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First detection of Mycobacterium triplex in Latin America
In this study we describe the first isolation of Mycobacterium triplex in Latin America. This species causes infections in humans, with very few reports from around the world. We isolated two sputum specimens of a patient with a 6-year history of human immunodeficiency and tuberculosis treatment failure. All tests used confirmed M. triplex and the patient responded well to drug therapy for 18months. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 9, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Diabetes mellitus and its influence on sputum smear positivity at the 2nd month of treatment among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A case control study
Conclusion Based on the findings, identification of these factors is valuable in strengthening the management and treatment of tuberculosis in Malaysia in the future. This study emphasizes the importance of diabetes screening and integration of diabetic controls among tuberculosis patients in achieving better treatment outcome. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 1, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Hookworm infection among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: Impact of co-infection on the therapeutic failure of pulmonary tuberculosis
Conclusion In conclusion, the rate of therapeutic failure of pulmonary TB is high. Besides older age and DM, hookworm infection can reduce the therapeutic response of pulmonary TB. Screening for and control of DM and hookworm infection among patients with pulmonary TB may improve their therapeutic response. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 1, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Correlating rrs and eis promoter mutations in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with phenotypic susceptibility levels to the second-line injectables
Conclusion This study provides a preliminary basis for the prediction of phenotypic-resistance levels to the second-line injectables based upon the presence of genetic mutations associated with amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin resistance. The results suggest that isolates with eis promoter mutations have consistently lower resistance levels to amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin than isolates with the rrs A1401G mutation. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 1, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Nested reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reactions targeting the messenger RNA of icl2, hspx, and rRNAP1 genes to detect viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly from clinical specimens
This study was aimed at the optimization and application of nested reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reactions targeting the messenger RNA of the icl 2, hspx, and rRNAP1 genes directly from sputum specimens, and their evaluation against the culture by the BACTEC MicroMGIT mycobacterial culture system. Sputum samples (n =203) from clinically suspected tuberculosis patients and 30 control specimens (clinically proven viral or bacterial infections other than tuberculosis) were included in this study. The mycobacterial culture was performed by the BACTEC MicroMGIT system following the manufacturer’s instructions. The ...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 1, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Morphological changes in experimental tuberculosis resulting from treatment with quercetin and polyvinylpyrrolidone
Conclusion QP produces a clear delineation of caseous necrosis from an uninfected tissue by connective-tissue formation, and by forming fibrotic tissue in the center of epithelioid cells that prevents further TB dissemination by enhancing TB pharmacotherapy. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - September 6, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

In vitro antimycobacterial activity of six Cameroonian medicinal plants using microplate alamarBlue assay
Conclusion These results confirm and validate the traditional use of these plants to treat respiratory diseases, which could be good sources and alternatives of plant metabolites for anti-TB-drug development. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - September 6, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance pattern against first-line drugs in patients from urban area
Conclusion Our study confirms that drug resistance, including MDR, observed against all first-line TB drugs was a real threat in the management of TB infection in Indonesia. The resistance pattern identified in this study could assist clinicians in providing appropriate treatment regimen to TB patients and improve their clinical outcome. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - September 4, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Pseudotumoral form of soft-tissue tuberculosis of the wrist
We report the case of a 45-year-old male presenting with a painful swelling of the dorsal aspect of the right wrist evolving for six months. Clinical study was evoking a ganglion cyst of the wrist. Intraoperatively a pseudotumoral mass with rice bodies was found, suggesting tuberculous tenosynovitis. The histopathological study revealed caseating giant cell granulomas with epithelioid cells. Cultures on Löwenstein–Jensen medium detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Synovectomy with removal of all the rice bodies followed by anti-tuberculous chemotherapy provided uneventful recovery. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - August 30, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Interaction of antimicrobial peptide with mycolyl transferase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Publication date: Available online 19 August 2015 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Devjani I. Banerjee, Tejas P. Gohil It is estimated that about 40% of the Indian population are infected with tuberculosis (TB) and that ∼3,000,000 people die as a result of TB annually. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2011, the World Health Organization declared India as having the highest TB burden worldwide. An important criteria for pathogenicity is the presence of mycolic acid linked to the protective outer membrane of bacteria. Mycolyl transferase catalyzes the transfer of mycolic aci...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - August 21, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Sequence comparison of six human microRNAs genes between tuberculosis patients and healthy individuals
Conclusion This result could have been influenced by the sample size and the selection of miRNA genes, which need to be addressed in future studies. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - July 30, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Anambra State, Nigeria
This study showed that the LAM10-CAM prototype SIT61 accounted for highest number of isolates (n =89) in Anambra State, showing its relative contribution to the TB burden in the study. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - July 30, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis during cancer treatment
Publication date: Available online 18 July 2015 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Ramon E.A. Jacobs, Ping Gu, Abraham Chachoua Reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can occur in patients with latent tuberculosis (TB) with risk factors including chronic disease (i.e., malignancy). We herein describe the case of an immigrant from Hong Kong with lung cancer and no known TB disease who presents with reactivation of TB in the setting of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - July 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Study of mechanism of interaction of truncated isoniazid–nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide adduct against multiple enzymes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a computational approach
Conclusion Thus, in silico docking study revealed that the INH–NAD adduct, which is generated in vivo after INH activation, may undergo spontaneous hydrolysis to form the truncated INH–NAD adduct and further binds and inhibits multiple enzymes of MTB, in addition to InhA, confirming that INH is an effective anti-TB drug acting at multiple enzymes. Further analysis of amino acid residues in the active site of INH–NAD-binding proteins showed the probable presence of catalytic triad in four enzymes possibly involved in INH binding to the enzyme. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - July 17, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Algeria: Results of spoligotyping
Conclusion The study of strains isolated between January and December 2011 has allowed insight into the frequency of different genomic families and the importance of existing clusters in the population of central and eastern Algeria. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - July 17, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research