Inside front cover
Publication date: June 2018Source: Pathophysiology, Volume 25, Issue 2Author(s): (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin syndrome): genetic insights, diagnostic challenges, and unmet milestones
Publication date: June 2018Source: Pathophysiology, Volume 25, Issue 2Author(s): Maryam Akbari, Harold Chen, Grace Guo, Zachary Legan, Ghali GhaliAbstractIn this article, we present three clinical case reports on Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome (Gorlin Syndrome). Gorlin syndrome is an inherited medical condition with challenges that manifest in multiple body systems and complicate early diagnosis. We examine the epidemiology of the disease and benefits of genetic testing, molecular pathophysiology, and advancement in the molecular-based therapy of Basal Cell Nevus syndrome. The goal of this paper is to shed light on both unmet c...
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Increased glomerular Bax/Bcl2 ratio is positively correlated with glomerular sclerosis in lupus nephritis
ConclusionThe intrinsic pathway of apoptosis interfere in the pathogenesis of lupus glomerulonephritis. The balance between bax and bcl2 proteins might have a role in regulating the progression of glomeruli from proliferative to sclerotic state. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Revisiting colorectal cancer animal model – An improved metastatic model for distal rectosigmoid colon carcinoma
We report a reproducible model, using human CRC cell lines (CL) (WiDr, LS1034, C2BBe1) injected (1 × 107 cells/animal) in RNU rats (n = 55) which underwent cecostomy and descending colostomy with mucosal-cutaneous fistula of the sigmoid colon. CL were characterized by immunohistochemistry: CK20, CDX2, P53, vimentin, Ki67, CD44, CD133, E-cadherin, β-catenin and CEA; cancer stem cells-immune system interaction was studied and tumor progression was assessed with nuclear medicine imaging (99mTc-MIBI).Animals developed locally invasive tumors and with WiDr neural invasion was registered. Cancer stem cells were detecte...
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Ginger polyphenols attenuate cyclosporine-induced disturbances in kidney function: Potential application in adjuvant transplant therapy
Publication date: June 2018Source: Pathophysiology, Volume 25, Issue 2Author(s): Isiaka Ayofe Adekunle, Christian Eseigbe Imafidon, Ayowole Abraham Oladele, Abiodun Oladele AyokaAbstractCyclosporine (CYA), a common immuno-suppressant drug that is used in organ transplants, is associated with nephrotoxic effects. Scientific exploration of natural products of plant origin should be considered; especially, in a world with increasing prevalence of kidney diseases. Effects of ginger polyphenols (GP) in Wistar rats with CYA-induced perturbations in electrolyte balance and kidney function was determined. Fifty Wistar rats were re...
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Calcitonin and Omega–3 Fatty Acids Exhibit Antagonistic and Non-Additive Effects in Experimental Diabetes
In conclusion, N-3 demonstrated antagonistic and non-additive actions with Sct. Moreover, the effects of the combined administration of Sct and N-3 were comparable to that of metformin; therefore, they might be considered as therapeutic alternatives in diabetes. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
N-Acetylcysteine supplementation decreased brain lipid and protein oxidations produced by experimental homocysteine thiolactone exposure: Relevance to neurodegeneration
In this study, effects of HcyT treatment (500 mg/kg body weight/day in drinking water) for 6 weeks on serum Hcy levels and brain prooxidant-antioxidant balance were investigated in rats. The effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment (1 g/kg body weight/day in chow) for 6 weeks on HcyT-induced neurotoxicity was evaluated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), diene conjugate (DC), protein carbonyl (PC) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were determined in the brain tissue. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and non-protein sulfydryl groups (NPSH) levels as wel...
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases: Relevance to neurological disorders
Publication date: Available online 11 June 2018Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Sreenivasulu Dasari, Sailaja Gonuguntla, Muni Swamy Ganjayi, Suman Bukke, Basha Sreenivasulu, Balaji MerigaAbstractGlutathione S-tranferases (GSTs) are phase II drug metabolizing enzymes, they play crucial role in detoxification of environmental pollutants, carcinogens, drugs, xenobiotics and oxidative stress products. Genetic differences in expression and activity of GSTs are due to the existence of polymorphic alleles which encode them. Because of genetic polymorphism the GST activity has altered that lead to the increased susceptibility for...
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Royal jelly supplementation reduces skeletal muscle lipotoxicity and insulin resistance in aged obese rats
ConclusionAging and HFD were associated with disturbed metabolism, and muscle lipotoxicity and inflammation, while RJ could counteract muscle lipotoxicity in rats and reduce IR, most likely due to an anti–inflammatory effect. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Melatonin attenuates chronic immobilization stress-induced muscle atrophy in rats: Influence on lactate-to-pyruvate ratios and Na+/K+ ATPase activity
This study assessed the protective effect of melatonin against muscle atrophy provoked by chronic immobilization stress (CIS). CIS was induced in rats by limiting their trunk movement for 90 min daily for 6 weeks. Rats subjected to the CIS procedure demonstrated a substantial decrease in body weight, an increase in serum corticosterone, muscle atrophy, and an increase in atrogin-1 mRNA levels. An increase in the serum lactate-to-pyruvate ratio and the oxidative stress accompanied by a reduction of Na+/K+ ATPase activity could be responsible for these changes. Melatonin efficiently attenuated CIS-induced deleterious effec...
Source: Pathophysiology - July 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Attenuation of cytotoxicity induced by tBHP in H9C2 cells by Bacopa monniera and Bacoside A
Publication date: Available online 11 April 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): Mohan manu T., T. Anand, Farhath KhanumGraphical abstract (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - April 12, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Food additives, food and the concept of ‘food addiction’: Is stimulation of the brain reward circuit by food sufficient to trigger addiction?
Publication date: Available online 12 April 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): A.Y. Onaolapo, O.J. Onaolapo In the last few years, the concept of ‘food addiction’ has continued to gain popularity, with human and animal studies demonstrating the differential effects of foods that are high in fat, sugar or protein on appetite, satiety, eating behaviour and the development of food addiction. However, a number of studies have disputed the occurrence of food addiction in humans. Questions have also arisen regarding the possible impacts that food additives may have on the development of food addiction or eating disor...
Source: Pathophysiology - April 12, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Folic acid protects against experimental prenatal nicotine –induced cardiac injury by decreasing inflammatory changes, serum TNF and COX-2 expression
In conclusion, folic acid has a protective role against nicotine induced cardiac injury by reduction of COX-2 expression, decreasing TNF production and lipid peroxidation mediated cell injury. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - April 8, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Folic Acid Protects Against Experimental Prenatal Nicotine – Induced Cardiac Injury By Decreasing Inflammatory Changes, Serum TNF And Cox-2 Expression
Publication date: Available online 5 April 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): Marwa A. Ahmed, Heba M. Kamal, Ahmed M. Taha, Shimaa F. Abd -Allateef (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - April 6, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Consomic rats parental strains differ in sensory perception, pain developed following nerve injury and in IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels
Publication date: Available online 19 March 2018 Source:Pathophysiology Author(s): Andrew Young, Mythili Kalladka, Archana Viswanath, Tal Zusman, Junad Khan (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - March 20, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
