Suvorexant for the treatment of primary insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Suvorexant is a dual orexin receptor agonist and is currently approved for the treatment of insomnia in the United States and Japan. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of suvorexant for the treatment of primary insomnia. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, contacted a relevant pharmaceutical company, and accessed websites of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) for published and unpublished data. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - October 26, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Akira Kuriyama, Hiromitsu Tabata Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Quantitative electroencephalogram measures in adult obstructive sleep apnea – Potential biomarkers of neurobehavioural functioning
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results in significantly impaired cognitive functioning and increased daytime sleepiness in some patients leading to increased risk of motor vehicle and workplace accidents and reduced productivity. Clinicians often face difficulty in identifying which patients are at risk of neurobehavioural dysfunction due to wide inter-individual variability, and disparity between symptoms and conventional metrics of disease severity such as the apnea hypopnea index. Quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) measures are determinants of awake neurobehavioural function in healthy subjects. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - October 19, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Angela L. D'Rozario, Nathan E. Cross, Andrew Vakulin, Delwyn J. Bartlett, Keith K.H. Wong, David Wang, Ronald R. Grunstein Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Quantitative Electroencephalogram Measures in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Potential Biomarkers of Neurobehavioural Functioning
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results in significantly impaired cognitive functioning and increased daytime sleepiness in some patients leading to increased risk of motor vehicle and workplace accidents and reduced productivity. Clinicians often face difficulty in identifying which patients are at risk of neurobehavioural dysfunction due to wide inter-individual variability, and disparity between symptoms and conventional metrics of disease severity such as the apnea hypopnea index. Quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) measures are determinants of awake neurobehavioural function in healthy subjects. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - October 18, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Angela L. D ’Rozario, Nathan E. Cross, Andrew Vakulin, Delwyn J. Bartlett, Keith K.H. Wong, David Wang, Ronald R. Grunstein Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Phenotypes in obstructive sleep apnea: a definition, examples and evolution of approaches
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder and the apnea hypopnea index alone can not capture the diverse spectrum of the condition. Enhanced phenotyping can improve prognostication, patient selection for clinical trials, understanding of mechanisms, and personalized treatments. In OSA, multiple condition characteristics have been termed “phenotypes.” To help classify patients into relevant prognostic and therapeutic categories, an OSA phenotype can be operationally defined as: “A category of patients with OSA distinguished from others by a single or combination of disease features, in rela...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - October 12, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Andrey Zinchuk, Mark Gentry, John Concato, Klar Yaggi Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
School-Based Sleep Education Programs: A Knowledge-To-Action Perspective Regarding Barriers, Proposed Solutions, and Future Directions
Sleep is associated with an array of physical and mental health outcomes that are essential for healthy adjustment in children. Unfortunately, transfer of this knowledge into action has been slow and largely ineffective. There are only 15 published school-based sleep health promotion programs, and findings are mixed in terms of their impact on sleep behavior, knowledge and health outcomes. This manuscript applies a Knowledge To Action (KTA) framework to assess the strengths and weaknesses of such programs and to identify strategies that can be used to enhance the translation of empirical evidence in pediatric sleep to effe...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - October 10, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Reut Gruber Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Memory Consolidation in Sleep Disorders
In recent years sleep-related memory consolidation has become a central topic in the sleep research field. Several studies have shown that in healthy individuals sleep promotes memory consolidation. Notwithstanding this, the consequences of sleep disorders on offline memory consolidation remain poorly investigated. Research studies indicate that patients with insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and narcolepsy often exhibit sleep-related impairment in the consolidation of declarative and procedural information. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 24, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Nicola Cellini Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Napping: A public health issue. From epidemiological to laboratory studies
Sleep specialists have proposed measures to counteract the negative short- and long-term consequences of sleep debt, and some have suggested the nap as a potential and powerful “public health tool”. Here, we address this countermeasure aspect of napping viewed as an action against sleep deprivation rather than an action associated with poor health. We review the physiological functions that have been associated positively with napping in both public health and clinical settings (sleep-related accidents, work and school, and cardiovascular risk) and in laboratory-based studies with potential public health issues (cognit...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 12, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Brice Faraut, Thomas Andrillon, Marie-Fran çoise Vecchierini, Damien Leger Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Napping: A public health issue
Sleep specialists have proposed measures to counteract the negative short- and long-term consequences of sleep debt, and some have suggested the nap as a potential and powerful “public health tool”. Here, we address this countermeasure aspect of napping viewed as an action against sleep deprivation rather than an action associated with poor health. We review the physiological functions that have been associated positively with napping in both public health and clinical settings (sleep-related accidents, work and school, and cardiovascular risk) and in laboratory-based studies with potential public health issues (cognit...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 12, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Brice Faraut, Thomas Andrillon, Marie-Fran çoise Vecchierini, Damien Leger Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
