A Device for High-Throughput Monitoring of Degradation in Soft Tissue Samples
This work describes the design and validation of a novel device, the High-Throughput Degradation Monitoring Device (HDD), for monitoring the degradation of 24 soft tissue samples over incubation periods of several days inside a cell culture incubator. The device quantifies sample degradation by monitoring its deformation induced by a static gravity load. Initial instrument design and experimental protocol development focused on quantifying cartilage degeneration. Characterization of measurement errors, caused mainly by thermal transients and by translating the instrument sensor, demonstrated that HDD can quantify sample de...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - May 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: D.S. Tzeranis, I. Panagiotopoulos, S. Gkouma, G. Kanakaris, N. Georgiou, N. Vaindirlis, G. Vasileiou, M. Neidlin, A. Gkousioudi, V. Spitas, G.A. Macheras, L.G. Alexopoulos Source Type: research
A long-lasting bisphosphonate partially protects periprosthetic bone, but does not enhance initial stability of uncemented femoral stems: A randomized placebo-controlled trial of women undergoing total hip arthroplasty
Low bone quality may compromise the success of cementless total hip arthroplasty in high-risk patients such as elderly women. Zoledronic acid is a long-lasting antiresorptive agent, which is known to reduce short-term periprosthetic bone loss. However, its effect on femoral stem stability is not well known. Forty-nine female patients with a mean age of 68 years (range, 51 –85 years) scheduled to undergo cementless total hip arthroplasty due to osteoarthritis were randomized in this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to receive a single postoperative infusion of zoledronic acid or placebo. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - May 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Erik Aro, Niko Moritz, Kimmo Mattila, Hannu T. Aro Source Type: research
Strain rate dependency of bovine trabecular bone under impact loading at sideways fall velocity
This study aimed to quantify the effect of strain rate () on modulus of elasticity (E), ultimate stress ( σu), failure energy (Uf), and minimum stress (σm) of trabecular bone in order to improve the biofidelity of material properties used in dynamic simulations of sideways fall loading on the hip. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - May 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: William S. Enns-Bray, Stephen J. Ferguson, Benedikt Helgason Source Type: research
Mitral Annuloplasty Ring Flexibility Preferentially Reduces Posterior Suture Forces
Annuloplasty ring repair is a common procedure for the correction of mitral valve regurgitation. Commercially available rings vary in dimensions and material properties. Annuloplasty ring suture dehiscence from the native annulus is a catastrophic yet poorly understood phenomenon that has been reported across ring types. Recognizing that sutures typically dehisce from the structurally weaker posterior annulus, our group is conducting a multi-part study in search of ring design parameters that influence forces acting on posterior annular sutures in the beating heart. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - May 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Eric L. Pierce, Charles H. Bloodworth, Akito Imai, Keitaro Okamoto, Yoshiaki Saito, Robert C. Gorman, Joseph H. Gorman, Ajit P. Yoganathan Source Type: research
Influence of the chest compression measurement method on assessment of restraint performance in side-impact Crash Scenarios
Side impact crashes contribute a significant number of fatal injuries (25% of road fatalities in the USA in 2016), with severe thoracic injuries diagnosed in 58% of front near-side impact occupants. Epidemiological data indicate that thoracic-only side airbags (tSABs) are not as effective as laboratory testing has suggested, and one of the reasons for this may be the use of surrogate-specific injury assessment methods, which are not directly transferable between Anthropometric Test Devices (ATDs) and Post-Mortem Human Surrogates (PMHSs). (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - May 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Donata Gierczycka, Duane Cronin Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 29, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Assessment of isometric muscle strength and rate of torque development with hand-held dynamometry: Test-retest reliability and relationship with gait velocity after stroke
Isometric rate of torque development examines how quickly force can be exerted and may resemble everyday task demands more closely than isometric strength. Rate of torque development may provide further insight into the relationship between muscle function and gait following stroke. Aims of this study were to examine the test-retest reliability of hand-held dynamometry to measure isometric rate of torque development following stroke, to examine associations between strength and rate of torque development, and to compare the relationships of strength and rate of torque development to gait velocity. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 27, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Benjamin F Mentiplay, Dawn Tan, Gavin Williams, Brooke Adair, Yong-Hao Pua, Kelly J Bower, Ross A Clark Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Fibroblasts change spreading capability and mechanical properties in a direct interaction with keratinocytes in conditions mimicking wound healing
