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(Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - December 1, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Impact of prebiopsy magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate on cancer detection and treatment patterns
Though superior in clinical trial settings, outcomes following magnetic resonance image (MRI)-guided prostate biopsies have not been reported broadly. We compared prostate cancer detection rates for men who did and did not undergo prebiopsy MRI and evaluated treatment patterns based on biopsy approach, year of biopsy, and proximity to early adopters. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - December 1, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Wen Liu, Dattatraya Patil, David H. Howard, Rene é H. Moore, Heqiong Wang, Martin G. Sanda, Christopher P. Filson Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Feasibility and safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients with small renal masses: Results of a prospective study
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has the potential to overcome limitations of thermal ablation, enabling small renal mass (SRM) ablation near vital structures. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mara Buijs, Patricia J. Zondervan, Daniel M. de Bruin, Krijn P. van Lienden, Axel Bex, Otto M. van Delden Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Preoperative apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio is an independent prognostic factor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Kidney cancer is among the 10 most common human malignancies in men and women [1,2]. According to statistics, approximately 65,340 new cases and 14,970 deaths are related to this malignancy in 2018 in the United States [3]. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is derived from renal tubular epithelial cells, is the most common histological type and accounts for over 80% of all cases [1,2,4,5]. Approximately more than 15% of all RCC patients are diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) [1,3,6], and over 20% of patients with localized RCCs have metastases after partial or radical nephrectomy [7]. (Source: Urologic O...
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Fan Zhang, Yongpeng Xie, Xin Ma, Liangyou Gu, Hongzhao Li, Xintao Li, Gang Guo, Xu Zhang Source Type: research

A delay ≥8 weeks to neoadjuvant chemotherapy before radical cystectomy increases the risk of upstaging
Bladder cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the United States with an estimated incidence of 81,190 in 2018 [1]. Approximately 25% of new cases present as muscle invasive disease, which is associated with a higher risk of developing metastasis and death. Studies have suggested that a delay in radical cystectomy (RC) is associated with a decrease in overall survival (OS) [2 –5] and it is now recommended to perform radical surgery within 3 months from diagnosis [6]. However, after RC, the 5-year survival is only 50% [7]. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Fran çois Audenet, John P. Sfakianos, Nikhil Waingankar, Nora H. Ruel, Matthew D. Galsky, Bertram E. Yuh, Greg E. Gin Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Utilizing precision medicine to modulate the prostate tumor microenvironment and enhance immunotherapy
The last two decades of cancer research have seen two major advancements in our ability to treat cancer: precision medicine and immunotherapy. While these approaches have shown striking anticancer efficacy in numerous malignancies, they have not shown similar success and applicability in advanced prostate cancer patients. The fields of precision medicine and immunotherapy have come to realize that targeted therapies are capable of not only inhibiting tumor cell growth, but also promoting antitumor immunity by modulating the tumor microenvironment. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 29, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Brian Olson, Akash Patnaik Tags: Seminars article Source Type: research

Assessing trends in urinary diversion after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in the United States
In the United States, bladder cancer will be diagnosed in an estimated 81,000 patients in 2018 [1]. Radical cystectomy (RC) with a thorough pelvic lymph node dissection is the treatment of choice for muscle-invasive bladder cancer [2,3]. Following RC, reconstruction of the urinary system can be performed using a variety of techniques. The critical distinction of different diversion options is between incontinent diversions (ID) and continent diversions (CD), such as catheterizable continent cutaneous pouches and the most common form, the orthotopic neobladder. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 25, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Michael Lin-Brande, Azadeh Nazemi, Shane M. Pearce, Eli R. Thompson, Akbar N. Ashrafi, Hooman Djaladat, Anne Schuckman, Siamak Daneshmand Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Prognostic significance of serum γ-glutamyltransferase in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), including bladder UC (90% –95%) and upper urinary tract UC (5%–10%), are estimated to account for 85,000 new cancer cases and 18,000 deaths in the United States in 2018, making UC the fourth and twelfth most common cancer in men and women, respectively [1]. Patients with advanced UC (aUC) generally show poor prognosis wi th median overall survival (OS) of 3 to 6 months without treatment and 13 to 16 months with systemic chemotherapy [2]. The first prognostic model predicting survival of patients with aUC was developed by Bajorin et al., which consisted of Karnofsky performance status (KPS) an...
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 24, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kosuke Takemura, Hiroshi Fukushima, Masaya Ito, Madoka Kataoka, Yasukazu Nakanishi, Kazumasa Sakamoto, Hiroaki Suzuki, Ken-ichi Tobisu, Fumitaka Koga Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Delivery of chemotherapy for testicular cancer in routine practice: A population-based study
We describe chemotherapy delivery and outcomes of patients in routine practice. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 23, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Safiya Karim, Xuejiao Wei, Michael J. Leveridge, David Robert Siemens, Andrew G. Robinson, Philippe L. Bedard, Christopher M. Booth Tags: Clinical-Testis cancer Source Type: research

