Runx2 plays a central role in Osteoarthritis development
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2019Source: Journal of Orthopaedic TranslationAuthor(s): Di Chen, Dongyeon J. Kim, Jie Shen, Zhen Zou, Regis J. O'KeefeAbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, is the leading cause of impaired mobility in the elderly, and accounts for more than a third of chronic moderate to severe pain. As a degenerative joint disorder, OA affects the whole joint and results in synovial hyperplasia, degradation of articular cartilage, subchondral sclerosis, osteophyte formation, and chronic pain. Currently, there is no effective drug to decelerate OA progression, and ...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 24, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
The shift in macrophages polarization after tendon injury: A systematic review
Discussion and conclusionIn spite of the limited number of articles included, findings from this study suggested that the process of inflammation plays an important role in acute Achilles tendon injuries, indicated by the increased expression of CD68+ Mφs. Low levels of CD206+ Mφs were constantly observed in complete Achilles tendon rupture, while high levels of CD80+ Mφs and CD206+ Mφs were observed in partial Achilles tendon rupture, which suggested the potential correlation between M2 Mφs and tendon structure. For chronic rotator cuff injury, CD68+ Mφs and CD206+ Mφs were higher in tendinopathic tissues in compar...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 24, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Leptin receptor–expressing cells represent a distinct subpopulation of notochord-derived cells and are essential for disc homoeostasis
In conclusion, our data prove LepR-Cre mice useful for mapping the fate of specific subpopulations of IVD cells and uncovering the underlying mechanisms of IDD. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 24, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Effects of staphylococcal infection and aseptic inflammation on bone mass and biomechanical properties in a rabbit model
ConclusionsInflammatory osteolysis caused by a high concentration of coagulase-positive staphylococci is significantly associated with low bone mass and impaired biomechanical properties.The translational potential of this articleIt is necessary to obtain an overall assessment of the bone mass and biomechanical properties before revision surgery, especially when S. aureus infection is involved. In addition, a better understanding of these two parameters might help develop a reasonable treatment regimen and reduce the risk of adverse events after revision surgery. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 21, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Machine learning–based identification of hip arthroplasty designs
ConclusionFemoral stem identification in patients with total hip arthroplasty was very accurate. This technology could be used to collect large-scale implant information. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 21, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Which implant is better for beginners to learn to treat geriatric intertrochanteric femur fractures: A randomised controlled trial of surgeons, metalwork, and patients
ConclusionsPFNA-II and GN-3 internal fixation are both effective methods for junior orthopaedic trauma surgeons to treat femoral intertrochanteric fracture. But our study reveals better results of the GN-3 group over the PFNA-II group on recovery rate. There is a high rate of cutout in patients treated with the GN-3, especially for those with bone defect or serious osteoporosis. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 19, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Percutaneous short-segment pedicle instrumentation assisted with O-arm navigation in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures
Publication date: Available online 5 December 2019Source: Journal of Orthopaedic TranslationAuthor(s): Peng Yang, Kangwu Chen, Kai Zhang, Jiajia Sun, Huilin Yang, Haiqing Mao (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 6, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
PEG-sheddable reduction-sensitive polyurethane micelles for triggered intracellular drug delivery for osteosarcoma treatment
In this study, PEG-sheddable reduction-sensitive polyurethane (SS-PU-SS-PEG) micelles were prepared for triggered intracellular drug delivery to improve the therapy efficacy of osteosarcoma. The SS-PU-SS-PEG micelles were about 80～90 nm in diameter and exhibited good biocompatibility and decent stability in PBS. In vitro drug release studies revealed that drug-loaded SS-PU-SS-PEG micelles released doxorubicin (DOX), a model drug used in this study, in a well-controlled fashion under a reductive environment. Nearly, 80% of the drug was released within 5 h. Intracellular release of DOX from the SS-PU-SS-PEG micelle...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 6, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Extracellular vesicles: Potential role in osteoarthritis regenerative medicine
