Prediction of stenting related adverse events through patient-specific finite element modelling
Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) calcific obstruction is frequent after homograft conduit implantation to treat congenital heart disease. Stenting and percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) can relieve the obstruction and prolong the conduit lifespan, but require accurate pre-procedural evaluation to minimize the risk of coronary artery (CA) compression, stent fracture, conduit injury or arterial distortion.Herein, we test patient-specific finite element (FE) modeling as a tool to assess stenting feasibility and investigate clinically relevant risks associated to the percutaneous intervention. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 13, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Alessandro Caimi, Francesco Sturla, Francesca Romana Pluchinotta, Luca Giugno, Francesco Secchi, Emiliano Votta, Mario Carminati, Alberto Redaelli Source Type: research
Influence of proximal trunk borne load on lower limb countermovement joint dynamics
This study aimed to identify coordinative factors across four modes of variation using Parallel Factor (Parafac2) analysis, which may differentiate unloaded (body weight [BW]) from loaded (BW + 20% BW) countermovement jump (CMJ). (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 13, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Bernard X.W. Liew, Nathaniel E. Helwig, Susan Morris, Kevin Netto Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Pressure and flow in the umbilical cord
A fluid dynamic study of blood flow within the umbilical vessels of the human maternal-fetal circulatory system is considered. It is found that the umbilical coiling index (UCI) is unable to distinguish between cords of significantly varying pressure and flow characteristics, which are typically determined by the vessel curvature, torsion and length. Larger scale geometric non-uniformities superposed over the inherent coiling, including cords exhibiting width and/or local UCI variations as well as loose true knots, typically produce a small effect on the total pressure drop. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 9, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: D.J. Wilke, J.P. Denier, T.Y. Khong, T.W. Mattner Source Type: research
A monte carlo analysis of muscle force estimation sensitivity to muscle-tendon properties using a hill-based muscle model
In this study, we used Monte-Carlo simulations to evaluate the sensitivity of Hill-based model muscle forces to changes in 11 parameters in the muscle-tendon unit morphological properties and in the model force-length and force-velocity relationships. We decomposed the force variability and ranked the sensitivity of the model to the underlying parameters using the Variogram Analysis of Response Surfaces. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 9, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: P. Bujalski, J. Martins, L. Stirling Source Type: research
Modelling of the forces acting on the human stomatognathic system during dynamic symmetric incisal biting of foodstuffs
A major stage in the preparation of a computational model of the human stomatognathic system is the determination of the values of the forces for the adopted loading configuration. In physiological conditions, food is a factor having a significant effect on the values of the loads acting on the stomatognathic system. Considering that the act of mastication is a complex process, this research undertook to determine the forces (bite forces, muscular forces and temporomandibular joint reaction forces) acting on the stomatognathic system during the dynamic symmetric incisal biting of selected foodstuffs. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 9, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Przemys ław Stróżyk, Jacek Bałchanowski Source Type: research
Automated, Accurate, and Three-dimensional Method for Calculating Sagittal Slope of the Tibial Plateau
Increased posterior-inferior directed slope of the subchondral bone of the lateral tibial plateau is a risk factor for noncontact rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). However, previous measures of lateral tibial slope are variable from study-to-study and often lack documentation of their accuracy. These factors impede identifying the magnitude of lateral tibial slope that increases risk of noncontact ACL rupture. Therefore, we developed and evaluated a new method that: 1) requires minimal user input, 2) employs 3D renderings of the tibia that are referenced to a 3D anatomic coordinate system, and 3) is precise,...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 9, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mark J. Amirtharaj, Brendan Hardy, Robert N. Kent III, Danyal H. Nawabi, Thomas L. Wickiewicz, Andrew D. Pearle, Carl W. Imhauser Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
The effect of charge density on the velocity and attenuation of ultrasound waves in human cancellous bone
Cancellous bone is a highly porous material, and two types of waves, fast and slow, are observed when ultrasound is used for detecting bone diseases. There are several possible stimuli for bone remodelling processes, including bone fluid flow, streaming potential, and piezoelectricity. Poroelasticity has been widely used for elucidating the bone fluid flow phenomenon, but the combination of poroelasticity with charge density has not been introduced. Theoretically, general poroelasticity with a varying charge density is employed for determining the relationship between wave velocity and attenuation with charge density. (Sou...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 9, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Young June Yoon Source Type: research
The shape and mobility of the thoracic spine in asymptomatic adults – A systematic review of in vivo studies
A comprehensive knowledge of the thoracic shape and kinematics is essential for effective risk prevention, diagnose and proper management of thoracic disorders and assessment of treatment or rehabilitation strategies as well as for in silico and in vitro models for realistic applications of boundary conditions.After an extensive search of the existing literature, this study summarizes 45 studies on in vivo thoracic kyphosis and kinematics and creates a systematic and detailed database. The thoracic kyphosis over T1 –12 determined using non-radiological devices (34°) was relatively less than measured using radiological d...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 6, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fumin Pan, Ali Firouzabadi, Sandra Reitmaier, Thomas Zander, Hendrik Schmidt Tags: Review Source Type: research
