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Antibodies Against Gangliosides in Patients With Dementia
Conclusion: This study indicates that elevated IgM anti-GM1 may be connected with the neurodegeneration in older patients with severe dementia and that AD may also be associated with increased IgM anti-GD1b levels. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 18, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hatzifilippou, E., Koutsouraki, E., Costa, V. G., Baloyannis, S. J. Tags: Review Source Type: research

The Value and Underutilization of Simple Reading Glasses in Geropsychiatry Inpatient Settings
For almost everyone, the need for reading glasses is an inevitable part of the second half of life. Forgetting one’s reading glasses at a restaurant can be a disturbing reminder of one’s dependence on them. For geriatric inpatients, however, the value of reading glasses in improving quality of life and preventing delirium may be overlooked. Subsequently, the authors present a brief review of visual impairment, the relationship of visual impairment and cognition and the cost of reading glass, and the results of a survey that was conducted to determine the proportion of inpatient geriatric psychiatry inpatient un...
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 18, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Barnes, S. S., Sewell, D. D. Tags: Thoughts, Opinions, and Controversies Source Type: research

Multisensory Stimulation on Mood, Behavior, and Biomedical Parameters in People With Dementia: Is it More Effective Than Conventional One-to-One Stimulation?
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of multisensory stimulation in a multisensory stimulation environment (MSSE) such as a Snoezelen room versus one-to-one activity sessions with regard to mood, behavior, and biomedical parameters (heart rate and blood oxygen saturation). The MSSE group and activity group (one-to-one activities) of patients with dementia participated in 2 weekly individualized intervention sessions over 16 weeks, where mood and behavior before, during, and after the sessions, and biomedical parameters immediately before and after, were recorded. Immediately after the sessions, patients spok...
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Maseda, A., Sanchez, A., Marante, M. P., Gonzalez-Abraldes, I., de Labra, C., Millan-Calenti, J. C. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research

Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Parkinson's Disease From India: A 7-Year Prospective Study
Depression and cognitive impairment are frequent manifestations in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although a few longitudinal studies have reported on depression and dementia in PD, there is a yet a lack of such studies in India. This 7-year longitudinal study is a hospital-based prospective case (n = 250)–control (n = 280) study. In all, 36.8% had PD with no cognitive impairment (PD-Normal), 27.2% of the patients with PD were affected by dementia (PDD), and 36% of the remaining patients with PD had mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) at baseline. After 7 years of evaluation, 32 new patients, 12 patients from the PD-...
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sanyal, J., Banerjee, T. K., Rao, V. R. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research

Psychometric Properties of the Dependence Scale in Large Randomized Clinical Trials of Patients With Mild and Moderate Alzheimer's Disease
Conclusion: The DS is a psychometrically robust measure in mild to moderate AD. The empirically derived responder definition aids in the interpretation of DS change. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Wyrwich, K. W., Auguste, P., Buchanan, J., Rudell, K., Lacey, L., Leibman, C., Symonds, T., Brashear, H. R. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research

Cognitive, Neuropsychiatric, and Motor Features Associated With Apolipoprotein E isin4 Allele in a Sample of Bulgarian Patients With Late-Onset Parkinson's Disease
Conclusions: The data suggest a role of the APOE genotype as a disease-modifying factor. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Pavlova, R., Mehrabian, S., Petrova, M., Skelina, S., Mihova, K., Jordanova, A., Mitev, V., Traykov, L. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research

The Added Value of 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography in the Diagnosis of the Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia
Conclusions: The 18F-FDG-PET is able to identify nearly half of the patients with bvFTD who remain undetected by magnetic resonance imaging. In our selected group, high specificity enables exclusion of psychiatric and other neurodegenerative disorders. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kerklaan, B. J., van Berckel, B. N. M., Herholz, K., Dols, A., van der Flier, W. M., Scheltens, P., Pijnenburg, Y. A. L. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research

Construct Validity and Extended Normative Data for Older Adults for the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test, Revised
Conclusions: Adequate evidence was found for convergent validity and only partial support for discriminant validity. Normative data should continue to be stratified by age and also by formal education level. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kane, K. D., Yochim, B. P. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research