Skin, the largest human organ, mainly participates in protection against external mechanical, chemical and biological factors (Akomeah et al., 2008). Its structure is composed of distinct cells forming three main layers, i.e. epidermis, dermis and hypodermis (Bouwstra and Honeywell-Nguyen, 2002). Epidermis and dermis are separated by basal membrane, organization of which (in adult skin) results partially from the cooperative interaction between fibroblasts and keratinocytes through production of extracellular matrix proteins (El Ghalbzouri and Ponec, 2004; Sorrell and Caplan, 2004). (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 27, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Barbara Orzechowska, Joanna Pabijan, Joanna Wiltowska-Zuber, Joanna Zem ła, Małgorzata Lekka Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 26, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Stochastic mechanical model of vocal folds for producing jitter and for identifying pathologies through real voices
Jitter, in voice production applications, is a random phenomenon characterized by the deviation of the glottal cycle length with respect to a mean value. Its study can help in identifying pathologies related to the vocal folds according to the values obtained through the different ways to measure it. This paper aims to propose a stochastic model, considering three control parameters, to generate jitter based on a deterministic one-mass model for the dynamics of the vocal folds and to identify parameters from the stochastic model taking into account real voice signals experimentally obtained. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 26, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: E. Cataldo, C. Soize Source Type: research
On the Variation in Maternal Birth Canal In Vivo Viscoelastic Properties and Their Effect on the Predicted Length of Active Second Stage and Levator Ani Tears
The pubovisceral muscles (PVM) help form the distal maternal birth canal. It is not known why 13% of vaginal deliveries end in PVM tears, so insights are needed to better prevent them because their sequelae can lead to pelvic organ prolapse later in life. In this paper we provide the first quantification of the variation in in vivo viscoelastic properties of the intact distal birth canal in healthy nulliparous women using Fung ’s Quasilinear Viscoelastic Theory and a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial of constant force birth canal dilation to 8 cm diameter in the first stage of labor in 26 nullipara. (Sourc...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Paige V Tracy, Shreya Wadhwani, Jourdan Triebwasser, Alan S Wineman, Francisco J Orejuela, Susan M Ramin, John O DeLancey, James A Ashton-Miller Source Type: research
Joint moments and contact forces in the foot during walking
The objective of the study is to estimate active moments by muscles, passive moments by connective tissues and joint contact forces in the foot joints during walking. Joint kinematics and external forces of ten healthy subjects (all males, 24.7 ±1.2 years) were acquired during walking. The data were entered into the five-segment musculoskeletal foot model to calculate muscle forces and joint contact forces of the foot joints using an inverse dynamics-based optimization. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yongcheol Kim, Kyoung Min Lee, Seungbum Koo Source Type: research
Assessment of human left ventricle flow using statistical shape modelling and computational fluid dynamics
This study aims to provide a new framework to generate more generalized insights into LV blood flow as a function of changes in anatomy and wall motion. In this framework, we studied the four-dimensional blood flow in LV via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in conjunction with a statistical shape model (SSM), built from segmented LV shapes of 150 subjects. (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: S.S. Khalafvand, J.D. Voorneveld, A. Muralidharan, F.J.H. Gijsen, J.G. Bosch, T. van Walsum, A. Haak, N. de Jong, S. Kenjeres Source Type: research
Kinematics and Kinetics of the Shoe during Human Slips
Slips and falls are among the leading causes of occupational injuries. Slips, trips and falls (STF) lead to over 9 million treated cases in hospital emergency departments (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017) and more than one-fourth of the non-fatal occupational injuries in 2015 (U.S. Department of Labor- Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016). A survey among young adults indicated that about half of the falling accidents are caused by slips (Heijnen and Rietdyk, 2016). STF prevention programs often recommend use of slip-resistant footwear to reduce slip risk (Bell et al., 2008). (Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 24, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Arian Iraqi, Raki é Cham, Mark S. Redfern, Natasa S. Vidic, Kurt E. Beschorner Source Type: research
Microscale Frictional Strains Determine Chondrocyte Fate in Loaded Cartilage
Mounting evidence suggests that altered lubricant levels within synovial fluid have acute biological consequences on chondrocyte homeostasis. While these responses have been connected to increased friction, the mechanisms behind this response remain unknown. Here, we combine a frictional bioreactor with confocal elastography and image-based cellular assays to establish the link between cartilage friction, microscale shear strain, and acute, adverse cellular responses. Our incorporation of cell-scale strain measurements reveals that elevated friction generates high shear strains localized near the tissue surface, and that t...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - April 24, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Edward D. Bonnevie, Michelle L. Delco, Lena R. Bartell, Naveen Jasty, Itai Cohen, Lisa A. Fortier, Lawrence J. Bonassar Source Type: research