Mutations in renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a commonly diagnosed and histologically diverse urologic malignancy. Clear cell RCC (ccRCC) is by far the most common, followed by the papillary and chromophobe subtypes. Sarcomatoid differentiation is a morphologic change that can be seen in all subtypes that typically portends a poor prognosis. In the past, treatment options for RCC were limited to cytokine-based therapy with a high-toxicity profile and low response rate. An increased understanding of the molecular basis of RCC has led to substantial improvement in treatment options in the form of targeted therapy and immunotherapy. (Source:...
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 23, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Christopher D'Avella, Phillip Abbosh, Sumanta K. Pal, Daniel M. Geynisman Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Age-related variations in gene expression patterns of renal cell carcinoma
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is known to occur across the adult lifetime traversing the spectrum of age-related organismal changes. Little is known as to how the aging process may affect the course of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the repertoire of genes involved. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 23, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lara Feulner, Hamed S. Najafabadi, Simon Tanguay, Janusz Rak, Yasser Riazalhosseini Tags: Laboratory-Kidney cancer Source Type: research

Assessment of volume preservation performed before or after partial nephrectomy accurately predicts postoperative renal function: Results from a prospective multicenter study
Partial nephrectomy (PN) offers patients comparable survival to radical nephrectomy (RN) while sparing renal parenchyma, leading to a better preservation of renal function after surgery [1 –8]. For this reason, PN has become the surgical standard of care for patients with amenable renal masses. Along with factors such as preoperative glomerular filtration rate (GFR), age, tumor size, and solitary kidney, the volume of preserved parenchyma appears to be an important factor determinin g postoperative renal function after PN [9–14] that, in turn, represents an important determinant of cancer survivorship in patients with ...
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 22, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Michael J. Klingler, Stephen K. Babitz, Alexander Kutikov, Riccardo Campi, Georgios Hatzichristodoulou, Francesco Sanguedolce, Sabine Brookman-May, Bulent Akdogan, Umberto Capitanio, Marco Roscigno, Alessandro Volpe, Martin Marszalek, Robert G. Uzzo, Ales Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Association between precystectomy epithelial tumor marker response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and oncological outcomes in urothelial bladder cancer
We previously reported that elevated precystectomy serum levels of epithelial tumor markers predict worse oncological outcome in patients with invasive bladder cancer (BC). Herein, we evaluated the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on elevated tumor marker levels and their association with oncological outcomes. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 20, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Soroush T. Bazargani, Thomas G. Clifford, Hooman Djaladat, Anne K. Schuckman, Kevin Wayne, Gus Miranda, Jie Cai, Sarmad Sadeghi, Tanya Dorff, David I Quinn, Siamak Daneshmand Tags: Features Article Source Type: research

MicroRNA-93 promotes bladder cancer proliferation and invasion by targeting PEDF
MicroRNA-93 (miR-93) is upregulated in the urine of patients with bladder cancer (BC). Here, we investigated the role of miR-93 in BC progression and explored the underlying mechanism. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 17, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hua Jiang, Qiang Bu, Minghui Zeng, Dongdong Xia, Aibin Wu Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Development and translation of novel therapeutics targeting tumor-associated macrophages
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) regulate an array of tumor functions and have critical roles in both the progression and the eradication of cancer. Numerous therapies targeting TAMs are under development in cancer and many have demonstrated success at the preclinical and clinical levels. Most of these therapies fall within 3 main categories: systemic depletion of TAMs, inhibition of TAM recruitment and polarization, and promoting the antitumor functions of TAMs. In this article, the rationale behind these various therapies and approaches is reviewed along with supporting preclinical and clinical data. (Source: Urologic...
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - November 17, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: David Kosoff, Joshua M. Lang Tags: Seminars article Source Type: research