Exploring the Service and Support Needs of Families With Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease
Although often cast as a disease of later life, a growing number of people are being diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease in their 50s and 60s. Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) poses special challenges and needs for individuals and their caregivers, such as employment and access to services. In this cross-sectional study, the researchers surveyed 81 (N = 81) family caregivers to individuals with EOAD to identify service and support usage and need. Descriptive analyses revealed that families utilized a range of formal services (eg, adult day) and informal support from family and friends. In terms of challeng...
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Gibson, A. K., Anderson, K. A., Acocks, S. Tags: Current Topics in Care Source Type: research

A Case of Inappropriate Apolipoprotein E Testing in Alzheimer's Disease Due to Lack of an Informed Consent Discussion
Conclusion: Genetic counseling and a signed informed consent document are required prior to any genetic testing. In this case, neither occurred and it led to an ethical dilemma that was ultimately resolved by the neurologist. As the population ages and AD becomes more prevalent, there is a need to expand the workforce of genetic counselors and educate physicians who commonly treat AD about genetic testing. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Furman, C. D., Earnshaw, L. A., Doukas, D. J., Farrer, L. A., Friedland, R. P. Tags: Current Topics in Care Source Type: research

Diagnosis and Prognosis in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a communicating hydrocephalus, of unknown pathophysiology, characterized by the classical triad of dementia, urinary incontinence, and ataxia. The most popular treatment option is shunt surgery, although it is not a cure. The diagnosis of the disorder is challenging as it may mimic a lot of other neurological conditions and has no distinct biomarker. It becomes even more challenging as majority of the cases are diagnosed by invasive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) removal tests. However, a careful history taking, a keen and detailed physical examination, and pertinent imaging st...
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ghosh, S., Lippa, C. Tags: Current Topics in Care Source Type: research

Association of Apolipoprotein E Genetic Variation in Alzheimer's Disease in Indian Population: A Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: These results indicate that all genotypes of ApoE 4 allele, that is, 2/4, 3/4, and 4/4, are associated with an increased risk of AD, whereas ApoE 2/2, 2/3, and 3/3 are protective for AD. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Agarwal, R., Tripathi, C. B. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Efficacy and Tolerability of Benzodiazepines for the Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
The objective of this review is to summarize the available data on the use of benzodiazepines for the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search of 5 major databases, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, EMBASE, and Cochrane Collaboration, yielded a total of 5 RCTs. One study compared diazepam to thioridazine, 1 trial compared oxazepam to haloperidol and diphenhydramine, 1 trial compared alprazolam to lorazepam, 1 trial compared lorazepam to haloperidol, and 1 trial compared intramuscular (IM) lorazepam to IM olanzapine and placebo. The data in...
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - November 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Tampi, R. R., Tampi, D. J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Evaluation of a Group Cognitive-Behavioral Dementia Caregiver Intervention in Latin America
Research has identified unique cultural factors contributing to dementia caregiving in Latin America but very few caregiver interventions have been systematically piloted and evaluated in this region. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a group cognitive–behavioral intervention in improving the mental health of dementia caregivers from Cali, Colombia. Sixty-nine caregivers of individuals with dementia were randomly assigned to the cognitive–behavioral intervention or an educational control condition, both spanning 8 weeks. Compared to controls, the treatment group showed higher satisfa...
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - September 10, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Arango-Lasprilla, J. C., Panyavin, I., Merchan, E. J. H., Perrin, P. B., Arroyo-Anllo, E. M., Snipes, D. J., Arabia, J. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research

Quantitative Evaluation of Changes in the Clock-Watching Behavior of a Patient With Semantic Dementia
Conclusions: This study documented the progression of clock-watching and subsequent disappearance with worsening cognitive function. (Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias)
Source: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias - September 10, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Nonaka, T., Suto, S., Yamakawa, M., Shigenobu, K., Makimoto, K. Tags: Current Topics in Research Source Type: research