Biomechanical analysis using FEA and experiments of a standard plate method versus three cable methods for fixing acetabular fractures with simultaneous THA
Acetabular fractures are simple (i.e. elementary) or complex (i.e. associated) with 10 distinct injury types [1]. They are intricate, deep, and hard to manage surgically. Depending on the patient demographics, the trauma centre, and the region of the world, acetabular fractures can potentially account for 14% –50% of all types of pelvic fractures, while all types of pelvic fractures can potentially account for 1.5%–11% of all bone trauma [2,3]. Acetabular fractures are increasing in numbers in the general population, and even more in the elderly over 60 years of age due to falls on the greater trocha nter [4–10]. (So...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - June 20, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Mina S.R. Aziz, Omar Dessouki, Saeid Samiezadeh, Habiba Bougherara, Emil H. Schemitsch, Radovan Zdero Source Type: research
A custom-made temporomandibular joint prosthesis for fabrication by selective laser melting: Finite element analysis
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) plays a unique and crucial role in our daily life, as it is involved in speech, expression and chewing. TMJ defects are caused by trauma, infection, tumour, ankylosis, and/or idiopathic resorption. Reconstruction of acquired TMJ defects is an obvious challenge in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Several techniques have been developed over the decades, such as costochondral grafting, iliac crest bone grafting, distraction osteotomy, fibular free flap, and alloplastic TMJ implants [1,2]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - June 16, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Xiangliang Xu, Danmei Luo, Chuanbin Guo, Qiguo Rong Source Type: research
Biomechanical evaluation of a novel pedicle screw-based interspinous spacer: A finite element analysis
Spinal fusion is a gold standard forsurgical treatment of degenerative discs and spinal instability; however, this surgery has been reported to cause adjacent segment diseases [1,2]. Currently, non-fusion surgeries tend to rise to overcome the deficiencies associated with the spinal fusion surgery. Interspinous spacers havebeen introduced as a possible option on spinal decompression for the treatment of neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC) and low back pain [3,4]. Various interspinous spacers aim to distract the neural foramen, limit spinal extension, and relieve back pain from the foraminal stenosis. (Source: Medica...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - June 14, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Hsin-Chang Chen, Jia-Lin Wu, Shou-Chieh Huang, Zheng-Cheng Zhong, Shiu-Ling Chiu, Yu-Shu Lai, Cheng-Kung Cheng Source Type: research
Characterisation of medical microfluidic systems regarding fast changing flow rates using optical front tracking methods
In medical applications of liquid flows, fast changing flow rates are common. Flow adjustments during infusion therapy lead to significant flow deviations. In complex flow systems, flow rates and concentrations of drugs are often different from expected values [1 –4]. To control microfluidic devices or intelligent systems, suitable actuators [5] and corresponding sensors are required. To investigate and furthermore control complex flow systems, a measuring technique to characterise the dynamic limitations of conventional flow meters is required. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - June 14, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Joerg Schroeter, Lino del Bianco, Christian Damiani, Stephan Klein, Bodo Nestler Source Type: research
On the halt of spontaneous capillary flows in diverging open channels
Capillary microsystems are increasingly used in many different scientific domains, from biotechnology to biology and medicine, chemistry, thermics, energy and space. In such systems the energy source that is responsible for the flow is the surface energy of the walls. No external, bulky energy sources and no moving off-chip parts are needed, which make such systems compact and easily portable. This is the case of “point-of-care” or “personal self testing” systems in biotechnology and medicine, which enable patients to easily monitor in their home or at the doctor's office their physical condition and adjust their t...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - June 13, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: J. Berthier, K.A. Brakke, D. Gosselin, F. Navarro, N. Belgacem, D. Chaussy, E. Berthier Source Type: research
Precision and accuracy of consumer-grade motion tracking system for pedicle screw placement in pediatric spinal fusion surgery
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal deformity characterized by lateral curvature, often combined with vertebral rotation. It has an overall prevalence of 0.47% –5.2%, with a higher prevalence and severity in girls than in boys [1]. Surgery is recommended for patients with curvatures greater than 50° who have not yet reached skeletal maturity or have rapid curve progression and functional impairment [2]. Posterior fusion surgery utilizing instrumentation has become the gold standard of surgical treatment. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - June 13, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Andrew Chan, Janelle Aguillon, Doug Hill, Edmond Lou Source Type: research
A novel flexible capacitive load sensor for use in a mobile unicompartmental knee replacement bearing: An in vitro proof of concept study
