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High prevalence of elevated haemoglobin A1C among adolescent blood donors: Results from a voluntary screening programme including 31,546 adolescents
More than 1 in 10 US adolescents have prediabetes or diabetes, and elevated glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) in youth is associated with increased risk of death before the age of 55 years. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study of 31,546 consecutive volunteer blood donors, 16–19 years of age, who donated blood during school blood drives between 1 September 2011 and 21 December 2012 in Texas. In the overall cohort, the prevalence of elevated HbA1C was 11.5%, including 11.0% in the prediabetes range (HbA1C 5.7%–6.4%) and 0.5% in the diabetes range (HbA1C >= 6.5%). The prevalence of elevated HbA1C wa...
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Gore, M. O., Eason, S. J., Ayers, C. R., Turer, A. T., Khera, A., de Lemos, J. A., McGuire, D. K., Sayers, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Survival of diabetes patients with major amputation is comparable to malignant disease
Discussion: The prognosis of patients with major amputation due to diabetic foot syndrome is comparable to patients with malignant diseases. Vascular interventions did not improve the individual prognosis of patients. (Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hoffmann, M., Kujath, P., Flemming, A., Pross, M., Begum, N., Zimmermann, M., Keck, T., Kleemann, M., Schloericke, E. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Role of lipoprotein(a) in predicting the severity of new on-set coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetics: A Gensini score evaluation
The objective of the study was to investigate the usefulness of serum lipoprotein(a) level in predicting the severity of new on-set coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetics. A total of 1254 new on-set, consecutive coronary artery disease patients were classified into two groups: diabetes group (n = 380) and non-diabetes group (n = 874). The relationship between serum lipoprotein(a) levels and the severity of coronary artery disease assessed by Gensini score was analysed. Data showed that the diabetes group had higher serum triglyceride and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels but lower high-density lipoprotein cho...
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chen, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Chen, M.-H., Guo, Y.-L., Zhu, C.-G., Xu, R.-X., Dong, Q., Li, J.-J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Combination of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin with insulin-based regimens in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease
Glucose-lowering treatment options for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic kidney disease are limited. We evaluated the potential for linagliptin in combination with insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with mild-to-severe renal impairment. Data for participants in two phase 3 trials with linagliptin who were receiving insulin were analysed separately (n = 811). Placebo-adjusted mean HbA1c changes from baseline were –0.59% (mild renal impairment) and –0.69% (moderate renal impairment) after 24 weeks and –0.43% (severe renal impairment) after 12 weeks. Drug-related adverse events with li...
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: McGill, J. B., Yki-Jarvinen, H., Crowe, S., Woerle, H.-J., von Eynatten, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Metabolic abnormalities of the heart in type II diabetes
Type 2 diabetes mellitus escalates the risk of heart failure partly via its ability to induce a cardiomyopathic state that is independent of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Although the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy has yet to be fully elucidated, aberrations in cardiac substrate metabolism and energetics are thought to be key drivers. These aberrations include excessive fatty acid utilisation and storage, suppressed glucose oxidation and impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. An appreciation of how these abnormalities arise and synergise to promote adverse cardiac remodelling is critical to ...
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Amaral, N., Okonko, D. O. Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

Diabetic cardiomyopathy: An expression of stage B heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Heart failure is now recognized as a progressive disease in which patients transition through the stages of being at risk of heart failure (stage A), to asymptomatic structural heart disease (stage B), to clinical manifestations of heart failure (stage C) and finally end-stage or refractory heart failure (stage D). This review outlines the key role of diabetes mellitus as a stage A risk factor for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and asymptomatic diabetic cardiomyopathy, referring to the presence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in diabetic patients without coronary artery disease, hypertension or o...
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lam, C. S. Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

Sudden cardiac death in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic heart failure
In patients with diabetes mellitus, around 50% of deaths due to cardiovascular causes are sudden cardiac deaths. The prevalence of diabetes in cohorts with chronic heart failure is increasing, and while sudden cardiac death is an increasingly rare mode of death in chronic heart failure patients as a whole, the risk of this outcome remains high in those with diabetes. This review summarises the current knowledge on the incidence of sudden cardiac death in patients with diabetes and chronic heart failure, before discussing the causes of the excess risk seen in those with these coexistent conditions. We then describe current ...
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Walker, A. M., Cubbon, R. M. Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

Chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The last battle?
(Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - June 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kearney, M. T. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Oral nitrite therapy improves vascular function in diabetic mice
Conclusion: These data suggest that sodium nitrite may be a novel therapy for treating diabetes-related vascular dysfunction; however, the mechanisms of improvement are unknown. (Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sindler, A. L., Cox-York, K., Reese, L., Bryan, N. S., Seals, D. R., Gentile, C. L. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Promoter methylation of fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 gene is associated with obesity and dyslipidaemia in Chinese children
This study provides the first evidence that the methylation levels of the FAIM2 promoter are significantly associated with obesity and are independently associated with dyslipidaemia and its components in Chinese children. (Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wu, L., Zhao, X., Shen, Y., Zhang, M.-X., Yan, Y., Hou, D., Meng, L., Liu, J., Cheng, H., Mi, J. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in hyperglycaemia-induced coronary microvascular dysfunction: Protective role of resveratrol
Microvascular complications are now recognized to play a major role in diabetic complications, and understanding the mechanisms is critical. Endothelial dysfunction occurs early in the course of the development of complications; the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction may occur in a diabetic rat heart and may act as a source of the oxidative stress. However, the role of endothelial cell-specific mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic vascular complications is poorly studied. Here, we studied the role of diabetes-induced abnormal endothelial mitochondrial function and the resultant endothel...
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Joshi, M. S., Williams, D., Horlock, D., Samarasinghe, T., Andrews, K. L., Jefferis, A.-M., Berger, P. J., Chin-Dusting, J. P., Kaye, D. M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

C-peptide as a risk factor of coronary artery disease in the general population
Conclusion: Elevated C-peptide is associated with the incidence of myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease in the general population. It can be an earlier predictor of coronary events than impaired fasting glucose. (Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Cabrera de Leon, A., Oliva Garcia, J. G., Marcelino Rodriguez, I., Almeida Gonzalez, D., Aleman Sanchez, J. J., Brito Diaz, B., Dominguez Coello, S., Bertomeu Martinez, V., Aguirre Jaime, A., Rodriguez Perez, M. d. C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Sex difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular-related risk factors in urban adults from 33 communities of China: The CHPSNE study
In conclusion, metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in urban areas of China, and there is heterogeneity by sex in the relationships between risk factors and metabolic syndrome prevalence. (Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Song, Q.-B., Zhao, Y., Liu, Y.-Q., Zhang, J., Xin, S.-J., Dong, G.-H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Impact of diabetes and diastolic dysfunction on exercise capacity in normotensive patients without coronary artery disease
Conclusion: Exercise capacity was found to be significantly decreased in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes without coronary artery disease, and this decrease was independent of diastolic dysfunction. (Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Gurdal, A., Kasikcioglu, E., Yakal, S., Bugra, Z. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Assessment of structural cardiac abnormalities and diastolic function in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Conclusion: Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus seem to have a different diastolic profile as well as a mildly dysfunctional pattern on echocardiogram, which may show a need for greater glycaemic control. (Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research)
Source: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Oliveira, A. P., Calderon, I. M., Costa, R. A., Roscani, M. G., Magalhaes, C. G., Borges, V. T. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research