Is sleep education an effective tool for sleep improvement and minimizing metabolic disturbance and obesity in adolescents?
The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased significantly in recent years. Obesity is associated with a range of adverse physiological, psychological and social outcomes and places a huge economical burden on healthcare systems around the world. Insufficient sleep duration is common in adolescents and exacerbated by contemporary lifestyles, but may be a contributor to obesity onset and metabolic disruption. We briefly review the current evidence surrounding the associations between sleep and obesity as well as diabetes. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - August 28, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Teresa Arora, Shahrad Taheri Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Ventricular Assist Devices and Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Congestive heart failure is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, and left ventricular assist devices have revolutionized treatment of end-stage heart failure. Given that sleep apnea results in significant morbidity in these patients with advanced heart failure, practicing sleep physicians need to have an understanding of left ventricular assist devices. In this review, we summarize what is known about ventricular assist devices as they relate to sleep medicine. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - August 24, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Bindu Akkanti, Richard J. Castriotta, Pavani Sayana, Emmanuel Nunez, Indranee Rajapreyar, Sachin Kumar, Sriram Nathan, Ruckshanda Majid Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Rhythmic movement disorder in childhood: an integrative review
Rhythmic Movement Disorder consists of repetitive stereotypic movements, such as head banging or body rocking, that recur every second or so and may last from a few minutes to hours, usually prior to sleep onset. This review of childhood rhythmic movement disorder highlights the lack of systematic research into core aspects of the condition, relying heavily on small case series or case reports. Interpretation is further limited by almost universal failure to confirm the core the diagnostic criteria (C) of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (III), namely that the rhythmic movements should have clinical cons...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - August 24, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Amy R.M. Gwyther, Arthur S. Walters, Catherine M. Hill Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Beyond the neuropsychology of dreaming: insights into the neural basis of dreaming with new techniques of sleep recording and analysis
Recent advances in electrophysiological [e.g., surface high-density electroencephalographic (hd-EEG) and intracranial recordings], video-polysomnography (video-PSG), transcranial stimulation and neuroimaging techniques allow more in-depth and more accurate investigation of the neural correlates of dreaming in healthy individuals and in patients with brain-damage, neurodegenerative diseases, sleep disorders or parasomnias. Convergent evidence provided by studies using these techniques on healthy subjects has led to a reformulation of several unresolved issues of dream generation and recall [such as the inter- and intra-indi...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 28, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Carlo Cipolli, Michele Ferrara, Luigi De Gennaro, Giuseppe Plazzi Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Positive Affect and Sleep: A Systematic Review
A sizeable literature has implicated sleep in the phenomenological experience of various mood disorders, vulnerability to psychopathology, and overall poor psychological functioning. By contrast, positive affective states (e.g., joy, happiness, vigor, positive mood) that may contribute to sleep have been understudied. This systematic review integrates findings from cross-sectional, longitudinal, ambulatory, and experimental studies that investigate the association between positive affect and sleep. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 22, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Anthony D. Ong, Sara Kim, Sarah Young, Andrew Steptoe Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Intraindividual variability of sleep/wake patterns in relation to child and adolescent functioning: A systematic review
Substantial research attention has been devoted to understanding the importance and impact of sleep in children and adolescents. Traditionally, this has focused on mean sleep variables (e.g., a child ’s “typical” or average sleep duration), yet research increasingly suggests that intraindividual variability (IIV) of sleep/wake patterns (sometimes referred to as sleep variability or night-to-night variability) regularly occurs and may have implications for adjustment. A systematic search of five electronic databases identified 52 empirical studies published between 2000 and 2015 that examined correlates of sleep IIV ...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 20, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Stephen P. Becker, Craig A. Sidol, Tori R. Van Dyk, Jeffery N. Epstein, Dean W. Beebe Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders
Melatonin is a physiological hormone involved in sleep timing and is currently used exogenously in the treatment of primary and secondary sleep disorders with empirical evidence of efficacy, but very little evidence from randomised, controlled studies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the evidence base for the therapeutic effects of exogenous melatonin in treating primary sleep disorders.An electronic literature review search of MEDLINE (1950-present) EMBASE (1980- present), PsycINFO (1987- present), and SCOPUS (1990- present), along with a hand-searching of key journals was performed in July 2013 and then again...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 19, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: F. Auld, E.L. Maschauer, I. Morrison, D.J. Skene, R.L. Riha Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the general population: A systematic review
With this systematic review we aimed to determine the prevalence of OSA in adults in the general population and how it varied between population sub-groups. Twenty-four studies out of 3,807 found by systematically searching PubMed and EMBASE databases were included in this review. Substantial methodological heterogeneity in population prevalence studies has caused a wide variation in the reported prevalence, which, in general, is high. At ≥5 Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), the overall population prevalence ranged from 9% to 38% and was higher in men. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 15, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Chamara V. Senaratna, Jennifer L. Perret, Caroline Lodge, Adrian Lowe, Brittany E. Campbell, Melanie C. Matheson, Garun S. Hamilton, Shyamali C. Dharmage Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
A systematic review of cognitive function and psychosocial well-being in school-age children with narcolepsy
In August 2010, concerns were raised about an increase in the incidence rate of narcolepsy diagnosis in children and adolescents. Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological sleep disorder characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness and attacks of muscle weakness which are often precipitated by strong emotions, known as cataplexy. We systematically examined and updated the scientific literature on the consequences of narcolepsy on cognitive function and psychosocial well-being in school-age children. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 15, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Jane E. Blackwell, Hetaf A. Alammar, Anna R. Weighall, Ian Kellar, Hannah M. Nash Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the general population: A systematic review
With this systematic review we aimed to determine the prevalence of OSA in adults in the general population and how it varied between population sub-groups. Twenty-four studies out of 3,807 found by systematically searching PubMed and EMBASE databases were included in this review. Substantial methodological heterogeneity in population prevalence studies has caused a wide variation in the reported prevalence, which, in general, is high. At ≥5 Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), the overall population prevalence ranged from 9% to 38% and was higher in men. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 15, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Chamara V. Senaratna, Jennifer L. Perret, Caroline Lodge, Adrian Lowe, Brittany E. Campbell, Melanie C. Matheson, Garun S. Hamilton, Shyamali C. Dharmage Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
A systematic review of cognitive function and psychosocial well-being in school-age children with narcolepsy
In August 2010, concerns were raised about an increase in the incidence rate of narcolepsy diagnosis in children and adolescents. Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological sleep disorder characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness and attacks of muscle weakness which are often precipitated by strong emotions, known as cataplexy. We systematically examined and updated the scientific literature on the consequences of narcolepsy on cognitive function and psychosocial well-being in school-age children. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 15, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Jane E. Blackwell, Hetaf A. Alammar, Anna R. Weighall, Ian Kellar, Hannah M. Nash Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Obstructive sleep apnea and energy balance regulation: A systematic review
Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have a reciprocal relationship. Sleep disruptions characteristic of OSA may promote behavioral, metabolic, and/or hormonal changes favoring weight gain and/or difficulty losing weight. The regulation of energy balance (EB), i.e. the relationship between energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE), is complex and multi-factorial, involving food intake, hormonal regulation of hunger/satiety/appetite, and EE via metabolism and physical activity (PA). The current systematic review describes the literature on how OSA affects EB-related parameters. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - July 13, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Ari Shechter Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
