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Risk assessment of hepatotoxicity among tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS-coinfected patients under tuberculosis treatment
Conclusion The results showed that human immunodeficiency virus status and alcohol consumption constitutes aggravating factors for the occurrence of hepatic toxicity. In addition, the consumption of antioxidant foods simultaneously with TB drugs help in reducing the hepatotoxic effects of these drugs. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - June 6, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

An exceptional location of tuberculous arthritis: The metatarsal phalangeal joint
We report a case of tuberculous osteoarthritis of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the first ray of the foot in a 48-year-old woman. The patient presented with painful swelling of the dorsum of the big toe, insidiously evolving for 6months. Diagnosis was obtained with histological study after surgical biopsy. Antitubercular chemotherapy for 12months promoted healing. Through this clinical case the authors describe the epidemiological, diagnostic features, and treatment of osteoarticular tuberculosis and discuss the causes of delayed diagnosis often encountered in these exceptional locations and differential diagnoses, gout...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - June 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Nontuberculous mycobacteria in fistula-in-ano: A new finding and its implications
Conclusion: NTM can cause fistula-in-ano. It could be an undiagnosed contributory factor in fistula recurrence. Mycobacterial disease (both tuberculous and nontuberculous) may be associated with delayed recurrence of fistula. RT-PCR is highly sensitive and can differentiate between NTM and MTB. It should perhaps be performed in all recurrent and refractory cases. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 31, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
Conclusion: Front-loaded smear microscopy has similar performance compared with the standard scheme. More presumptive PTB cases defaulted in the standard than in the front-loaded scheme. Front-loaded smear microscopy could therefore be used in the diagnosis in PTB in Anambra State. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Nontuberculous mycobacterial adenitis outside of the head and neck region in children: A case report and systematic review of the literature
We present a case of NTM inguinal adenitis in a 2-year-old girl, followed by a systematic review of the literature. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in artisanal cheese in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil
Publication date: Available online 14 May 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Renata D.S. Cezar, Norma Lucena-Silva, Jonas M. Borges, Vania L.A. Santana, José W.P. Junior The present study was aimed at detecting Mycobacterium bovis in artisanal cheese using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. One hundred seven cheese samples (250g) were purchased in 107 commercial establishments including neighborhood grocery stores, bakeries, and open-air markets from 19 municipalities of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Ten grams of each cheese sample were macerated with sterile s...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Tuberculosis of the glans penis mimicking as carcinoma
Publication date: Available online 10 May 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Dawood Khan, Arpan Choudhary, Avisek Dutta, Imran Khan Penile tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon variety of genitourinary TB. It is either primary (via local spread) or secondary (spread of infection from other organs). We encountered a case of rapidly growing penile ulceration, resembling carcinoma. Biopsy revealed the classic picture of TB, which responded well to antitubercular treatment. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 10, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Adequacy of examining one sputum specimen in tuberculosis drug resistance surveys
Conclusion The findings of the study reveal the adequacy of single spot sputum specimen from smear positive pulmonary TB patients for bacteriological examination in a quality-assured TB laboratory to determine precisely the level of drug resistance in a province of India. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 9, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Determinants of health system delay at public and private directly observed treatment, short course facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Conclusion Determinants of HSD at the public and private DOTS facilities vary. Strategies to reduce HSD at both public and private DOTS facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria, are urgently needed. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 9, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

An unusual outbreak of nontuberculous mycobacteria in hospital respiratory wards: Association with nontuberculous mycobacterial colonization of hospital water supply network
Publication date: Available online 6 May 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Salvatore D’Antonio, Paola Rogliani, Gregorino Paone, Alfonso Altieri, Mario Giuseppe Alma, Mario Cazzola, Ermanno Puxeddu The incidence and prevalence of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection is increasing worldwide arousing concerns that NTM infection may become a serious health challenge. We recently observed a significant increase of NTM-positive sputa samples from patients referred to respiratory disease wards of a large tertiary hospital in Rome. A survey to identify possible ...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 5, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Increased detection of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis by GeneXpert MTB/RIF® assay after bleach concentration
Conclusion Testing of a single sputum sample by Xpert can reach reasonable sensitivity and results would be available on the same day, avoiding loss of patients and treatment delay. The sensitivity of Xpert was improved after bleach concentration and pelleting, although its added value needs further study on a larger scale. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - May 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Increased detection of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis by GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin assay after bleach concentration
Conclusion Testing of a single sputum sample by Xpert can reach reasonable sensitivity and results would be available on the same day, avoiding loss of patients and treatment delay. The sensitivity of Xpert was improved after bleach concentration and pelleting, although its added value needs further study on a larger scale. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - April 24, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Limonia acidissima L. leaf mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles: A potent tool against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Conclusion Phytosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles is a green, eco-friendly technology because it is inexpensive and pollution free. In the present investigation, based on our results we conclude that the aqueous extract of leaves of L. acidissima can be used for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. These nanoparticles control the growth of M. tuberculosis and this was confirmed with the microplate alamar blue method. The potential of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles may be harnessed as a novel medicine ingredient to combat tuberculosis disease. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - March 30, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Pulmonary aspergilloma: An evasive disease
This report describes the case of a patient being treated for smear-negative TB who presented with hemoptysis and was found to have an aspergilloma. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - March 23, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Magnitude and treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a poor urban slum of Abia State, Nigeria
Conclusions: The study revealed high proportion of PTB, mostly smear-positive TB with HIV-associated outcomes in the slum and underlines the need to ensure early TB diagnosis and improve access to HIV care for HIV co-infected patients in this setting. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - March 23, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research