Numerical simulation of aneurysmal haemodynamics with calibrated porous-medium models of flow-diverting stents
Modelling flow-diverting (FD) stents as porous media (PM) markedly improves the efficiency of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in the study of intracranial aneurysm treatment. Nonetheless, the parameters of PM models adopted for simulations up until now were rarely calibrated to match the represented FD structure. We therefore sought to evaluate the PM parameters for a representative variety of commercially available stents, so characterising the flow-diversion behaviours of different FD devices on the market. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 29, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yujie Li, Mingzi Zhang, David I. Verrelli, Winston Chong, Makoto Ohta, Yi Qian Source Type: research
Pelvis and Femur Geometry: Relationships with Impact Characteristics During Sideways Falls on the Hip
While metrics of pelvis and femur geometry have been demonstrated to influence hip fracture risk, attempts at linking geometry to underlying mechanisms have focused on fracture strength. We investigated the potential effects of femur and pelvis geometry on applied loads during lateral falls on the hip. Fifteen female volunteers underwent DXA imaging to characterize two pelvis and six femur geometric features. Additionally, participants completed low-energy sideways falls on the hip; peak impact force and pressure, contact area, and moment of force applied to the proximal femur were extracted. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 29, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Iris Levine, Steven Pretty, Parvaneh Nouri, Marina Mourtzakis, Andrew C. Laing Source Type: research
Harmonizing finite element modelling for non-invasive strength estimation by HR-pQCT
This study addresses the need to harmonize results across FE models. The aims are to establish the relationship between FE results as a function of boundary conditions and a range of tissue properties for the first-generation HR-pQCT system, and to determine appropriate model parameters for the second-generation HR-pQCT system. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 29, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Danielle E. Whittier, Sarah L. Manske, Douglas P. Kiel, Mary Bouxsein, Steven K. Boyd Source Type: research
Power in Sports: a literature review on the application, assumptions, and terminology of mechanical power in sport research
The quantification of mechanical power can provide valuable insight into athlete performance because it is the mechanical principle of the rate at which the athlete does work or transfers energy to complete a movement task. Estimates of power are usually limited by the capabilities of measurement systems, resulting in the use of simplified power models. This review provides a systematic overview of the studies on mechanical power in sports, discussing the application and estimation of mechanical power, the consequences of simplifications, and the terminology. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 29, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: E. van der Kruk, F.C.T. van der Helm, H.E.J. Veeger, A.L. Schwab Source Type: research
Structural role of Osteocalcin and Osteopontin in Energy Dissipation in Bone
This study used bone tissue from genetic deficient mice lacking OC and/or OPN and subjected them to a series of creep-fatigue-creep tests. To this end, whole tibiae were loaded in four-point bending to 70% stiffness loss which captured the three characteristic phases of fatigue associated with initiation, propagation, and coalescence of microdamage. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 28, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ond řej Nikel, Atharva A. Poundarik, Stacyann Bailey, Deepak Vashishth Source Type: research
Combined effects of aging and obesity on postural control, muscle activity and maximal voluntary force of muscles mobilizing ankle joint
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of age and/or obesity on postural control, ankle muscle activities during balance testing and force production capacities. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 24, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wael Maktouf, Sylvain Durand, S ébastien Boyas, Camille Pouliquen, Bruno Beaune Source Type: research
Combined effects of aging and obesity on postural stability, muscle activity and maximal voluntary force of muscles mobilizing ankle joint
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of age and/or obesity on postural control, ankle muscle activities during balance testing and force production capacities. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 24, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wael Maktouf, Sylvain Durand, S ébastien Boyas, Camille Pouliquen, Bruno Beaune Source Type: research
Estimation of vertical walking ground reaction force in real-life environments using single IMU sensor
Monitoring natural human gait in real-life environments is essential in many applications, including quantification of disease progression, monitoring the effects of treatment, and monitoring alteration of performance biomarkers in professional sports. Walking ground reaction forces are among the key parameters necessary for gait analysis. However, these parameters are commonly measured using force plates or instrumented treadmills which are expensive and bulky and can only be used in a controlled laboratory environment. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: E. Shahabpoor, A. Pavic Source Type: research
