Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

DHA-enriched re-esterified triacylglycerol fish oil supplementation and oily fish consumption enhance red blood n-3 fatty acid index in Omani pre-adolescent schoolchildren
Publication date: Available online 12 July 2018Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): S.S. Al-Ghannami, E. Sedlak, I.S. Hussein, Y. Min, S.M. Al-Shmmkhi, H.S. Al-Oufi, A. Al-Mazroui, P. Clough, K. GhebremeskelAbstractDietary habits of Omani population particularly of children and young adults have changed significantly. Consumption of imported calorie-dense foods, vegetable oils, milled and polished grains and carbonated beverages have become the norm. Concomitantly, there has been an exponential increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The impact of the westernisation of e...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 13, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

The Endocannabinoid System: Overview of an Emerging Multi-faceted Therapeutic Target
Publication date: Available online 11 July 2018Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Dipanjan Chanda, Dietbert Neumann, Jan F.C. GlatzAbstractThe endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglyerol (2-AG) are endogenous lipid mediators that exert protective roles in pathophysiological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. In this brief review, we provide a conceptual framework linking endocannabinoid signaling to the control of the cellular and molecular hallmarks, and categorize the key components of endocannabinoid signaling that may serve as targets for novel therapeut...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 11, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Headache in the U.S. Population
In conclusion, higher dietary intakes of EPA and DHA were associated with lower prevalence of headache supporting the hypothesis that omega-3 PUFAs may prevent or reduce headache.SummarySevere headache and migraine are common neurological disorders, costly to treat and not adequately managed by pharmaceutical therapy. Experimental studies conducted with animals and humans suggest that dietary intakes high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids alleviate pain in headache. It is not known whether this effect is found in the general population, in the absence of an intervention. We analyzed NHANES nutrition data over a six-ye...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 11, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Resolvin D3 multi-level proresolving actions are host protective during infection
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2016Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Paul C. Norris, Hildur Arnardottir, Julia M. Sanger, David Fichtner, Gregory S. Keyes, Charles N. SerhanAbstractResolution of infection and inflammation is governed by innate immune cells. The resolvin family of n-3 mediators produced by resolving exudates stimulates clearance of neutrophils and attenuates pro-inflammatory signals. Using metabololipidomics, endogenous resolvin D3 (RvD3) was identified in self-resolving exudates during active E. coli infection. Through a new, independent synthetic route...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Regulation of rat plasma and cerebral cortex oxylipin concentrations with increasing levels of dietary linoleic acid
Publication date: Available online 11 May 2016Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Ameer Y. Taha, Marie Hennebelle, Jun Yang, Daisy Zamora, Stanley I. Rapoport, Bruce D. Hammock, Christopher E. RamsdenAbstractLinoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the North American diet and is a precursor to circulating bioactive fatty acid metabolites implicated in brain disorders. This exploratory study tested the effects of increasing dietary LA on plasma and cerebral cortex metabolites derived from LA, its elongation-desaturation products dihomo-gamma linoleni...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

The enigmatic membrane fatty acid transporter CD36: New insights into fatty acid binding and their effects on uptake of oxidized LDL
Publication date: Available online 20 May 2016Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Anthony G. Jay, James A. HamiltonAbstractThe scavenger receptor CD36 binds numerous small biomolecules, including fatty acids, and even large ligands such as oxidized LDL, for which it is considered a receptor. Although CD36 has often been postulated to “transport” fatty acids across the plasma membrane, fatty acids translocation (mass transport or kinetics) was not affected by expression of CD36 in HEK293 cells; however, esterification of fatty acids (cellular uptake) was increased. These recent resul...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Molecular mechanism of lipid-induced cardiac insulin resistance and contractile dysfunction
Publication date: Available online 13 June 2016Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Yilin Liu, Dietbert Neumann, Jan F.C. Glatz, Joost J.F.P. LuikenAbstractLong-chain fatty acids are the main cardiac substrates from which ATP is generated continually to serve the high energy demand and sustain the normal function of the heart. Under healthy conditions, fatty acid β-oxidation produces 50–70% of the energy demands with the remainder largely accounted for by glucose. Chronically increased dietary lipid supply often leads to excess lipid accumulation in the heart, which is linked to a var...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