Mechanical loads experienced by human joints during functional activities play an important role in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) resulting in joint degeneration [1,2]. The ability to measure the loads that occur within joints in vivo can give a valuable insight into the disease process. Measuring joint loads in vivo presents many challenges; both technologically and ethically. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - June 8, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: M J A Mentink, B H Van Duren, D W Murray, H S Gill Source Type: research
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(Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - May 26, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
MicroCT-based finite element models as a tool for virtual testing of cortical bone
Knowledge of the elastic, yield, and failure properties of trabecular and cortical bone tissue is very useful in investigating the skeletal effects of drug treatments, aging, and disease. Mechanical testing has been considered as a standard tool for investigating various effects on the extrinsic (stiffness, yield force etc.) and intrinsic (Young's modulus, yield stress etc.) properties of bone for decades [1]. However, recent advances in medical image resolution and computer processor speed provide alternatives, reducing the need for invasive mechanical testing and replacing it with computational biomechanics to simulate i...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - May 18, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Masoud Ramezanzadehkoldeh, Bj ørn H. Skallerud Source Type: research
Biomechanical study on surgical fixation methods for minimally invasive treatment of hallux valgus
Hallux valgus (HV) with the lateral deviation of great toe and the medial displacement at distal portion of the first metatarsal is a common disease in foot deformities, with an incidence rate of 12% –33% [1–3]. Female HV has a higher prevalence rate because of heredity and high heel shoes [4–6]. The complications with the callus, bunion and deformity seriously affect the gait and foot health [7]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - May 17, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Rui Mao, Junchao Guo, Chenyu Luo, Yubo Fan, Jianmin Wen, Lizhen Wang Source Type: research
Computed tomography (CT)-compatible remote center of motion needle steering robot: Fusing CT images and electromagnetic sensor data
In the United States and Europe lung cancer screening with low dose computed tomography (CT) is recommended for people at high risk or within clinical trial settings [1,2]. The introduction of lung cancer screening results in an increase of detected nodules. The nodules greater than 10 mm, and small fast-growing nodules would be eligible for clinical work-up, which is often performed with CT-guided lung biopsy. During this procedure the CT system is used to locate the lung nodule and the needle is advanced into the subcutaneous tissue of the chest wall incrementally, and a CT sc an is acquired after every needle manipula...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - May 13, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Navid Shahriari, Wout Heerink, Tim van Katwijk, Edsko Hekman, Matthijs Oudkerk, Sarthak Misra Source Type: research
Red blood cell aggregate flux in a bifurcating microchannel
Red blood cell aggregation plays a key role in microcirculatory flows, however, little is known about the transport characteristics of red blood cell aggregates in branching geometries. This work reports on the fluxes of red blood cell aggregates of various sizes in a T-shaped microchannel, aiming to clarify the effects of different flow conditions in the outlet branches of the channel. Image analysis techniques, were utilised, and moderately aggregating human red blood cell suspensions were tested in symmetric ( ∼50–50%) and asymmetric flow splits through the two outlet (daughter) branches. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - May 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: E Kaliviotis, D. Pasias, J.M. Sherwood, S. Balabani Source Type: research
Modeling of the interaction between grip force and vibration transmissibility of a finger
Extended exposure of the hand to vibratory or repetitive loading has been associated with vascular, sensorineural, and musculoskeletal disorders, such as hand –arm vibration syndrome [1], carpal tunnel syndrome [2], and flexor tenosynovitis [3]. Strong evidence indicates that the initiation and development of the musculoskeletal disorders of the hand are related to the mechanical stress and strain in the soft tissues. The occurrence of vibration white f inger (VWF) among exposed workers has been related to impaired blood circulation in the fingers resulting in degeneration of the vascular system [4], which is associated ...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - May 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: John Z. Wu, Daniel E. Welcome, Thomas W. McDowell, Xueyan S. Xu, Ren G. Dong Source Type: research
Backflow-free catheters for efficient and safe convection-enhanced delivery of therapeutics
Neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are often treated by systemic delivery of large molecular weight drugs either orally or intravenously. However, the blood brain barrier (BBB) prevents most of these molecules from entering the interstitium, rendering systemic delivery methods highly ineffective [1]. One solution to bypass the BBB is through a direct intracranial injection, a technique known as convection-enhanced delivery (CED). This invasive technique utilizes a positive pressure gradient created by an infusion pump to infuse drugs through a catheter and into the brain tissue. (Source: Medical...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - May 3, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Eric Lueshen, Kevin Tangen, Ankit I. Mehta, Andreas Linninger Source Type: research
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(Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - April 30, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