This article reviews the potential role of exosomes in OA regenerative medicine. Special attention is given to mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes due to the extensive research on their cartilage repair property and their function as miRNA cargo. More investigations are needed for the effects of exosomes from synovial fluid and chondrocytes in joints. A better understanding of the mechanisms will contribute to a novel and promising therapy for OA patients. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 6, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Different subchondral trabecular bone microstructure and biomechanical properties between developmental dysplasia of the hip and primary osteoarthritis
ConclusionOur findings detected deteriorating subchondral trabecular bone microstructures in patients with DDH. The mass and type of subchondral trabecular bone play a key role in mechanical properties in DDH, which might be related to cartilage damage.The translational potential of this articleOur findings suggested that changes of subchondral trabecular bone play a critical role in DDH progression and that the improvement on subchondral trabecular bone may be a sensitive and promising way in treatment of DDH. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - December 3, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
A preliminary study of a novel robotic system for pedicle screw fixation: A randomised controlled trial
ConclusionThe outcome of screw accuracy of this robotic system was comparable with that of experienced surgeons, and no screw-related complication was found in the RA group during hospitalisation. In addition, radiation time per screw in the robotic group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group, which shows the potential to reduce radiation exposure of pedicle screw fixation assisted by this robotic system.Translational potentialOur study shows that pedicle screw fixation assisted by “Orthbot” system is accurate and safe. It is concluded that this novel robotic system offers a new option for interna...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - November 26, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Promoting osteoblasts responses in vitro and improving osteointegration in vivo through bioactive coating of nanosilicon nitride on polyetheretherketone
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2019Source: Journal of Orthopaedic TranslationAuthor(s): Yong Dai, Han Guo, Linyang Chu, Zihao He, Minqi Wang, Shuhong Zhang, Xifu ShangAbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) as an implanted biomaterial for bone substitute has become increasingly popular in orthopaedic and dental applications. However, PEEK is a bioinert material which displays no osteoconductivity. In this work, a bioactive coating of nanosilicon nitride (Si3N4, SN) with micro/nano structures on PEEK (CSNPK) was created by a method of suspension coating and melt bonding. The results revealed that surface roughne...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - November 22, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Subchondral bone deterioration in femoral heads in patients with osteoarthritis secondary to hip dysplasia: A case–control study
ConclusionsOsteoarthritic deteriorations of subchondral bone induced by hip dysplasia spread throughout the whole joint, but exhibit region-dependent variations, with the weight-bearing region more seriously affected. Biomechanical stress might exert a pivotal impact on subchondral bone homeostasis in hip dysplasia.The translational potential of this articleThe histomorphometric findings in the project indicate an early intervention for the development of hip dysplasia in clinic. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - November 21, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Diffusion of neutral solutes within human osteoarthritic cartilage: Effect of loading patterns
ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study to combine the cyclic compression and CEμCT scanning in the diffusion testing of human OA cartilage. This loading pattern could simulate the physiological conditions and reduce the time to reach solute equilibrium within cartilage. The diffusion data may contribute to joint drug-injection therapies for early OA.The translational potential of this articleThe combination of cyclic loading and CEμCT scanning enabled diffusion analysis of osteoarthritic cartilage under different compressions. A comprehensive evaluation of OA cartilage and subchondral bone may benefit from ...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - November 21, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Lubricin expression in the lumbar endplate and its association with Modic changes
ConclusionLubricin is present in the lumbar endplate where it may have an anti-inflammatory role. P. acnes infection inhibits lubricin expression by cartilage endplate cells and this may facilitate the progression of MCs and endplate degeneration.The translational potential of this articleLubricin may have an anti-inflammatory role. P. acnes infection inhibits lubricin expression by cartilage endplate cells and this may facilitate the progression of MCs and endplate degeneration. (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation)
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Translation - November 16, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
