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Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a means to track mesenchymal stem cells in a large animal model of tendon injury
The goal of this study was to establish an SPIO‐based cell‐tracking method in an ovine model of tendonitis and to determine if this method may be useful for further study of cellular therapies in tendonitis in vivo. Functional assays were performed on labeled and unlabeled cells to ensure that no significant changes were induced by intracellular SPIOs. Following biosafety validation, tendon lesions were mechanically (n = 4) or chemically (n = 4) induced in four sheep and scanned ex vivo at 7 and 14 days to determine the presence and distribution of intralesional cells. Ovine MSCs labeled with 50 µg SPIOs/mL remained v...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Alexandra Scharf, Shannon Holmes, Merrilee Thoresen, Jennifer Mumaw, Alaina Stumpf, John Peroni Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Optoacoustic imaging enabled biodistribution study of cationic polymeric biodegradable nanoparticles
Nanosized contrast agents for molecular imaging have attracted widespread interest for diagnostic applications with high resolution in medicine. However, many solid nanoparticles exhibit a great potential to induce toxicity, hindering their use for clinical applications. On the other hand, near‐infrared (NIR) dyes have also been used for extensive biological applications, but show some limitations due to their poor aqueous stability, tendency to aggregation and rapid elimination from the body. An alternative proposed in this work to overcome these limitations is the use of NIR dye‐loaded nanoparticles. Here we introduc...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Susana P. Egusquiaguirre, Nicolas Beziere, José Luís Pedraz, Rosa M. Hernández, Vasilis Ntziachristos, Manuela Igartua Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Multimodal approach to assess tumour vasculature and potential treatment effect with DCE‐US and DCE‐MRI quantification in CWR22 prostate tumour xenografts
The aim of this study was to compare intratumoural heterogeneity and longitudinal changes assessed by dynamic contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (DCE‐US) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) in prostate tumour xenografts. In vivo DCE‐US and DCE‐MRI were obtained 24 h pre‐ (day 0) and post‐ (day 2) radiation treatment with a single dose of 7.5 Gy. Characterization of the tumour vasculature was determined by Brix pharmacokinetic analysis of the time–intensity curves. Histogram analysis of voxels showed significant changes (p < 0.001) from day 0 to day 2 in both modalities for ...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: N. Arteaga‐Marrero, C. B. Rygh, J. F. Mainou‐Gomez, K. Nylund, D. Roehrich, J. Heggdal, P. Matulaniec, O. H. Gilja, R. K. Reed, L. Svensson, N. Lutay, D. R. Olsen Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Optimized time‐resolved imaging of contrast kinetics (TRICKS) in dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in small animal tumor models
Anti‐tumor efficacy of targeted peptide‐receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) relies on several factors, including functional tumor vasculature. Little is known about the effect of PRRT on tumor vasculature. With dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE‐) MRI, functional vasculature is imaged and quantified using contrast agents. In small animals DCE‐MRI is a challenging application. We optimized a clinical sequence for fast hemodynamic acquisitions, time‐resolved imaging of contrast kinetics (TRICKS), to obtain DCE‐MRI images at both high spatial and high temporal resolution in mice and rats. Using TRICKS, functional v...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Joost Haeck, Karin Bol, Sander Bison, Sandra Tiel, Stuart Koelewijn, Marion Jong, Jifke Veenland, Monique Bernsen Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Nanoparticle‐stabilized microbubbles for multimodal imaging and drug delivery
Microbubbles (MBs) are routinely used as contrast agents for ultrasound imaging. The use of ultrasound in combination with MBs has also attracted attention as a method to enhance drug delivery. We have developed a technology platform incorporating multiple functionalities, including imaging and therapy in a single system consisting of MBs stabilized by polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐coated polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs, containing lipophilic drugs and/or contrast agents, are composed of the widely used poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) polymer and prepared in a single step. MBs stabilized by these NPs are subsequently...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Ýrr Mørch, Rune Hansen, Sigrid Berg, Andreas K. O. Åslund, Wilhelm R. Glomm, Siv Eggen, Ruth Schmid, Heidi Johnsen, Stephan Kubowicz, Sofie Snipstad, Einar Sulheim, Sjoerd Hak, Gurvinder Singh, Birgitte H. McDonagh, Hans Blom, Catharina Davies, Per M. Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Molecular imaging of tumors with nanobodies and antibodies: Timing and dosage are crucial factors for improved in vivo detection
The utility of nanobodies and conventional antibodies for in vivo imaging is well known, but optimum dosing and timing schedules for one versus the other have not been established. We aimed to improve specific tumor imaging in vivo with nanobodies and conventional antibodies using near‐infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging. We used ARTC2 expressed on lymphoma cells as a model target antigen. ARTC2‐specific nanobody s+16a and conventional antibody Nika102 were labeled with NIRF‐dye AF680. In vivo NIRF‐imaging of ARTC2‐positive and ARTC2‐negative xenografts was performed over 24 h post‐injection of 5, 10, 25, ...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Peter Bannas, Alexander Lenz, Valentin Kunick, Lennart Well, William Fumey, Björn Rissiek, Friedrich Haag, Joanna Schmid, Kerstin Schütze, Anna Eichhoff, Martin Trepel, Gerhard Adam, Harald Ittrich, Friedrich Koch‐Nolte Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for in vivo molecular and cellular imaging
In the last decade, the biomedical applications of nanoparticles (NPs) (e.g. cell tracking, biosensing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), targeted drug delivery, and tissue engineering) have been increasingly developed. Among the various NP types, superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) have attracted considerable attention for early detection of diseases due to their specific physicochemical properties and their molecular imaging capabilities. A comprehensive review is presented on the recent advances in the development of in vitro and in vivo SPION applications for molecular imaging, along with opportunities and challe...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Shahriar Sharifi, Hajar Seyednejad, Sophie Laurent, Fatemeh Atyabi, Amir Ata Saei, Morteza Mahmoudi Tags: Review Source Type: research

