyte balance and kidney function was determined. Fifty Wistar rats were...
Source: Pathophysiology - February 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Calcitonin and Omega –3 Fatty Acids Exhibit Antagonistic and Non-Additive Effects in Experimental Diabetes
In conclusion, N-3 demonstrated antagonistic and non-additive actions with Sct. Moreover, the effects of the combined administration of Sct and N-3 are comparable to that of metformin and might be considered for therapy in diabetes. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - February 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin syndrome): genetic insights, diagnostic challenges, and unmet milestones
Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): Maryam Akbari, Harold Chen, Ghali Ghali, Grace Guo, Zachary Legan (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - January 31, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Increased Glomerular Bax/Bcl2 Ratio Is Positively Correlated With Glomerular Sclerosis In Lupus Nephritis
Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): Ghada Hosny, Wesam Ismail, Rania Makboul, Fatma A.M. Badary, Thanaa M.M. Sotouhy (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - January 31, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Folate receptor α is associated with poor clinicopathological perspectives in breast carcinoma
Conclusion Our work demonstrates that FRα is over expressed in IDC compared to non- neoplastic breast tissue. Folate receptor α expression was associated with poor clinicopathological perspective. This work suggests that FRα may be an independent prognostic factor and supports the possibility of using FRα- targeted therapies of breast carcinoma. However, our work requires validation on larger cohort with correlation with survival data of patients. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - January 27, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Moringa oleifera phytochemicals protect the brain against experimental nicotine-induced neurobehavioral disturbances and cerebellar degeneration
This study was designed to determine the histomorphological and neurobehavioural changes in the cerebellum of Wistar rats following nicotine insult and how such injuries respond to Moringa intervention. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Group A and B were orally treated with normal saline and Moringa oleifera respectively for twenty-eight days; Group C was treated with nicotine while group D was treated orally with Moringa oleifera and intraperitoneally with nicotine for twenty-eight days. Animals were subjected to the open field test on the last day of treatment. 24 h after last day treatmen...
Source: Pathophysiology - January 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Protective effects of Artemisia campestris extract against gastric acid reflux-induced esophageal mucosa injuries
In conclusion, we suggested that ACAE had potent protective effects against esophagitis due, in part, to its antioxidant properties as well as its opposite effect on some intracellular mediators. Graphical abstract (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - January 3, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Low CD4 cells and viral co-infection increase the risk of VaIN: Use of SCCA1 and Ki67 as diagno-prognostic biomarkers
This study evaluated the correlation of SCCA1, Ki67 and CD4 cell expressions and classified vaginal smears in individuals co-infected with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2), Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and Human Papilloma virus (HPV). This crossectional study included 173 participants within the age range of 20–70 years. Vaginal smears were stained by Papanicolaou technique and classified into high-grade squamous cell intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and negative for intraepithelial le...
Source: Pathophysiology - December 17, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Glucocorticoid Receptor Activation Selectively Influence Performance of Wistar Rats in Y-maze
This study investigated the behavioral phenotypes characteristic of GR stimulation in male Wistar rats. Rats in each of the four groups of rats received one of the following treatments: distilled water (control) or one of three doses of dexamethasone (treatment) injected intraperitoneally for 7 days. The Rats were afterwards subjected to the Y maze, the elevated plus maze (EPM), the Morris water maze (MWM), and the novel object recognition (NOR) test. At the end of the study, the animals were anesthetized and neural activity from the prefrontal cortex recorded. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture to evaluate the level...
Source: Pathophysiology - December 10, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Oral phenytoin protects against experimental cyclophosphamide-chemotherapy induced hair loss
This study showed that oral phenytoin can suppress hair loss due to CYP therapy in rats; however, further studies are needed to evaluate its potential application in chemotherapy-induced alopecia. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - December 6, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
