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Comparison of dietary and plasma phospholipid fatty acids between normal weight and overweight black South Africans according to metabolic health: The PURE study
ConclusionsThe overweight groups generally had higher fat intakes than normal-weight groups, but lower plasma levels of palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, cis-vaccenic and estimated desaturase activities. Therefore, in this population, lower plasma levels of palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, and cis-vaccenic acids and decreased estimated desaturase activities may be biomarkers of abnormal metabolic health in overweight/obese study participants. (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 20, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Loss of RAR-related orphan receptor Alpha (RORα) selectively lowers docosahexaenoic acid in developing cerebellum
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Chuck T. Chen, Joseph A. Schultz, Sophie E. Haven, Breanne Wilhite, Chi-Hsiu Liu, Jing Chen, Joseph R. HibbelnAbstractDeficiency in retinoid acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) of staggerer mice results in extensive granule and Purkinje cell loss in the cerebellum as well as in learned motor deficits, cognition impairments and perseverative tendencies that are commonly observed in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). The effects of RORα on brain lipid metabolism associated with cerebella...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 20, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Breast milk and erythrocyte fatty acid composition of lactating women residing in a peri‑urban South African township
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Linda P. Siziba, Tsitsi Chimhashu, Sicelosethu S. Siro, Jennifer Osei Ngounda, Adriaan Jacobs, Linda Malan, Cornelius M. Smuts, Jeannine BaumgartnerAbstractData on breast milk fatty acid (FA) composition in South African lactating women in relation to their FA status, as well as on potential compositional changes within feed, are limited.The aim of this study was to assess the FA composition of breast milk sampled at three time points within feed, and to determine associations with red blood cell (RBC)...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 16, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

ISSFAL Official Statement Number 6: The importance of measuring blood omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in research
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Renate H.M. de Groot, Barbara J. MeyerAbstractA statement on measuring blood omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels was developed and edited based on input from ISSFAL members and accepted by vote of the ISSFAL Board of Directors.Summary of Statement: Omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LCPUFA) levels at baseline and post-intervention should be assessed and reported in future research to evaluate the efficacy of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation: because; 1. there are numerous fac...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 16, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Serum concentration of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid is associated with cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment in coronary artery disease patients
ConclusionsThe serum levels of DGLA were associated with cognitive function and MCI in patients with CAD. Although not an independent predictor, DGLA might be one useful marker with which to identify early cognitive decline in these patients. (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 16, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

A simple system for measuring the level of free fatty acids in human milk collected as dried milk spot
This study aimed to develop a robust dried milk spot (DMS) system where fats in the breast milk are stable at room temperature, and the FFA concentration of the milk can be accurately measured without interference by the high level of triglyceride, which normally constitutes around 98% of the fats in fresh milk. Our system involves applying a small amount breast milk (20µL) on silica gel impregnated filter paper and microwaving at high power to denature lipases. At the time of analysis, the milk fats are eluted with acetone, re-constituted in heptane and injected directly into a gas chromatograph equipped with an acid mod...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 15, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Different Metabolism of EPA, DPA and DHA in humans: a double-blind cross-over study
This study aimed to compare eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) incorporated into red blood cells (RBC) phospholipids (PL), plasma PL, plasma triglyceride (TAG), and plasma cholesteryl ester (CE) fractions, and the metabolomics profiles in a double-blind cross-over study. Twelve female healthy subjects randomly consumed 1 gram per day for 6 days of pure EPA, DPA, or DHA. The placebo treatment was olive oil. The fasting venous blood was taken at days 0, 3 and 6, and the RBC PL and plasma lipid fractions were separated for fatty acid determination using thin layer chromatog...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 12, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

ISSFAL Official Statement Number 6 The importance of measuring blood omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in research
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Renate H.M. de Groot, Barbara J. MeyerAbstractA statement on measuring blood omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels developed and edited based on input from ISSFAL members and accepted by vote of the ISSFAL Board of Directors.Summary of Statement: Omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LCPUFA) levels at baseline and post-intervention should be assessed and reported in future research to evaluate the efficacy of n-3 LCPUFA supplementationBecause: 1. There are numerous factors t...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 8, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Development and evaluation of a simultaneous and efficient quantification strategy for final prostanoid metabolites in urine
In conclusion, we developed a novel method to quantify all final PN metabolites simultaneously and efficiently and demonstrated the practicality of the method using human CD patient samples. (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 8, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Associations of erythrocyte fatty acid compositions with FADS1 gene polymorphism in Japanese mothers and infants
In conclusion, differences in the FADS1 SNP genotypes of pregnant women and their children may greatly affect the supply of LC-PUFAs. Further studies on the involvement of the FADS1 polymorphisms and the fetal LC-PUFA levels in the fetal growth and development are warranted. (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 8, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Association of Vitamin D with Fatty Acids in Pregnancy
This study was carried out to explore the association of maternal vitamin D and fatty acids in pregnancy. The present study includes 69 normotensive control (NC) and 50 women with preeclampsia (PE). Maternal and cord serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were lower (p<0.01for both) in women with PE compared to NC women. Maternal plasma total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels were lower (p<0.05) while levels of total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were higher (p<0.05 for both) in women with PE. Cord erythrocyte PUFA levels were higher (p<0.01) in PE wom...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 8, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Breast milk and erythrocyte fatty acid composition of lactating women residing in a peri-urban South African township
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Linda P. Siziba, Tsitsi Chimhashu, Sicelosethu S. Siro, Jennifer Osei Ngounda, Adriaan Jacobs, Linda Malan, Cornelius M. Smuts, Jeannine BaumgartnerAbstractData on breast milk fatty acid (FA) composition in South African lactating women in relation to their FA status, as well as on potential compositional changes within feed, are limited.The aim of this study was to assess the FA composition of breast milk sampled at three time points within feed, and to determine associations with red blood cell (RBC)...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 8, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: November 2019Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, Volume 150Author(s): (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 6, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Intravenous fat induces changes in PUFA and their bioactive metabolites: Comparison between Japanese and Australian preterm infants.
ConclusionDifferences in total and free fatty acids and unesterified oxylipins, were observed during the first weeks of life and between preterm infants born in Australia and Japan, which were likely a reflection of the type of lipid emulsion and timing of administration. The clinical significance of these changes remains to be explored. (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 6, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Umbilical Cord Blood Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase index and Lipoprotein Lipase Mass Level in Small-for-Gestational Age Newborns
In conclusion, LPLm, rather than SCD activity may be involved in the increased TG levels in SGA newborns. (Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA))
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - November 6, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research