Objective measures of sleep quality have not declined over the last 50 years
In the popular media, as well as the sleep research literature, it is widely stated that average sleep duration has declined by as much as two hours over the last 50 years. It is argued that modern society has caused us to reduce our sleep, and that this is likely a key contributor to recent epidemics of obesity, diabetes, and Alzheimer's Disease. Furthermore, although certain somnolent behaviors, such as sleeping late on weekends or falling asleep in the daytime, have been observed for many decades, the current zeitgeist is to assume that these behaviors are ind icative of a new norm of chronically insufficient sleep. (...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 12, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Shawn D. Youngstedt, Eric E. Goff, Alexandria M. Reynolds, Nidha Khan, Mihyun Jeong, Girardin Jean-Louis Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Objective Measures of Sleep Quality Have Not Declined Over the Last 50 Years
In the popular media, as well as the sleep research literature, it is widely stated that average r sleep duration has declined by as much as two hours over the last 50 years. It is argued that modern society has caused us to reduce our sleep, and that this is likely a key contributor to recent epidemics of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, although certain somnolent behaviors, such as sleeping late on weekends or falling asleep in the daytime, have been observed for many decades, the current zeitgeist is to assume that these behaviors are indicative of a new norm of chronically insufficient sleep. (So...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 12, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Shawn D. Youngstedt, Eric E. Goff, Alexandria M. Reynolds, Nidha Khan, Mihyun Jeong, Girardin Jean-Louis Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
Napping: a public health issue From epidemiological to laboratory studies
Sleep specialists have proposed measures to counteract the negative short- and long-term consequences of sleep debt, and some have suggested the nap as a potential and powerful “public health tool”. Here, we address this countermeasure aspect of napping viewed as an action against sleep deprivation rather than an action associated with poor health. We review the physiological functions that have been associated positively with napping in both public health and clinical settings (sleep-related accidents, work and school, and cardiovascular risk) and in laboratory-based studies with potential public health issues (cognit...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 12, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Brice Faraut, Thomas Andrillon, Marie-Fran çoise Vecchierini, Damien Leger Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
A pill at bedtime, and your heart is fine? Bedtime hypertension chronotherapy: an opportune and advantageous inexpensive treatment strategy
It is commonly assumed that cardiovascular (CV) system rests during the nighttime, the sleep span being a restorative time for the CV system. However, the biology of the CV system is much more complicated than assumed. Convincing evidence now demonstrates the critical importance of the sleep-time blood pressure (BP) level and 24-hour (h) pattern in affecting CV risk. BP is not constant but exhibits distinct temporal patterning during the 24-h, with a circadian (from the Latin ‘circa diem’, near 24-h) organization. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 7, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Roberto Manfredini, Fabio Fabbian Tags: Guest editorial Source Type: research
Waking up is the hardest thing I do all day: Sleep inertia and sleep drunkenness
The transition from sleep to wake is marked by sleep inertia, a distinct state that is measurably different from wakefulness and manifests as performance impairments and sleepiness. Although the precise substrate of sleep inertia is unknown, electroencephalographic, evoked potential, and neuroimaging studies suggest the persistence of some features of sleep beyond the point of awakening. Forced desynchrony studies have demonstrated that sleep inertia impacts cognition differently than do homeostatic and circadian drives and that sleep inertia is most intense during awakenings from the biological night. (Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews)
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - September 2, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Lynn Marie Trotti Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
A systematic review of the literature on disorders of sleep and wakefulness in Parkinson's disease from 2005 to 2015
Sleep disorders are among the most common non-motor manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD) and have a significant negative impact on quality of life. While sleep disorders in PD share most characteristics with those that occur in the general population, there are several considerations specific to this patient population regarding diagnosis, management, and implications. The available research on these disorders is expanding rapidly, but many questions remain unanswered. We thus conducted a systematic review of the literature published from 2005 to 2015 on the following disorders of sleep and wakefulness in PD: REM sle...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - August 30, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Lama M. Chahine, Amy W. Amara, Aleksandar Videnovic Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
A Systematic Review of the Literature on Disorders of Sleep and Wakefulness in Parkinson ’s Disease From 2005-2015
Sleep disorders are among the most common non-motor manifestations in Parkinson ’s disease (PD) and have a significant negative impact on quality of life. While sleep disorders in PD share most characteristics with those that occur in the general population, there are several considerations specific to this patient population regarding diagnosis, management, and implications. The available research on these disorders is expanding rapidly, but many questions remain unanswered. We thus conducted a systematic review of the literature published from 2005-2015 on the following disorders of sleep and wakefulness in PD: REM sle...
Source: Sleep Medicine Reviews - August 30, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: L.M. Chahine, A.W. Amara, A. Videnovic Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research
