Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

A theoretical analysis of chemical exchange saturation transfer echo planar imaging (CEST ‐EPI) steady state solution and the CEST sensitivity efficiency‐based optimization approach
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is sensitive to dilute labile protons and microenvironmental properties, augmenting routine relaxation‐based MRI. Recent developments of quantitative CEST (qCEST) analysis such as omega plots and RF‐power based ratiometric calculation have extended our ability to elucidate the underlying CEST system beyond the simplistic apparent CEST measurement. CEST MRI strongly varies with experimental factors, including the RF irradiation level and duration as well as repetition time and flip angle. In addition, the CEST MRI effect is typically small, and experimental optimization s...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - June 15, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Weiping Jiang, Iris Yuwen Zhou, Lingyi Wen, Xin Zhou, Phillip Zhe Sun Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging)
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - June 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Sortase A ‐mediated site‐specific labeling of camelid single‐domain antibody‐fragments: a versatile strategy for multiple molecular imaging modalities
A generic site‐specific conjugation method that generates a homogeneous product is of utmost importance in tracer development for molecular imaging and therapy. We explored the protein‐ligation capacity of the enzyme Sortase A to label camelid single‐domain antibody‐fragments, also known as nanobodies. The versatility of the approach was demonstrated by conjugating independently three different imaging probes: the chelating agents CHX‐A"‐DTPA and NOTA for single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with indium‐111 and positron emission tomography (PET) with gallium‐68, respectively, and the fluores...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - May 4, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Sam Massa, Niravkumar Vikani, Cecilia Betti, Steven Ballet, Saskia Vanderhaegen, Jan Steyaert, Benedicte Descamps, Christian Vanhove, Anton Bunschoten, Fijs W. B. Leeuwen, Sophie Hernot, Vicky Caveliers, Tony Lahoutte, Serge Muyldermans, Catarina Xavier, Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

Surgical tissue handling methods to optimize ex vivo fluorescence with the activatable optical probe γ‐glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green
In conclusion, we demonstrate that the method of tissue handling prior to ex vivo imaging with the activatable probe gGlu‐HMRG has a strong influence on the signal derived from the specimen. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. When testing enzyme activatable optical probes such as gGlu‐HMRG on excised specimens it is important to either keep the specimen intact or use it on a cut surface. Rinsing or pressing the specimen is not recommended, as it decreases the intensity of gGlu‐HMRG activation and may even cause false positives if the GGT is relocated outsid...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Toshiko Harada, Yuko Nakamura, Kazuhide Sato, Tadanobu Nagaya, Peter L. Choyke, Yasuyuki Seto, Hisataka Kobayashi Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Chemical and in vitro characterizations of a promising bimodal AGuIX probe able to target apoptotic cells for applications in MRI and optical imaging
Different studies on AGuIX nanoparticles have been achieved in the biomedical domain, showing that they allow us to combine multimodal and theranostic properties in oncology. The targeting of apoptotic cells presents a wide range of biomedical applications, including the monitoring of antitumoral therapy and the diagnosis of diseases related to this process, such as atherosclerosis, ischemia, chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders. AGuIX nanoparticles functionalized with a peptide that recognizes apoptotic cells and with organic fluorophores were characterized by several physicochemical and biological methods such as...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Mario Dentamaro, François Lux, Luce Vander Elst, Nicolas Dauguet, Sylvie Montante, Albert Moussaron, Carmen Burtea, Robert N. Muller, Olivier Tillement, Sophie Laurent Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

MR imaging, targeting and characterization of pulmonary fibrosis using intra‐tracheal administration of gadolinium‐based nanoparticles
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating disease. Animal models are critical to develop new diagnostic approaches. We investigate here whether the application of an ultra‐short echo time MRI sequence combined with the intra‐tracheal administration of Gd‐based nanoparticles can help to visualize and characterize pulmonary fibrosis in mice. 21 mice were imaged. Treated mice were administered bleomycin. MRI was used for longitudinal detection of bleomycin‐induced lung injury from Day 1 up to Day 60. On Day 30, all mice received nanoparticles and MR images were acquired. A signal enhancement of 120% and 50% in fi...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Nawal Tassali, Andrea Bianchi, François Lux, Gérard Raffard, Stéphane Sanchez, Olivier Tillement, Yannick Crémillieux Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

Design of functionalized gold nanoparticle probes for computed tomography imaging
The development of new molecules able to efficiently act as long‐circulating computed tomography (CT) contrast agents is one of the most crucial topics in the biomedical field. In the last years, the chance to manipulate materials at the nano‐size level gave new boost to this research, with the specific aim to design innovative nanoprobes. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have showed unique X‐rays attenuation properties which, combined with their easy surface functionalization, makes them ideal candidates for the next generation of contrast agents. In this paper, we present a rational and facile approach to synthesize engi...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Alessandro Silvestri, Vanessa Zambelli, Anna M. Ferretti, Domenico Salerno, Giacomo Bellani, Laura Polito Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