Assessment of vertebral wedge strength using cancellous textural properties derived from digital tomosynthesis and density properties from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and high resolution computed tomography
The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of digital tomosynthesis (DTS) derived cancellous bone textural measures to predict vertebral strength under conditions simulating a wedge fracture. 40 vertebral bodies (T6, T8, T11, and L3 levels) from 5 male and 5 female cadaveric donors were utilized. The specimens were scanned using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) to obtain measures of bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC), and DTS to obtain measures of bone texture. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yener N. Yeni, Woong Kim, Daniel Oravec, Mary Nixon, George W. Divine, Michael J. Flynn Source Type: research
Comparison of NOCSAE Head Kinematics Using the Hybrid III and EuroSID-2 Necks
Anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) are designed for specific loading scenarios and possess uniquely designed individual components including the neck. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the neck surrogate on head kinematics. Inertial loads were generated using a pendulum system with an anthropomorphic head attached to a Hybrid III (HIII) or EuroSID-2 (ES-2) neck. The ATD head-neck assemblies were tested under extension, flexion, lateral bending, oblique extension, and oblique flexion at 3.4 m/s. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mark T. Begonia, Frank A. Pintar, Narayan Yoganandan Source Type: research
Non-uniformity in the healthy Patellar Tendon is greater in males and similar in different age groups
There is increasing evidence that tendons are heterogeneous and take advantage of structural mechanisms to enhance performance and reduce injury. Fascicle-sliding, for example, is used by energy-storing tendons to enable them to undergo large extensions while protecting the fascicles from damage. Reductions in fascicle-sliding capacity may thus predispose certain populations to tendinopathy. Evidence from the Achilles tendon of significant superficial-to-deep non-uniformity that is reduced with age supports this theory. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Laura Chernak Slane, F élix Dandois, Stijn Bogaerts, Hilde Vandenneucker, Lennart Scheys Source Type: research
Individual Muscle Contributions to Tibiofemoral Compressive Articular Loading during Walking, Running and Sidestepping
The tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) experiences large compressive articular contact loads during activities of daily living, caused by inertial, ligamentous, capsular, and most significantly musculotendon loads. Comparisons of relative contributions of individual muscles to TFJ contact loading between walking and sporting movements have not been previously examined. The purpose of this study was to determine relative contributions of individual lower-limb muscles to compressive articular loading of the medial and lateral TFJ during walking, running, and sidestepping. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: BA. Killen, DJ. Saxby, K. Fortin, BS. Gardiner, TV. Wrigley, AL. Bryant, DG. Lloyd Source Type: research
Development and evaluation of a new methodology for the fast generation of patient-specific Finite Element models of the buttock for sitting-acquired Deep Tissue Injury prevention
The occurrence and management of Pressure Ulcers remain a major issue for patients with reduced mobility and neurosensory loss despite significant improvement in the prevention methods. These injuries are caused by biological cascades leading from a given mechanical loading state in tissues to irreversible tissue damage. Estimating the internal mechanical conditions within loaded soft tissues has the potential of improving the management and prevention of PU. Several Finite Element models of the buttock have therefore been proposed based on either MRI or CT-Scan data. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Aur élien Macron, Hélène Pillet, Jennifer Doridam, Alexandre Verney, Pierre-Yves Rohan Source Type: research
Three-Dimensional Temporomandibular Joint Muscle Attachment Morphometry and Its Impacts on Musculoskeletal Modeling
The objectives of this study were to quantify the three-dimensional (3D) human TMJ muscle attachment morphometry and examine its impact on TMJ mechanics. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Xin She, Feng Wei, Brooke J. Damon, Matthew C. Coombs, Daniel G. Lee, Michael K. Lecholop, Thierry H. Bacro, Martin B. Steed, Naiquan Zheng, Xiaojing Chen, Hai Yao Source Type: research
Effect of guided bone regeneration on bone quality surrounding dental implants
The objective of this study is to examine the nanoindentation based elastic modulus (E) at different bone regions adjacent to titanium dental implants with guided bone regeneration (GBR) treated with DBM and BMP-2 during different post-implantation periods. Six adult male beagle dogs were used to create circumferential defects with buccal bone removal at each implantation site of mandibles. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Trenton B. Johnson, Ben Siderits, Seth Nye, Yong-Hoon Jeong, Seung-Hee Han, In-Chul Rhyu, Jung-Suk Han, Toru Deguchi, F. Michael Beck, Do-Gyoon Kim Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