Three‐Dimensional Contrasted Visualization of Pancreas in Rats Using Clinical MRI and CT Scanners
The purpose of this work was to visualize the pancreas in post‐mortem rats with local contrast medium infusion by three‐dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) using clinical imagers. A total of 16 Sprague Dawley rats of about 300 g were used for the pancreas visualization. Following the baseline imaging, a mixed contrast medium dye called GadoIodo‐EB containing optimized concentrations of Gd‐DOTA, iomeprol and Evens blue was infused into the distally obstructed common bile duct (CBD) for post‐contrast imaging with 3.0 T MRI and 128‐slice CT scanners. Images were post...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Ting Yin, Walter Coudyzer, Ronald Peeters, Yewei Liu, Marlein Miranda Cona, Yuanbo Feng, Qian Xia, Jie Yu, Yansheng Jiang, Steven Dymarkowski, Gang Huang, Feng Chen, Raymond Oyen, Yicheng Ni Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging)
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 19, 2015 Category: Radiology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Covalent coupling of gum arabic onto superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI cell labeling: physicochemical and in vitro characterization
Gum arabic (GA) is a hydrophilic composite polysaccharide derived from exudates of Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal trees. It is biocompatible, possesses emulsifying and stabilizing properties and has been explored as coating agent of nanomaterials for biomedical applications, namely magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Previous studies focused on the adsorption of GA onto MNPs produced by co‐precipitation methods. In this work, MNPs produced by a thermal decomposition method, known to produce uniform particles with better crystalline properties, were used for the covalent coupling of GA through its free amine groups, which inc...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - January 1, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Susana I. C. J. Palma, Alexandra Carvalho, Joana Silva, Pedro Martins, Marzia Marciello, Alexandra R. Fernandes, Maria Puerto Morales, Ana C. A. Roque Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging)
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - December 10, 2014 Category: Radiology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics of Gd(DO3A‐Lys) and MR imaging studies in an orthotopic U87MG glioma tumor model
Pharmacokinetics of Gd(DO3A‐Lys), a macrocyclic gadolinium‐based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent functionalized with a lysine derivative, was studied in Wistar rats. Kinetic data were fitted using a two‐compartment model and revealed Gd(DO3A‐Lys) to have a distribution half‐life, t1/2(α), of 1.3 min, an elimination half‐life, t1/2(β), of 24.9 min and a large volume of distribution, VD, of 0.49 L/kg indicative of the agent being able to rapidly distribute into tissues and organs. Contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE‐MRA) in an orthotopic U87MG glioma mouse model demons...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - November 1, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Prashant Chandrasekharan, Chang‐Tong Yang, Fatima Ali Nasrallah, Hui Chien Tay, Kai‐Hsiang Chuang, Edward G. Robins Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

A review of optimization and quantification techniques for chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI toward sensitive in vivo imaging
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is a versatile imaging method that probes the chemical exchange between bulk water and exchangeable protons. CEST imaging indirectly detects dilute labile protons via bulk water signal changes following selective saturation of exchangeable protons, which offers substantial sensitivity enhancement and has sparked numerous biomedical applications. Over the past decade, CEST imaging techniques have rapidly evolved owing to contributions from multiple domains, including the development of CEST mathematical models, innovative contrast agent designs, sensitive data acquisition sch...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - November 1, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Jinsuh Kim, Yin Wu, Yingkun Guo, Hairong Zheng, Phillip Zhe Sun Tags: Review Source Type: research

Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging)
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - October 13, 2014 Category: Radiology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Ultrasmall particles for Gd‐MRI and 68Ga‐PET dual imaging
Nanoparticles made of a polysiloxane matrix and surrounded by 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1‐glutaric anhydride‐4,7,10‐triacetic acid (DOTAGA)[Gd3+] and 2,2'‐(7‐(1‐carboxy‐4‐((2,5‐dioxopyrrolidin‐1‐yl)oxy)‐4‐oxobutyl)‐1,4,7‐triazonane‐1,4‐diyl)diacetic acid) NODAGA[68Ga3+] have been synthesized for positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MRI) dual imaging. Characterizations were carried out in order to determine the nature of the ligands available for radiolabelling and to quantify them. High radiolabelling purity (>95%) after 68Ga labelling was obtained. The MR and P...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - September 1, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Charles Truillet, Penelope Bouziotis, Charalambos Tsoukalas, Jérémy Brugière, Matteo Martini, Lucie Sancey, Thomas Brichart, Franck Denat, Frédéric Boschetti, Ulrich Darbost, Isabelle Bonnamour, Dimitris Stellas, Constantinos D. Anagnostopoulos, Vass Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research