International Journal of Mycobacteriology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug resistant, and totally drug resistant tuberculosis in Middle East countries
Publication date: Available online 2 September 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Mohanad M. Ahmed, Ali A. Velayati, Suhad H. Mohammed The 2015 represent the deadline for the global tuberculosis (TB) targets set through the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). From 2016 and onward, new goals were set to end the global TB epidemic via implementing new campaign entitled “the End TB Strategy”. The major hurdle to end TB epidemic in several parts of the world is the emergence and spread of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains. The better understanding of the actual globa...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Emerging clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Russia and former Soviet Union countries: Beijing genotype and beyond
Publication date: Available online 4 September 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Igor Mokrousov (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Pericardial tuberculosis with an emphasis on empiric therapy in endemic areas for tuberculosis (a case report)
We report a 13-year-old girl with massive pericardial effusion and negative workup for TB, who was empirically treated with an excellent response. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Relation between smear positivity and imaging findings in children with pulmonary tuberculosis
Conclusion We found an association between cavity, tree-in-bud, and upper lobe nodular infiltration, and smear positivity in children with TB. Furthermore, we also found an association between lymphadenopathy and collapse in the negative smear group. Moreover, the positive smear group had radiologic manifestation of postprimary TB, whereas the negative smear group had primary TB manifestation. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

New insights into the mechanism of action of pyrazinamide, implications for susceptibility testing, and future regimens
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Richard M. Anthony, Alice den Hertog, Mikael Mansjö, Jim Werngren Pyrazinamide (PZA) is included in the 2016 World Health Organization multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment guidelines and is a key component of most ongoing clinical trials investigating novel antibiotic combinations. PZA resistance is associated with worse tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Unfortunately, for such an important drug, phenotypic susceptibility testing is extremely challenging. The exacting bacterial growth conditions requ...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Sequelae of extrapulmonary tuberculosis after treatment: Addressing patient needs
Conclusion Early reliable diagnosis and anti-TB treatment, often with steroids, is essential for control of disease and prevention of complications. Patients need to be monitored clinically and supported psychologically, logistically, and socially to return to lead productive lives after extrapulmonary TB infections. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Tuberculosis in vulnerable populations in Eastern Mediterranean Region —Implications for control
Conclusion TB control requires a strategic approach at the country level to access these vulnerable populations. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Invasive forms of Candida and Aspergillus in sputum samples of pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending the tuberculosis reference laboratory in Ghaemshahr, Northern Iran: An analysis of samples collected during the past 10years
Conclusion Northern Iran is a critical region in the TB world and multidrug-resistant TB is a serious problem in this region. Although it is believed that there exists a commensal relationship between fungus and TB infections, the invasive forms of fungal pathogens and their co-infection can be caused by increasing disability and failure of treatment. Diagnosis of secondary or co-existing fungal infections in TB is most important for reducing the mortality and morbidity of these patients. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Benefits and challenges of molecular diagnostics for childhood tuberculosis
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Cristina Gutierrez Expanding tuberculosis (TB)-diagnostic services, including access to rapid tests, is a World Health Organization (WHO) strategy to accelerate progress toward ending TB. Faster and more sensitive molecular tests capable of diagnosing TB and drug-resistant TB have the technical capacity to address limitations associated with smears and cultures by increasing accuracy and shortening turnaround times as compared with those of these conventional laboratory methods. Nucleic acid amplification ass...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Post-tuberculosis pulmonary function and noninfectious pulmonary disorders
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Muhammad Irfan Tuberculosis (TB) is among the top infectious causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is associated with frequent pulmonary damage despite microbiological cure. Patients with treated TB may remain lifelong sufferers of disabling structural and functional sequelae of the disease, which subsequently impair quality of life. Long-term follow-up studies have revealed that many patients with treated pulmonary TB show signs of permanent impairment of their lung function. Impairment is variable...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Identifying patients at high risk of tuberculosis recurrence
Publication date: Available online 21 September 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Ruxana T. Sadikot Several studies have been done in relation to recurrence of tuberculosis (TB) following completion of treatment. However, recurrence of TB is still a major problem from a public health perspective in high-burden countries, where no special attention is being given to this issue. Disease recurrence is an important indicator of the efficacy of antituberculosis treatment. The rate of recurrence is highly variable and has been estimated to range from 4.9% to 25%. This variability is not only a r...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Implementation of new tools for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis detection and control
Publication date: Available online 21 September 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Robin M. Warren Contrary to classical dogma, molecular epidemiological studies and mathematical modeling clearly show that the global drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is driven by transmission. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence demonstrating that amplification of resistance occurs during treatment, possibly as a result of insufficient active drugs being administered. To control the drug-resistant TB epidemic, it will be essential to implement new, rapid, and highly sensitive and specific diagno...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Pulmonary infections after tuberculosis
Conclusion Limited diagnostic and therapeutic capacities compounded by nonavailability of essential antimicrobials in most high-TB-burden countries pose great challenges to physicians involved in the management of these infections. These infections affect the overall outcome and lead to high cost for public health systems. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - October 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Increased detection of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis by GeneXpert MTB/RIF ® assay after bleach concentration
Conclusion Testing of a single sputum sample by Xpert can reach reasonable sensitivity and results would be available on the same day, avoiding loss of patients and treatment delay. The sensitivity of Xpert was improved after bleach concentration and pelleting, although its added value needs further study on a larger scale. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - June 17, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Chronic tenosynovitis of the hand caused by Mycobacterium heraklionense
Publication date: Available online 16 June 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Nana Aburjania, Warren C. Hammert, Meenakshi Bansal, Brendan F. Boyce, Sonal S. Munsiff Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly recognized as a cause of infection in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. Mycobacterium heraklionense is a recently described member of the Mycobacterium terrae complex. Herein we report a case of M. heraklionense chronic flexor tenosynovitis in the hand, managed with surgery and antibiotics. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - June 16, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research