The shape and mobility of the thoracic spine in asymptomatic adults - A systematic review of in vivo studies
A comprehensive knowledge of the thoracic shape and kinematics is essential for effective risk prevention, diagnose and proper management of thoracic disorders and assessment of treatment or rehabilitation strategies as well as for in silico and in vitro models for realistic applications of boundary conditions.After an extensive search of the existing literature, this study summarizes 45 studies on in vivo thoracic kyphosis and kinematics and creates a systematic and detailed database. The thoracic kyphosis over T1 –12 determined using non-radiological devices (34°) was relatively less than measured using radiological d...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 6, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fumin Pan, Ali Firouzabadi, Sandra Reitmaier, Thomas Zander, Hendrik Schmidt Tags: Review Source Type: research
The influence of systemic-to-pulmonary arterial shunts and peripheral vasculatures in univentricular circulations: focus on coronary perfusion and aortic arch hemodynamics through computational multi-domain modeling
In this study, multi-domain models of univentricular circulations were developed to investigate local hemodynamics and flow distribution in the presence of two shunt configurations. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 6, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chiara Corsini, Francesco Migliavacca, Tain-Yen Hsia, Giancarlo Pennati, for the Modeling of Congenital Hearts Alliance (MOCHA) Investigators Source Type: research
Metal ion release barrier function and biotribological evaluation of a zirconium nitride multilayer coated knee implant under highly demanding activities wear simulation
Total knee arthroplasty is a well established treatment for degenerative joint disease, which is also performed as a treatment in younger and middle-aged patients who have a significant physical activity and high life expectancy. However, complications may occur due to biological responses to wear particles, as well as local and systemic hypersensitivity reactions triggered by metal ions and particles such as cobalt, chromium and molybdenum. The purpose of the study was to perform a highly demanding activities (HDA) knee wear simulation in order to compare the wear characteristics and metal ion release barrier function of ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 6, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ana Laura Puente Reyna, Bernhard Fritz, Jens Schwiesau, Christoph Schilling, Burkhard Summer, Peter Thomas, Thomas M. Grupp Source Type: research
Landmark registering waveform data improves the ability to predict performance measures
The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefit of landmark registration when applied to waveform data. We compared the ability of data reduced from time-normalised and landmark registered vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) waveforms captured during maximal countermovement jumps (CMJ) of 53 active male subjects to predict jump height. vGRF waveforms were landmark registered using different landmarks resulting in four registration conditions: (i) end of the eccentric phase, (ii) adding maximum centre of mass (CoM) power, (iii) adding minimum CoM power, (iv) adding minimum vGRF. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Sarah Moudy, Chris Richter, Siobhan Strike Source Type: research
Altered joint kinetic strategies of healthy older adults and individuals with Parkinson ’s disease to walk at faster speeds
Individuals with Parkinson ’s disease (PD) exhibit poorer walking performance compared to healthy, age-matched adults. Lower extremity joint kinetics may provide insight into this performance deficit but are currently lacking in the PD literature, especially across multiple speeds. The primary purpose of this study was to c ompare joint kinetics between individuals with PD and healthy older adults at both comfortable and maximal walking speeds. Secondarily, we quantified relationships between joint kinetics and walking speeds within each group. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Daniel Kuhman, Kelley G Hammond, Christopher P Hurt Source Type: research
Joint moments ’ contributions to vertically accelerate the center of mass during stair ambulation in the elderly: an induced acceleration approach
Falls are a serious problem faced by the elderly. Older adults report mostly to fall while performing locomotor activities, especially the ones requiring stair negotiation. During these tasks, older adults, when compared with young adults, seem to redistribute their lower limb joint moments. This may indicate that older adults use a different strategy to accelerate the body upward during these tasks. The purposes of this study were to quantify the contributions of each lower limb joint moment to vertically accelerate the center of mass during stair ascent and descent, in a sample of community-dwelling older adults, and to ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Vera Moniz-Pereira, Thomas M. Kepple, Silvia Cabral, Filipa Jo ão, António P. Veloso Source Type: research
Joint contact stresses calculated for acetabular dysplasia patients using discrete element analysis are significantly influenced by the applied gait pattern
The objective of this study was to understand how the gait pattern used to load computational models of dysplastic hips influences computed joint mechanics. Three-dimensional pre- and post-operative hip models of thirty patients previously treated for hip dysplasia with periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) were developed for performing discrete element analysis (DEA). (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - August 1, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Holly D. Thomas-Aitken, Michael C. Willey, Jessica E. Goetz Source Type: research