In vitro and in vivo bimodal effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplements on redox status and platelet function
Publication date: Available online 14 July 2016Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Michel Lagarde, Catherine Calzada, Michel Guichardant, Evelyne VéricelAbstractDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a prominent nutrient of marine lipids. Together with eicosapentaenoic acid, it is recognized as a protective molecule against atherosclerosis and thrombosis through the regulation of blood cell functions, especially platelets. Its high unsaturation index may however make it prone to peroxidation, which is usually considered as deleterious. This short review takes into consideration this possibility...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

BanI polymorphism of cytosolic phospholipase A2 gene and somatic symptoms in medication-free acute depressed patients
This study investigated the effects of BanI polymorphism of cPLA2 gene and COX-2 rs4648308 genotypes on somatic symptoms and inflammatory marker in patients with MDD. Eighty-two patients with MDD were assessed for their psychopathology including psychiatric and somatic symptoms, BanI polymorphism of cPLA2 and COX-2 rs4648308 genotypes and CRP levels. The results revealed that MDD patients with the cPLA2 BanI GG genotypes had higher somatic symptoms and higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), while no differences were found among the COX-2 rs4648308 genotypes. Inflammatory process, such as arachidonic acid cascade pathwa...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Lipidomic analysis reveals significant lipogenesis and accumulation of lipotoxic components in ob/ob mouse organs
Publication date: Available online 11 January 2017Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Jun Hayakawa, Miao Wang, Chunyan Wang, Rowland H. Han, Zhen Y. Jiang, Xianlin HanAbstractTo further understand the role of lipogenesis and lipotoxicity in the development of obesity and diabetes, lipidomes of various organs from ob/ob mice and their wild type controls were analyzed by shotgun lipidomics at 10, 12, and 16 weeks of age. We observed that the amounts of fatty acyl (FA) chains corresponding to those from de novo synthesis (e.g., 16:0, 16:1, and 18:1 FA) were substantially elevated in ob/ob ...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

A rapid UPLC-MS/MS assay for eicosanoids in human plasma: Application to evaluate niacin responsivity
Publication date: Available online 18 January 2017Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Tricia M. Miller, Samuel M. Poloyac, Kacey B. Anderson, Brooke L. Waddell, Erik Messamore, Jeffrey K. YaoAbstractA rapid and sensitive method using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed to simultaneously quantify hydroxyeicosatetraenoic (HETE), dihydroxyeicosatrienoic (DiHETrE), epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), and prostaglandin metabolites of arachidonic acid in human plasma. Sample preparation consisted of solid phase extraction with Oasis HLB (30&...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Genetic polymorphisms of FADS1, FADS2, and FADS3 and fatty acid profiles in subjects received methadone maintenance therapy
Publication date: Available online 25 January 2017Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Hui-Ting Yang, Ruey-Yun Wang, Shih-Yi Huang, Chieh-Liang Huang, Kuan-Pin SuAbstractAbnormal fatty acid metabolism and the related enzymes had been observed to be associated with psychiatric disorders. We investigated FADS gene family genetic polymorphisms and variations of lipid profiles in patients with heroin dependence receiving 6-month methadone maintenance therapy (MMT). We recruited 89 MMT drug abusers and analyzed 3 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Fatty acid desaturases (FADS), F...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Dynamic interactions of n-3 and n-6 fatty acid nutrients
Publication date: Available online 25 January 2017Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): B. Lands, D. Bibus, K.D. StarkAbstractCareful handling of data on fatty acid composition is needed when interpreting evidence for the influence of dietary n-3 and n-6 essential fatty acids on brain function and health conditions. The relative dietary supplies of competing n-3 and n-6 nutrients determine the balance of 20- and 22-carbon n-3 and n-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) which accumulate competitively at the 2-position of tissue phospholipids. In turn, the HUFA balance expressed as the %n...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Validation of an equation predicting highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) compositions of human blood fractions from dietary intakes of both HUFAs and their precursors
Publication date: Available online 8 March 2017Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Sarah E. Strandjord, Bill Lands, Joseph R. HibbelnAbstractProportions of omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) in 20- and 22-carbon highly unsaturated fatty acids with 3 or more double bonds (HUFA) accumulated in tissue HUFA (e.g., the %n-6 in HUFA) are biomarkers reflecting intakes of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. An empirical equation, referred to here as the Lands’ Equation, was developed previously to use dietary intakes of n-6 and n-3 HUFA and their 18-carbon precursors to estimate the %n-6 in HUFA of humans....
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Low dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio prevents induced oral carcinoma in a hamster pouch model
In conclusion, the lower dietary n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio exerted chemopreventive effects in the DMBA- and BQE-induced hamster oral cancer model.Graphical abstract (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research