Chapter Two Coronavirus Spike Protein and Tropism Changes
Publication date: 2016 Source:Advances in Virus Research, Volume 96 Author(s): R.J.G. Hulswit, C.A.M. de Haan, B.-J. Bosch Coronaviruses (CoVs) have a remarkable potential to change tropism. This is particularly illustrated over the last 15 years by the emergence of two zoonotic CoVs, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)- and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV. Due to their inherent genetic variability, it is inevitable that new cross-species transmission events of these enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses will occur. Research into these medical and veterinary important pathogens—sparked by the...
Source: Advances in Virus Research - October 3, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Chapter One Supramolecular Architecture of the Coronavirus Particle
Publication date: 2016 Source:Advances in Virus Research, Volume 96 Author(s): B.W. Neuman, M.J. Buchmeier Coronavirus particles serve three fundamentally important functions in infection. The virion provides the means to deliver the viral genome across the plasma membrane of a host cell. The virion is also a means of escape for newly synthesized genomes. Lastly, the virion is a durable vessel that protects the genome on its journey between cells. This review summarizes the available X-ray crystallography, NMR, and cryoelectron microscopy structural data for coronavirus structural proteins, and looks at the role of eac...
Source: Advances in Virus Research - October 3, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research
A Renaissance in Nepovirus Research Provides New Insights Into Their Molecular Interface With Hosts and Vectors
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2016 Source:Advances in Virus Research Author(s): M. Fuchs, C. Schmitt-Keichinger, H. Sanfaçon Nepoviruses supplied seminal landmarks to the historical trail of plant virology. Among the first agriculturally relevant viruses recognized in the late 1920s and among the first plant viruses officially classified in the early 1970s, nepoviruses also comprise the first species for which a soil-borne ectoparasitic nematode vector was identified. Early research on nepoviruses shed light on the genome structure and expression, biological properties of the two genomic RNAs, and m...
Source: Advances in Virus Research - September 28, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Supramolecular Architecture of the Coronavirus Particle
Publication date: Available online 15 September 2016 Source:Advances in Virus Research Author(s): B.W. Neuman, M.J. Buchmeier Coronavirus particles serve three fundamentally important functions in infection. The virion provides the means to deliver the viral genome across the plasma membrane of a host cell. The virion is also a means of escape for newly synthesized genomes. Lastly, the virion is a durable vessel that protects the genome on its journey between cells. This review summarizes the available X-ray crystallography, NMR, and cryoelectron microscopy structural data for coronavirus structural proteins, and looks...
Source: Advances in Virus Research - September 15, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research
The Nonstructural Proteins Directing Coronavirus RNA Synthesis and Processing
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2016 Source:Advances in Virus Research Author(s): E.J. Snijder, E. Decroly, J. Ziebuhr Coronaviruses are animal and human pathogens that can cause lethal zoonotic infections like SARS and MERS. They have polycistronic plus-stranded RNA genomes and belong to the order Nidovirales, a diverse group of viruses for which common ancestry was inferred from the common principles underlying their genome organization and expression, and from the conservation of an array of core replicase domains, including key RNA-synthesizing enzymes. Coronavirus genomes (~26–32 kilobases) are ...
Source: Advances in Virus Research - September 13, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research