Co‐precipitation of DEAE‐dextran coated SPIONs: how synthesis conditions affect particle properties, stem cell labelling and MR contrast
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are widely used as contrast agents for stem cell tracking using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The total mass of iron oxide that can be internalised into cells without altering their viability or phenotype is an important criterion for the generation of contrast, with SPIONs designed for efficient labelling of stem cells allowing for an increased sensitivity of detection. Although changes in the ratio of polymer and iron salts in co‐precipitation reactions are known to affect the physicochemical properties of SPIONs, particularly core size, the effects of these synth...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Michael Barrow, Arthur Taylor, Jaime García Carrión, Pranab Mandal, B. Kevin Park, Harish Poptani, Patricia Murray, Matthew J. Rosseinsky, Dave J. Adams Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

A theoretical analysis of chemical exchange saturation transfer echo planar imaging (CEST‐EPI) steady state solution and the CEST sensitivity efficiency‐based optimization approach
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is sensitive to dilute labile protons and microenvironmental properties, augmenting routine relaxation‐based MRI. Recent developments of quantitative CEST (qCEST) analysis such as omega plots and RF‐power based ratiometric calculation have extended our ability to elucidate the underlying CEST system beyond the simplistic apparent CEST measurement. CEST MRI strongly varies with experimental factors, including the RF irradiation level and duration as well as repetition time and flip angle. In addition, the CEST MRI effect is typically small, and experimental optimization s...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Weiping Jiang, Iris Yuwen Zhou, Lingyi Wen, Xin Zhou, Phillip Zhe Sun Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

The effect of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles surface engineering on relaxivity of magnetoliposome
The purpose of this work is evaluating the effect of ultra small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIONs) coatings on encapsulation efficiency in liposomes and cellular cytotoxicity assay. Moreover, we assessed the effects of surface engineering on the relaxivity of magnetoliposome nanoparticles in order to create a targeted reagent for the intelligent diagnosis of cancers by MRI. For estimating the effect of nanoparticle coatings on encapsulation, several kinds of USPIONs coated by dextran, PEG5000 and citrate were used. All kinds of samples are monodispersed and below 100 ± 10 nm and the coatings of US...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Sepideh Khaleghi, Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh, Davoud Ahmadvand, Mahrooz Malek, Hamid Reza Madaah Hosseini Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

HyperCEST detection of cucurbit[6]uril in whole blood using an ultrashort saturation Pre ‐pulse train
Xenon based biosensors have the potential to detect and localize biomarkers associated with a wide variety of diseases. The development and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterization of cage molecules which encapsulate hyperpolarized xenon is imperative for the development of these xenon biosensors. We acquired 129Xe NMR spectra, and magnetic resonance images and a HyperCEST saturation map of cucurbit[6]uril (CB6) in whole bovine blood. We observed a mean HyperCEST depletion of 84% (n = 5) at a concentration of 5 mM and 74% at 2.5 mM. Additionally, we collected these data using a pulsed HyperCEST saturation ...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 12, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Francis T. Hane, Peter S. Smylie, Tao Li, Julia Ruberto, Krista Dowhos, Iain Ball, Boguslaw Tomanek, Brenton DeBoef, Mitchell S. Albert Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

Contrast agent comparison for three ‐dimensional micro‐CT angiography: A cadaveric study
In this study, the lower limb vessels of 16 embalmed Wistar rats, and four sets of cannulae of known diameter, were injected with one of three different contrast agents (barium sulfate and resin, barium sulfate and gelatin, and lead oxide combined with milk powder). All were then scanned using micro‐computed tomography (CT) angiography and 3‐D reconstructions generated. The number of branching generations of the rat lower limb vessels were counted and compared between the contrast agents using ANOVA. The diameter of the contrast‐filled cannulae, were measured and used to calculate the accuracy of the measurements by ...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 12, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Mitchell J. Kingston, Diana M. Perriman, Teresa Neeman, Paul N. Smith, Alexandra L. Webb Tags: Personal communication Source Type: research

Developing imidazoles as CEST MRI pH sensors
A series of intra‐molecular hydrogen bonded imidazoles and related heterocyclic compounds were screened for their N–H chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast properties. Of the compounds, imidazole‐4,5‐dicarboxamides (I45DCs) were found to provide the strongest contrast, with the contrast produced at a large chemical shift from water (7.8 ppm) and strongly dependent on pH. We have tested several probes based on this scaffold, and demonstrated that these probes could be applied for in vivo detection of kidney pH after intravenous administration. Copyright © 2016 John...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 12, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Xing Yang, Xiaolei Song, Sangeeta Ray Banerjee, Yuguo Li, Youngjoo Byun, Guanshu Liu, Zaver M. Bhujwalla, Martin G. Pomper, Michael T. McMahon Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

How transfer rates generate Gd ‐BOPTA concentrations in rat liver compartments: implications for clinical liver imaging with hepatobiliary contrast agents
Following the injection of hepatobiliary contrast agents, MRI detects all molecules included in a region of interest but cannot estimate true concentrations in sinusoids, interstitium, hepatocytes or bile canaliculi. The aim of the study was to measure true concentrations in hepatocytes and to show how transfer rates across sinusoidal and canalicular membranes generate these concentrations. We perfused livers isolated from normal rats with 200 μM Gd‐DTPA and Gd‐BOPTA and measured clearances from sinusoids to liver and from hepatocytes to bile canaliculi or back to interstitium. We detected Gd‐BOPTA with a gamma pr...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 4, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Catherine M. Pastor Tags: Full paper Source Type: research

Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging)
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - April 3, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research